Dimensões do regime eleitoral de gênero: uma comparação entre Brasil e México.

Abstract

The low representation of women in the Brazilian Legislative Assembly has been a historical problem that demands coordinated actions to overcome. The Brazilian population is made up of 51% women, but representation in Parliament does not even reach half of this proportion. Mexico also faced this problem, but implemented a reform integrating properties and which today serves as a model for the world, as a State that instituted gender parity. In this study, structured based on a comparative analysis, we compare the gender electoral regime implemented in Mexico with the regime in force in Brazil. The literature reveals that Mexico adopts a strong model, while Brazil does not meet most of the criteria highlighted as a parameter, allowing Brazil to be classified as a weak regime, with an institutional design disjointed from a central objective. In addition to the comparison between the institutional designs in question, we bring to the analysis electoral data from 2018 and 2022, from the elections for the Brazilian Legislative Assemblies, to illustrate the proportions of underrepresentation, providing greater substance to our findings.