Monitoramento meteorológico e hidrodinâmico de um ambiente lêntico em uma região metropolitana amazônica

Abstract

The increasing urbanization and the resulting pressure on water resources have intensified the need to monitor and manage aquatic ecosystems. The Utinga State Park, located in Belém, Pará, is home to an important lake that plays a crucial role in supplying water to the region. However, the lack of urban planning and the disorderly population growth have jeopardized both the quality and quantity of this water resource. In light of this scenario, the present study aimed to evaluate the hydrodynamic and meteorological conditions of Água Preta Lake, with the goal of contributing to its conservation and sustainable management. Meteorological parameters were measured using a weather station over a 12-month period, with data made available at 60- minute intervals. Hydrodynamic data were collected using instruments such as the ADCP, which measures current intensity and direction at 50 cm intervals along the water column; an electromagnetic current meter, used for 48-hour measurements during both dry and rainy seasons to validate the lake's hydrodynamic patterns; and a CTD profiler, which measured the vertical temperature profile. Additionally, levelogger pressure sensors were deployed at strategic locations. After analysis, it was found that the lake's current velocity is low. Meteorological factors remained within the ranges reported by other authors, confirming the consistency of the collected data with previous studies. The hydrodynamic analysis revealed restricted circulation patterns, with limited water movement, especially near the bottom. The main driving force of the system is the operation of pumps that supply the lake with water from the Guamá River. Surface water movement is also limited, as wind speeds are low, hindering circulation in this environment. These results highlight the importance of continuous monitoring for the efficient management of the lake, especially in the context of growing environmental pressure caused by unplanned urbanization. The information obtained provides a solid foundation for future conservation actions, contributing to the preservation of biodiversity and the sustainability of the region's water supply.