Protocolo de rastreio e tratamento da dislipidemia no paciente adulto com Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent metabolic disease that keep rising, and its main cause of mortality is atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Classically, besides the concomitance with other comorbidities that increase this risk, DM presents a dyslipidemic triad also favorable to this outcome: increased triglycerides, reduced HDL-c, and formation of small and dense LDL-c molecules. Aiming to guide the appropriate treatment of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients, it is necessary to prepare a scientific material that addresses the subject in a didactic manner, based on current scientific evidence and adapted to the reality of the Brazilian population. The protocol developed fulfills this purpose and, for this, it was carried out an integrative review of the literature in the PubMed database. As a result, flowcharts, tables, and figures were elaborated to guide the drug treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia according to established goals after defining the cardiovascular risk. The stratification of this risk was intentionally made through criteria that would make this assessment feasible regardless of the use of calculators or other means, giving autonomy to the professional performing it. The material aims to serve from primary to tertiary care and is indicated for general practitioners and specialists.