Fabricação e caracterização de material compósito de resina poliéster reforçada por tecido de fibra de tururi extraído da palmeira de ubuçu (Manicaria saccifera)

Abstract

The proposition of this work is to present and characterize a composite material produced with a polymeric matrix reinforced with natural fibers. The matrix is an insaturated teraftalic polyester pre -accelerated with the commercial name of Denverpoly 754 and the peroxide of MEK (Butanox M-50 ) as a catalyst in a proportion of 0,33% in volume. The natural fiber used was the “tururi”, obtained in the Marajó region, in the municipalite of Muaná. This fiber was submitted to two types of aperture in the transversal axis, in a proportion of 50% and 100% of the original width. The fabrication method of the composite was made through a manual lamination process (hand lay up) using a controlled pression by weights previously quantified. Phisycal, mechanical and microscopic characteristics were obtained for the fiber and the composite material , and in this way , the traction resistence, specific mass, weight of the fabric , mass fraction and microscopic image before and after the traction tests for the fiber fabric were made, and tests of traction for the composite material. The fabric of tururi, has shown a traction resistence of 29,95 MPa (without aperture), 12,27 MPa (aperture of 50%) and 9,38 MPa (aperture of 100% ). The aperture produces a reduction of the traction the resistence of the tururi fabric, and consequently reducing the traction resistence of the material. The weight of the fabric was reduced with the aperture. The mass fraction of the fabric of the composite was 14,39%(without aperture), 9,35 % (aperture of 50%) and 7,19% (aperture f 100%). The traction resistance was of 35,76 MPA (withot perture), 19,01 (50% aperture) and 16,8 MPa (100% aperture). The mechanical resistence has shown values much like those encountered in the literature for composites reinforced with natural fibers. The images obtained with swapping electronic microscopie, validated the mechanical properties obtained for each situation of the material and fibers.