Estudo do crescimento bacteriano na presença de óleos essenciais de Dysphania ambrosioides l. e Ocimum campechianum mill. para avaliar seus potenciais como antissépticos bucais

Abstract

The aromatic plants like Dysphania ambrosioides (mastruz) and Ocimum campechianum (Alfavaca), that are part of folk medicine in Brazil, have phenylpropanoids and terpenoids compounds in their essential oils as result of secondary metabolism that influence the adaptation and defense of these species in environment; particularly, defense against microrganisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of D. ambrosioides and O. campechianum against pathogenic bacteria mouth. For this they used the disk diffusion method on agar and broth microdilution adapted. The plants were obtained in Santa Izabel do Pará, their leaves were washed and weighed; the essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. After, the components of essential oils were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bacteria strains used were: Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 7469), Lactobacillus fermentum (ATCC 9338), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 10557) and Agregatibacter actinomycetencomitans (ATCC 29522). Bacterial suspensions were prepared for testing and 0.5 McFarland standard. As a positive control we adopted the digluconate of chlorhexidine 0.12%. Inhibition halos were observed for all samples in different concentrations of each essential oil (1%, 5%, 10%, 25%, 50% and 75%). The largest halos were found to A. actinomycetencomitans. In the microdilution test the basil oil inhibited the bacteria S. mutans, the main etiological factor for caries in concentration of 1%; mastruz the oil inhibited L. casei, microorganism that enhances the process of decay in concentrations from 10%; Both oils inhibited the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans, and can be effective against periodontal disease caused by that pathogen. Plant species of this study produce secondary metabolites classes with potential applications in the development of dental products.