Dissertações em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (Mestrado) - PPGTPC/NTPC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2333

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 1987 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 15 de 15

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Aprendizagem por exclusão: análise de um procedimento de ensino em crianças diagnosticadas com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-22) OLIVEIRA, Thayline; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Behavioral analysts have developed a number of methodologies, especially from the stimulus equivalence paradigm, to investigate reading skills in children with learning disabilities. However, few studies involving exclusion have proposed to investigate reading teaching in individuals with atypical development. When it comes to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), study has not been identified in the literature. Therefore, this research aims to investigate whether the exclusion procedure combined to CRMTS is effective to establish arbitrary relationships between figures and printed words for children with ASD; if the naming of printed words emerges after training; and finally, if the reading of new words occurs. The data indicate that the training involving the exclusion and CRMTS procedures were effective to establish arbitrary relations between figures and printed words with little exposure to errors and to generate the reading of the dissyllable words in the naming tests. However, the procedure was not sufficient to emerge the recombinative reading of the new words.
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Desenvolvimento de metodologia de monitoramento das ações de capacitação na Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-04) RAMOS, Camila Carvalho; COSTA, Thiago Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1248194912228326; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The present study was to develop a methodology for monitoring capacitating actions in a federal educational institution. The study was carried out at the Pro-rectory of Development and Management of Personnel with 26 technical-administrative public workers. We used the 360º type performance evaluation, in which the public worker performs self-evaluation and also is evaluated by different organizational actors. The procedure comprised: mapping the competences, establishing performance indicators, validating indicators, and implementation of the evaluation questionnaire. The results showed that the proposed methodology has adequate scale items that make possible an objective evaluation of the worker performance. Therefore, the new methodology was considered as a promising tool for the development of public workers and the process of competence decomposition was effective to create evaluation indicators.
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Efeito do ensino de discriminação condicional de sentenças sobre a emergência de relações sintáticas para deficientes auditivos.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-31) SANTOS, Rafael Ernesto Arruda; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The growing contingent of deaf people in human society has a fundamental basic reading academic behavior in social inclusion policies. The proposed study seeks to observe the teaching of conditional discrimination sentences on the emergence of syntactic relations, from the construction of sentences in the affirmative and negative assertions in deaf children. Pre-tests verify the repertoire readings in LBS and Portuguese. The study used three sets of stimuli: A - Signs in LSB, B - words written in Portuguese and C - figures. The conditional relations AB and AC were taught and BA relations, CA, BC and CB tested with no differential feedback. The procedure adopted was matching-to-sample (MTS) to teach reading words. After training and testing, the participant was exposed to the constructed-response matching-to-sample (CRMTS) of affirmative and negative sentences. The participant should write sentences in the presence of a model (LBS signals or written sentences), from words written in Portuguese (or LBS) to compose the affirmative sentences and negative sentences. Next, specific tests for CRMTS evaluated the formation of new sentences, including a recombination test.
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Efeito do ensino por resposta construída simultânea e com atraso sobre a produção e leitura de sentenças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-27) BANDEIRA, Taynan Marques; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies have used procedure constructed response matching to sample (CRMTS) to teach spelling of words. In this procedure the answer is constructed by selecting individual components presented as comparisons stimuli conditionally to the sample stimulus. It can be performed to the presence of the sample (simultaneous constructed response matching to sample ou SCRMTS) or after its removal (delayed constructed response matching to sample or DCRMTS). This study compared the effectiveness of training by SCRMTS and DCRMTS in the production and reading of sentences, as well as the maintenance of the repertoire after 20 days. Participants were seven children with a minimum repertoire of naming letters, syllables and some words. In Pre-tests none of the participants answered textually or correctly constructed sentences and only one score textual behavior of 73% of the words of the study. Each participant underwent the teaching of words that had errors using CRMTS. With a single-subject design of alternating treatment, all participants were submitted to both teaching procedures, with two different sets of sentences. The test results show that all learned to construct sentences and maintained the repertoire with the two procedures, and emitted a textual behavior and reading with comprehension on the teaching and recombined sentences. The two procedures can be used for teaching and maintenance of syntactic repertoire, although DCRMTS was more effective training. Important variables in using these procedures are discussed and directions for future studies.
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Efeitos de sobreposição de palavras sobre a composição de sentenças sob controle condicional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-02-18) CORRÊA, Diogo Rodrigues; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The construction of units ordered language is an object of study of syntax and of fundamental interest to research the study of behavior. Syntactic performances often involve changes that take place in word order between different linguistic contexts. The aim of this study was to investigate the emergence of the composition of sentences written from the teaching of overlapping words with conditional control. It was still intended to examine the maintenance of performance from the reapplication of the test with new sentences. A software was developed for submission of programmed contingencies of teaching, testing and recording of behavioral data. The study included six children ranging in age from eight to ten years of a social institution. Four sentences, two in the active voice and passive voice in two participants were taught the procedure of overlapping words. The participant's task was to compose sentences written by choice, the computer screen, words presented in unpredictable order. After teaching for overlapping sentences in active and passive voice, they were conditionally related to the red and green respectively. Substitutability tests checked the production of new sentences. After about forty-five days without contact with the experimental contingencies, the emerging performance was again assessed. All participants reached the criterion for accuracy at the stages of education. In tests of substitutability, a participant has reached 87.5%, two had 75% and for others, the percentage of correct answers was 62.5%, 50% and 37.5%. A second study was carried out increasing the number of attempts to teach for three of the participants who had a poor performance with conditional control. The results showed that two of the participants (LUC and DAN) had 100% and 87.5% accuracy in the tests with new sentences. The participant POL reached only 62.5% accuracy in testing. The results suggest that refinement of the procedure for two of the participants produced sentences with the emergence of conditional control, regarding the performance of those participants in the first study. The participants' performance in re-testing is still debatable with maintenance only one participant. This study shows that the teaching procedure for overlapping words can generate the composition of sentences with few errors. The conditional control needs to be well established and variables such as order of training needs to be investigated.
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Emergência de controle condicional sobre a construção de sentenças em crianças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-28) TENÓRIO, Analu da Costa; BRINO, Ana Leda de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9930065472602966; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
This study searched for teaching conditions for produce and keep repertoire of sentences construction on the active and passive voice, under colors conditional control, in six children that have learning problems at school. The construction of four pairs of sentences (active and passive) under conditional control was taught as a baseline. Then there were repeated tests for emergence of conditional control on the construction of new sentences in active and passive voice, composed by recombinations of the baseline sentences. Finally, a maintenance performance test was applied 45 days after the end of the study. For each pair of sentence, three children were subjected to the training of sequence in the active order followed by the sequence in the passive order, and so on, and the other three children were subjected to the reverse training. All the children learned to construct the baseline sentences under conditional control, requiring more exposition on passive sentences training to reach the learning criteria. In the repeated tests for emergence of conditional control on the construction of new sentences, the number of correct constructions in the active (92,4%) was greater than in the passive (31%), regardless of the teaching order of sentences. In the maintenance test, the performance increased, with 78,9% correct in passive and 80,3% in active. In this study a better performance in the maintenance test was observed in relation to previous studies, suggesting that the training of greater number of baseline sentences is a favoring condition for maintenance of the repertoire.
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Emergência de relações auditivo-visuais via treino por CRMTS para crianças diagnosticadas com TEA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-10) CALADO, Jacqueline Iukisa Faustino; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Considering that people diagnosed with autism may have difficulties on auditory stimuli discrimination, making training with auditory specific consequences feasible may help on this repertoire acquisition. This study verified the emergence of auditory-visual control relations after visual-visual training through CRMTS with auditory consequences. Four children diagnosed with ASD with 12 Sentences Reading and Writing previous repertoire participated of this study. Auditory-visual relations with those sentences were tested during baseline (melodies or voices as sample stimuli for sentences construction). Then a visual-visual training was performed (animations as sample stimuli for construction of four from 12 sentences) with auditory consequences (melodies or voices). By the end of each training session, auditory consequences were presented as sample stimulus for 12 sentences construction. Two of four children showed a performance above 80% to auditory-visual relations. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of using CRMTS with auditory consequences for the emergence of auditoryvisual relations with people diagnosed with ASD. Also, they go forward by ensuring classes expansion using specific consequences, high cost responses and sentences.
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Emergência de relações numéricas em crianças surdas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-03) CARMO, Ruth Daisy Capistrano de Souza; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies focusing on the formation of ordinal classes have reported a number of experimental findings relevant to the comprehension of sequential stimulus relations. The aim of this investigation was to replicate previous findings obtained with normal children and adults (Study 1) using a training by chaining procedure in order to ascertain whether learning in deaf children could also be maintained under conditional control, using visual stimuli and chained motor responses (Study 2). In study 1, seven children with profound hearing impared degree, sign language naives, served as subjects. A programmed procedure was used to chain responses to three sets of stimuli: A = printed number names, B = numbers presented in Brazilian Sign Language and C = abstract forms in different quantities. The values assigned to the three stimulus categories varied from 1 to 6. In Study 2, five deaf children were subjected to the same teaching procedure, although with sequential variation. Each participant was to respond, in the presence of a green-colored stimuli, presented in a A1A2A3A4A5A6 sequence; and in the presence of a red-color stimuli in the 6A5A4A3A2A1 sequence. In both studies, after having responded correctly to each sequence, an animated figure appeared on the screen, and the experimenter praised each child with signed words signifying very good, correct, or great. When an incorrect response was emitted, the screen whitened for a second, and a new configuration of stimuli was presented randomly. The sessions were carried out in a classroom in a public school for hearing-impaired students. It was used a laptop computer with software designed to present the stimuli and record behavioral data. After each trial and a revised baseline for each response sequence, tests of transitivity and connectivity were administered in order to 16 evaluate the emergence of ordinal classes, in a non-adjacent paired stimulus array with substitutability. The results showed that the participants responded quickly in both studies. In conclusion, the procedure was efficient in facilitating the acquisition of numerical concepts, and showed that emergence of equivalent stimulus classes occurred outside the matching-tosample format in hearing-as well as deaf children.
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Equivalência de estímulos após a formação de classes seqüênciais com portadores de necessidades educativas especiais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-03) SAMPAIO, Maria Elizângela Carvalho; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Studies first realized on the UFPA Psychology Experimental Laboratory showed that the chaining trial was more efficient on the sequential classes formation demonstrating a better precision by the participants on the test that documented the ordinal relation properties, specially on the substitutability test. Based on this study and through a chaining procedure to form eight independent sequences with visual stimuli, it was looked to evaluate the effects of a trial history with usual stimuli and no usual ones, and if the emergent sequential classes members were also equivalents. Participated on this study three people with mental retardation, students from APAE (Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais). All of them were experimentally naïve. The experimental sections were realized in an APAE classroom, five times a week. It was used a computer with sensible touch screen that was specially created to this study. The procedure counted with trial and tests phases, and was divided in two conditions: in the Condition I it was used the answer chaining trial with four usual stimuli groups followed by the sequential test, no adjacent pair of stimuli tests, stimuli substitutability and equivalence test. In the Condition II it was used the same procedure used in Condition I with four new no usual stimuli groups. The results showed that the taught sequences presented an ordinarily relation properties during the stimuli substitutability tests. The participants were capable to form a new sequence by the two sequences independent trial, suggesting the sequential class emergency in both experimental conditions demonstrating that the usual stimuli could be exercised an ordinarily basic function, and had facilitated the sequential answer with the new stimuli. The equivalence relations emergency suggests also that the stimuli are functionally equivalents. These results make bigger anterior studies results to other population and empirically confirm what have being appointed by this subject literature.
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Equivalência monetária em crianças surdas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-01-15) MAGALHÃES, Priscila Giselli Silva; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
In the teaching of monetary skills the procedures of matching to sample (MTS) and constructed response matching to sample (CRMTS) have proven effective. However, there is a controversy about the importance of prerequisites. Experiment 1 aimed to investigate the effect of teaching on the monetary equivalence in deaf children with different mathematical repertoires. A total of ten children participated. They were enrolled in a specialized school for deaf students, where the sessions were carried out and were distributed in two groups: Children with greater mathematical repertoire (Group I) and children with lower mathematical repertoire (Group II). A computer was used with software (REL 5.3.3 for Windows). Initially, the participants were exposed to pre-test and a pre-training identity. Then, the teaching of conditional relations in MTS between monetary value in Brazilian Signal Language (LIBRAS) and decimal numerals (AB), monetary value in LIBRAS and figures of coins (AC) and the monetary value in LIBRAS and figures of paper money (AD), followed by tests of symmetry and transitivity. In both groups, there was emergence of relations for most of the participants. Also a CRMTS teaching figures of paper money and decimal numerals (DB') was conducted, followed by tests of symmetry and transitivity. In the tests there was variability in responses in both groups. Post-tests and maintenance tests showed consistent performance with training. Experiment 2 aimed to replicate the results of experiment 1 verifying that changes in procedure would produce monetary equivalence in deaf children. Three deaf children participated. The experimental environment, materials and equipment were the same of Experiment 1. The procedure was similar to that used in Experiment 1, but with the introduction of some experimental phases: 1) randomized trials in the training, teaching numerical components and pre-training CRMTS. Results indicate the emergence of relations for the three participants in MTS and the emergence of a few relations in CRMTS. In both experiments the complexity of the task was one of the possible explanations of the performance and the prerequisites not interfered with the learning of this type of task.
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Fatores que afetam a evasão na educação à distância no curso de administração
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-26) BENTES, Márcia Cristina Benigno; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Distance Education (DE) is a mode of operation in the teaching process that is characterized by: a) physical distance between teacher and student as well as temporal separation b) mediation by some technological feature (print, television, computer, etc.). c) flexibility of content, accented by the use of the internet, and d) the student be considered manager of learning itself, the latter being an advisor for the development of distance education activities first, but high dropout logged in ODL courses. The present study examined the factors that contribute to the evasion of the students of Directors in the form of distance education at a public university and a private, 60 college dropouts a public institution and a private 36 were invited to participate in the research through a pre-designed questionnaire that received by email to respond. The analysis was made on the categorization of items and made a comparative analysis of the percentages of these items presented in the questionnaire, indicated by dropout students as what led to circumvention for each institution (public and private).
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Identificação de controle restrito de estímulos e autismo:avaliação em tarefas de matching to sample com estímulos visuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-16) CALLOU, Isabella Cazuza; BORBA, Marilu Michelly Cruz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3874088862428314; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Restricted stimulus control is a phenomenon presented by several populations, among them children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders - ASD. Because these children depend on specific teaching procedures, early identification of the phenomenon can help to optimize their performance. Thus, the general objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of children diagnosed with ASD in different Model Pairings (MTS) tasks with visual stimuli and to verify the presence of restricted stimulus control. Six children with ASD participated in Study 1. The aim was to verify if these children would present restricted stimulus control in simultaneous identity MTS (SMTS) using syllables as stimuli. The children presented the phenomenon, despite an increase in the rate of correctness with the exposures and changes in the error pattern. In order to extend the test curriculum, it was carried out Study 2 which had the objective of identifying restricted control of stimuli in the performance of children with ASD in different tasks of MTS with more complex stimuli (figures and words). Three children were evaluated previously in Study 1. The data show that there was a predominant control of the figure and the vowel. The repercussions of these findings for teaching alternative forms of communication and procedures used in inclusive education environments are discussed.
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Probabilidade de emergência de classes ordinais após o ensino de relações numéricas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-07) NUNES, Ana Letícia de Moraes; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The equivalence paradigm has been useful in the explanation of complex behavioral processes like those involved in numeric conceptual behaviors. Several studies have looked for a comprehension of how performances under control of order are established and maintained. The purpose of the present study was to verify if ordinal classes could emerge following arbitrary matching to sample (AMTS) and sequence production. Three students with developmental disabilities participated of the study. The visual stimuli were abstract forms in different quantities (A), cardinal numbers (B), and written word in capital letters (C). The experimental sessions were conducted in a room of APAE-BELÉM and a software controlled and recorded the behavioral data. The AB/AC relations were trained and the emergence of three equivalence classes was tested. After the forward chaining procedure to teach one sequence (A1A2A3), the emergence of novel sequences was assessed (e. g. B1B2B3 and C1C2C3). Substitutability tests assessed the ordinal classes formation (e.g. A1B2C3). Generalization tests also were presented in order to verify if a response involving numerosity would occur with new stimuli. Results showed that the participants responded to novel sequences readily or with gradual emergence. The stimulus control topography analysis in that kind of task was helpful to the comprehension of the ordinal relations. All participants responded to sequences with new stimuli. The procedure was also effective in the transfer of ordinal functions in people with developmental disabilities.
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Procedimento de ensino e teste de leitura recombinativa para crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-10) PAIXÃO, Glenda Miranda da; OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8839751954613395; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of a conditional discrimination of syllables and phonological awareness activities on generalized recombined reading in children with Cerebral Palsy. Three students with Cerebral Palsy at the ages of 8, 9 and 12 years, assisted in the Center for Development in Assistive Technology and Accessibility – NEDETA participated. The procedure consisted of six phases: Phase I - Pre-training, Phase II - Pre-test, Phase III - Teaching, divided into two stages (auditory-visual discrimination of syllables; phonological awareness activities), Phase IV - test and teaching of arbitrary relations, Phase V - Equivalence relations tests, and Phase VI – New word reading test. A notebook computer with specific software, mouse and lifters adapted were used to collect data. The stimuli were syllables and dictated and printed words and figures. Graphic animations were used as social reinforcement. Responses that were different from the ones programmed produced a time-out of approximately 2 seconds. The results indicate that there was equivalence class formation by all participants. One participant presented reading with understanding to five new words and the other two participants read with understanding four new words. The need to develop more efficient learning procedures, providing and ensuring the maintenance of a learning without errors, and also the generalization of reading to natural environments of the child, was verified.
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Variáveis de controle sobre responder ordinal: revisitando estudos empíricos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-14) MICCIONE, Mariana Morais; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Conceptual remarks in Psychological explanation systems can be worked on by the search of the terms and defining conditions of a certain concept or phenomenon. Studies in conceptual analysis aim to verify which terms are not part of a concept, the correct application of an already existent concept, and in which contexts this concept can be applied. The aim to achieve the discrimination between classes of events and intra-class generalization. The acquisition and maintaince of behavioral chains has received the name of chaining, referring to a succession of responses in which one response produces the stimuli conditions to the next response. In can be assessed that a great part the repertoire of organisms seems to occur organized in sequence, in a continuous succession. Ordinal behavior has been studied through the examination of the effect of different variables. However, the operant literature has presented different terms to refer to the continuous flux and the succession of responses. This research had the proposal to investigate the logical behavior of some concepts about ordinal behavior by investigating the level of instrumentality through the specifications of controlling variables of procedures applied in the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. By the means of some keywords, the bibliographical material was searched in data-banks of scientific journals and books of the area. Following this, the papers were divided in six different groups, according to similarities in their titles and abstracts. At last, they were analyzed with a distinction towards the major variables in each type of procedure. 82 papers were selected; 14 national articles, 65 foreign articles, and 3 book chapters, being one national and two foreign. The descriptive analysis of the research showed that in groups 2, 5 and 6 it was possible to access information common to all studies. Besides that, it was verified that the behavior-analytical model of response chains seemed to be present in the studies of the first four groups. Therefore, the verification of the procedural variations present in the experiments made the organization and delimitation of variables involved in studies on ordinal responding possible. Such information can function as a parameter of experimental control in the development of future studies, as well as subsidize investigations that aim to verify the effects of procedural variations inside a same group over the performance found in the results of the studies. Besides, was noticed that the use of one term can be defined by the context wich knowledge is produced, because the sources of the scientific term are results of complexity of one social context that produce changes in way to see a certain study object.

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