Resistência à fadiga cíclica de instrumentos rotatórios de níquel-titânio de diferentes características geométricas antes e após o uso

Abstract

The aim of the presente study was to evaluate resistence to cyclic fatigue of NiTi Rotary instruments of diferente geometric characteristics. They were submitted to different numbers of uses in artificial canals. Race rotary instrument (FKG Dentaire) and K3 (SybronEndo) new and used, 0.04 taper, 25mm length; and in ISO size 25 were used. The instruments were distributed in four experimental groups with twelve files each (n=48). Group A0 (unused Race instruments), group A5 (5x uses, Race instruments), B0 (unused K3 instrument) and group B5 (5x uses K3 instruments). Each set of instruments was used in artificial canal, with 40° curve and a 5mm radius of curvature. They were operated at 350 rpm and 1 N/cm torque, using a endodontic electric motor (Endo Pro Torque). Before each use the instruments were sterilized by steam autoclave. Cyclic fatigues testing of new and used rotary instruments were performed with a specific device, which allowed the instruments rotate freely until they broke. All groups were submitted to cyclic fatigue. Time to fracture was visually recorded with a chronometer. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Tukey-Kramer intervals at the 0.05 significant level were determined. The use and different geometric characteristics of NiTi rotary instruments significantly reduced their cyclic fatigue resistance. The group B0 presented larger resistance to the fatigue when compared to the instruments of the other experimental groups, independent of the number of uses.