Território e multiterritorialidade: uma análise dos atingidos por Belo Monte no RUC São Joaquim

Abstract

This research addresses issues related to the territoriality of residents of RUC São Joaquim, in Altamira-PA, after the change processed by the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant on the Xingu river. Since they had a socio-spatial organization built in the lived space of the city's lowlands, which the entrepreneur from Belo Monte called ADA. In this context, it was considered necessary to try to understand the continuous process of building identity and the affirmation of the principle of territoriality in the constitution of its territory. Therefore, the problem of this research consists of answering the following question: How has the construction of new territorialities and the identity of belonging of these subjects been taking place in the construction of their territorial bonds? To answer this question, the main objective of the research is to analyze the process of building territorial bonds of identity and belonging from the subjects affected by RUC São Joaquim. Having the specific objectives of a) Investigating what the relationships of belonging and sociability were like between subjects before Belo Monte; b) Understand how the process of moving to RUC São Joaquim took place and its consequences for residents; and c) Understand the territorialities of the subjects in relation to RUC São Joaquim, identifying the processes related to multiterritorialities. The research has an explanatory nature based on a qualitative approach to the proposed topic. The methodological path of structuring and developing this research sought paths that not only allowed understanding, but also the appreciation of the subjects' interpretations of the investigated object combined with the data collection and processing parameters of information obtained in interviews during field activities, which were analyzed based on the proposed theoretical framework. It can be seen that the residents of this RUC present a crossed reality marked by nostalgia for the territoriality that was perceived, lived and conceived in the ADA, demonstrating a multiterritoriality in the continuous process of territorialization, deterritorialization and reterritorialization based on the territorial dynamics imposed by UHE Belo Monte.