Dissertações em Agriculturas Amazônicas (Mestrado) - PPGAA/INEAF
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2307
O Mestrado em Agriculturas Amazônicas teve início em 1996 anteriormente Curso de Mestrado em Agriculturas Familiares e Desenvolvimento Sustentável e reconhecido em 2000 pela CAPES e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agriculturas Amazônicas (PPGAA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). É um curso interinstitucional, sendo sua oferta responsabilidade do Instituto Amazônico de Agriculturas Familiares - INEAF da UFPA e da EMBRAPA/CPATU – Amazônia Oriental.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A busca da sustentabilidade das pastagens no Assentamento Belo Horizonte I, São Domingos do Araguaia - PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-29) CARVALHO, Adson Jonnas Rocha; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-9248The ranching in the Amazon area could become unsustainable due to several factors, including the management of pasture. The lack of control on consumption of fodder for cattle, especially in the family farm where there is a lack of financial resources and even lack of space for expansion of their creations, causing an excessive consuming of pasture, resulting in their degradation. In this situation not only consumption control of forages is necessary, but also practices that aim to recover, reform or even the renewal of grassland. This study seeks to identify and analyze different practices of recovery, reform-renewal of pastures considered degraded from the point of view of agriculture. The areas studied are located in family farms of the settlement Belo Horizonte 1, São Domingos do Araguaia, Pará. To identify the practices, we used interviews and direct observations. To analyze the practice efficiency we used the Phytologic Analysis Methods (DAGET; POISSSONET, 1971) to determine the pastures floristic composition in each piece of field studied, besides collecting samples of herbage. In this method, the pasture areas are classified according to their floristic composition, considering areas of grasses, legumes, adventitious plants and bare soil. This survey was conducted in two periods: rainy and dried weather. The results show that the efficiency of the practice is more related to the inputs used, especially the forage’s seeds (quality and species), than the method of area preparation itself. The reusing practice of abandoned pastures, more doubtful success, is its renovation, the slower result and less satisfying is the pastures recovery.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Intensificação ou diversificação?: a pecuária leiteira em questão(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-04) NOGUEIRA, Simone Silva; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-9248Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Introdução de leguminosas forrageiras em sistemas de criação leiteiros no assentamento Belo Horizonte I, São Domingos do Araguaia-PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-18) MALANSKI, Priscila Duarte; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-9248The social, economical, political, environmental and productive transformation that has occurred and still occurs in the region of Marabá, in southeast of Pará, has a significant link with the livestock, either as an exploration model of nature resources that caused deep changes in the regional landscape or as main agricultural activities developed by big farmers and familiar farmers. Because of that link, the dynamics that involves the livestock and the rural development process has been a research object for university professors and students in institutions like Federal University of Pará. This dissertation is one result of these researches, whose development took place under the project Promoting innovations to the family farming strengthening in settlements at southeast of Pará, which since 2008 has testing management alternatives to overcome technical limitations in livestock production. The technical interventions in this project were made in partnership with the farmers from Settlement Project Belo Horizonte I, in São Domingos do Araguaia-PA, where test-actions with forage leguminous were deployed. In this research, three case studies were investigated with the theoretical-methodological instrumental of systems theory applied in production systems studies, in special livestock systems, according to the intended objective, which was to analyze coherence in the use type of leguminous in livestock systems. Our hypothesis is that the type of leguminous use depends on final product desired for the farmer. In Belo Horizonte I settlement, the main products of livestock are the milk and the calf. Favoring one or both products implies different ways to manage the leguminous. The results demonstrate that decision coherence on leguminous use type is based on favoring one category or an animal lot by management practices to obtain the desired products according to the productive goal established for de livestock systems.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ocupação dos espaços, gestão e degradação das pastagens entre pecuaristas da microrregião de São Félix do Xingu-PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-02) CLAUDINO, Livio Sergio Dias; POCCARD CHAPUIS, René Jean Marie; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2908492529201445; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2200-0637; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-9248In many places in the Brazilian Amazon the livestock is a very common activity. In the central eastern part, in the municipalities of São Félix do Xingu and Tucumã, this activity showed an exponential growth, especially from 90 years, where was observed one rapid expansion of pastures and cattle herds. Questions about the role of this activity emerged due to deforestation increase are consequence of the conversion of forests into pastures of low quality. Strong relationship among deforestation, pasture degradation and farmer migration were pointed in the last two decades by scientific works. So pasture degradation can be a key phenomenon in the farmers‘ decision to migrate to new areas. This study aims to analyze in micro region São Félix do Xingu, under the research Network – Geoma, if the pasture degradation causes a new deforestation and as the degradation is influenced by pasture management, herd management. The hypotheses were: i) forms of occupation and management to space are influenced by socioeconomic, environmental and political factors, by the land ownership and by the pastures productivity ; ii) the pastures and herds management practices are the main cause of pastures degradation; and, iii) the new deforestation are influenced by pastures degradation. Interviews done were with 63 farmers from September to December 2008. We use statistical regression models to identify variables that influence the stages of pastures degradation and the variance analysis (ANOVA) for compare the variables independents between the different groups of farmers. The results showed that among all socioeconomic categories of farmers, the forms of space occupation and management and status of pastures are very similar. Distinct socioeconomic categories of farmers are influenced by different factors of pastures degradation. Farmers in socioeconomic disadvantaged situations were mainly affected by external factors such as dry season, attacks by pests. However, unlike the hypothesis proposed, the degradation of pasture does not cause farmer migration and opening new areas. The intensification on pasture management is the strategy adopted by all categories of farmers; especially by the reform of pastures and increase in the number of divisions for reduce the pressure on pastures, the seasonal variation effect on the herds during the year and to make improvements in pastures.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Práticas locais e regras institucionais: uso dos recursos naturais por pescadores artesanais da Resex Marinha Caeté-Taperaçu(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-27) MORAES, Rodrigo Leal; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096In this research, the productive activities carried out by artisanal fishermen in two communities, inserted in the context of an Extractive Reserve, were analyzed to obtain answers regarding the possible changes in relation to the know-how of the fishermen after the implementation of rules of usage and agreements of coexistence deriving from the creation of the Caeté-Taperaçu Marine Extractive Reserve, located in the municipality of Bragança-Pa. The analysis of the practices of individuals who use the resources in an environment of common use, where there is the dependence of the natural resources and the dispute for the appropriation of the territory with other actors, including the State and representatives of the civil society, is what this work intends to present, seeking answers about the possible changes in artisanal fishing practices after the creation of the Extractive Reserve. The study begins from the hypothesis that the dynamic relations between institutions and individuals that have diverse interests relating to the available resources can be a relationship of continuity or resignification, where the external conditioning, such as rules created by institutions, and the subjectivity of the individual, materialized through practices, are factors that must be considered to the efectiveness reach of territories' objectives created not only for nature's conservation, but also for the maintenance of the livelihoods of artisanal fishermen through Marine Extractive Reserves.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Processo ensino-aprendizagem na abordagem analítico-comportamental no contexto da agricultura familiar(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-04-03) FERREIRA, Rafael Peniche; CARVALHO, Soraya Abreu de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2542726626028987; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Reforma agrária popular e agroecológica do MST: experiências de assentados do PA abril vermelho, Santa Bárbara-Pa(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-07-31) VILHENA, Luiz Felipe Nazaré; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096Since its formation, the Brazil's Landless Workers Movement (MST in Portuguese) fights for land reform. On national scenario, it is the main campesine organization against “latifundios” (large landed estates), rural workers exploitation, poverty and income concentration in rural areas. It materializes its existence through the method of occupying land for reform. This consolidates how they organize and form the encampments spatialization and territorialization, doing process of "campesinação" (making common urban people into farmers) and "recampesinação" (making urban people who came from rural areas back to being farmers). This works intends to analyze and reflect MST's agro-ecological production strategies for areas previously under monoculture production. The research field was Abril Vermelho settlement in Santa Bárbara-PA. Therefore, we characterized how MST thinks and organizes its proposal for an agro-ecological production and identified along with Abril Vermelho settlers, their production strategies, trying to analyze the MST influence within it. The interdisciplinary methodological approach consisted in theoretical framework from agrarian and social sciences, funded in campesine, social movements and agroecology concepts. The research techniques were indirect documentation and field research with participative observation. The research procedures consisted in historical analysis, production practices characterization, semi-structured interviews, transverse walks and photographical registers on land plots. The research results shows that in Abril Vermelho settlement, the MST agro-ecological proposal has contributed on consolidating organic and sustainable production systems. Thus, in this analysis scale, the agro-ecological basis for MST's Agrarian Reform is indispensable to the construction of an efficient counter-hegemonic production system that values traditional knowledge and autonomy of small farmers.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Uso de geotecnologias na identificação e mapeamento dos atores do desmatamento na frente pioneira de São Félix do Xingu - PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) MACEDO, Magno Roberto Alves; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-9248The fronts in the Brazilian Amazon are mainly responsible for altering the regional landscape, and are characterized by the advance of the forest at breakneck speed and proportion. As a result of this advance, there is the construction of new infrastructure in poor areas with high rates of deforestation, with social problems arising from lack of territorial planning of these areas. This work aims at identifying and monitoring the behavior of actors involved in the deforestation of the pioneer front in Sao Felix do Xingu / PA, in the period 2001 to 2008, through the interaction between the forms identified in remote sensing image data and social, economic, productive, from studies done in the region. The results show that the method presented has differentiated its efficiency, and satisfactory answers in the most advanced front of the border ("front face" and "middle front), and decreased efficiency in the areas of higher occupation of the front (rear front). However the responses from responding quickly to possible changes in the pioneer front, supporting the development of rapid diagnostics of these regions and their use in public policy planning.