Influência da taxa de resfriamento nas tensões residuais de solda por centelhamento de trilho ferroviário

Abstract

The process of manufacturing and welding in rail induces residual stresses that can act in a deleterious way to the structural integrity of this component, especially in cases where the tractive stresses, can favor the nucleation and propagation of cracks, may cause premature rail failure. The objective this work is evaluate the residual stresses of rails welded by flash butt welding (FBW) with and without heat treatment post welding with forced air cooling. The techniques measurement of residual stress ultrasound using shear waves in the metal base and hole Drilling in the center of the weld and in the zone thermally affected (HAZ). The techniques presented similar results to those found in the literature, for the head, tensile stresses were found in the base metal region, and compressive stresses in the HAZ and center of the weld. In the web, tensile stresses were found at the HAZ and the center of the weld.