Fatores associados a aceitabilidade da vacina contra o papilomavírus humano por pais e responsáveis de adolescentes residentes em uma capital da região amazônica

Abstract

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has an oncogenic potential capable of inducing the development of cancers: anal, penile, vulvar, oropharyngeal and cervical, making it a major worldwide public health problem. The production of the quadrivalent vaccine has been the most effective and most cost-effective method for controlling the virus, made available by the Unified Health System (SUS) for girls and boys. The State of Pará had one of the lowest rates of vaccination coverage against HPV since its insertion in the vaccination calendar. Therefore, the objective of this research was to analyze the knowledge of parents and guardians about HPV and its vaccine, as well as to identify the factors associated with the barrier and acceptability of the vaccine. This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with 247 parents and guardians in peripheral areas covered by the Terra Firme Family Health Strategy in the city of Belém - PA. The results showed that in the studied population, the age between 28 to 37 years, stable union and illiterate education, fundamental and medium, are factors associated with low and medium knowledge about HPV and its vaccine. It is concluded that although the degree of knowledge of parents and guardians is medium to high and that their acceptability of the vaccine is high, this has little repercussion for a result recommended by WHO for the vaccination coverage of children / adolescents. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate and select the most effective HPV promotion and prevention strategies.