Dissertações em Biodiversidade e Conservação (Mestrado) - PPGBC/Altamira

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9261

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2014 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação (PPGBC) do Campus Universitário de Abaetetuba da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Espécies arbóreas presentes na zona urbana de Altamira - Pará: índices espaciais e diversidade florística
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-28) FEIO, Elnatan Ferreira; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-3655-4166; HERRERA, Raírys Cravo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2153779197306503; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-8359
In recent decades, the interest in studying the urbanization process in cities has become an extremely important subject, since this phenomenon is not planned. Disregarding regional differences, it becomes very distant to design more sustainable cities. One of the ways to achieve this sustainability is by promoting actions that encourage the insertion of afforestation achieving positive effects, such as the alleviation of the heat resulting from asphalting and the implementation of urban spaces. Thus, the promotion of afforestation in cities is one of the ways to minimize the adverse effects of climate in cities and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants. This work was carried out at the headquarters of the municipality of Altamira, located in the southwest region of Pará state. It was performed in three stages: (i) mapping of tree planting from manual vectorization to generate a cloud of points that enabled the analysis through the application of Kernel Density Statistics of the spatial distribution of tree species using calculation of environmental parameters for estimative, such as Vegetation Coverage Index (CVI) and Percentage of Vegetation Coverage (PCV); (ii) acquisition of remote sensing images with low cloudiness during the dry season, referring to the years 2011 and 2021 from the Satellites Landsat 5 Sensor TM and Landsat 8 Sensor Tirs, respectively, with images acquired on National Institute for Space Research (INPE) website; and (iii) survey of tree census in three neighborhoods of the city based on the largest coverage indices calculated in the first stage of the research to determine the Shannon-Weaver, Simpson, and Pielou Equability Indices. It was observed that the distribution of afforestation in Altamira is very variable and deficient, where most of the city's neighborhoods have a tree density deficit. The central neighborhoods are the most consolidated and have the highest densities of individuals. The PCV was 0.49% and the ICVH was 1.72 m² of canopy/inhabitant. Values under recommended by the United Nations Organization - UN and the Brazilian Society of Urban Arborization - SBAU. For the year 2011, the terrestrial thermal conditions in the city of Altamira varied between a minimum of 23.97°C and a maximum of 34.80°C, maintaining a constant around 32°C in the urbanized area, out of line with the maximum temperature 34°C was registered in a few points of the city, with an average temperature of 32.09°C at Centro neighborhood. In 2021, the temperature in Altamira reached a minimum of 23.35°C and a maximum of 33.89°C. The result of calculating the indices for the Premem, Jardim Uirapuru and Esplanada do Xingu neighborhoods showed the following values, respectively: a) Shannon-Weaver diversity (H'): 1.73, 1.81, 2.28; b) Pielou equability (J'): 0.65, 0.57, 0.72, and c) Simpson (C): 0.69, 0.71, 0.85, respectively. Qualitative analysis indicated that the higher the value of C, the lower the diversity of species, therefore, the highest distributed diversity is found in the Premem neighborhood. For the quantitative analysis, 793 tree individuals were cataloged, divided into 61 species, belonging to 40 botanical families which was found that 68% are exotic species and 32% are native. It is observed that the arrangement of the spatial distribution of urban trees did not follow the growth of the urban fabric, allowing the emergence of areas with low tree density which ended up in the urgency of a policy elaboration that contemplates green areas in our city, in order to humanizing roads and public areas and contributing to the regulation of the microclimate in Altamira, with positive effects on the well-being of the population and those who transit through here. Thus, this study has the necessary attributes to support urban planning in actions aimed at promoting comfort and the future attenuation of thermal sensation events, valuing the planting of native species to the detriment of exotic ones.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Germinação após alagamento, fenologia, morfologia e bioquímica de sementes de Campsiandra angustifolia Spruce Ex Beth
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-28) FONTENELE, Milena Gomes; HERRERA, Raírys Cravo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2153779197306503; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-8359
Periodic flooding, a characteristic of Amazonian riparian forests, plays a central role in the ecological dynamics of these environments, but also poses challenges for plant species. The study involved the manual collection of Campsiandra angustifolia Spruce ex Beth fruits from 10 mother trees located on the banks of the Xingu River in Altamira. After the fruits had naturally opened, the seeds were evaluated for their characteristics, including measurements of length, width, thickness and weight. The water content of the seeds was also determined and biochemical analyses were performed, such as the quantification of proteins, amino acids and soluble carbohydrates. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate seed germination under flooding conditions, the floating time and post-flooding germination, with different flooding periods. The seeds were characterized as large, flat, dark brown in color and smooth in texture. In terms of size, they are on average 45.16 mm long, 52.02 mm wide, 7.70 mm thick and weigh 6.82 g. The seeds present an average of 17.6164 mg PRT/gDM for total soluble proteins. Among the protein fractions, glutelins presented the highest concentration, followed by prolamins, albumins and globulins. Total soluble amino acids presented a concentration of 65.5260 mg AA/gDM. As for sugars, the values of total soluble sugars (AST) and reducing sugars (RS) were 66.0156 mg AST/gDM and 61.9131 mg RS/gDM, respectively. Although all the seeds initially floated and later sank in the water, the environment did not provide the necessary conditions for germination. However, the results indicated that C. angustifolia seeds have a high germination capacity after short periods of flooding (15, 30 and 45 days). However, in longer periods of flooding (60, 75 and 90 days), germination was progressively reduced. The absence of significant effects of flooding on seedling growth variables indicated that, once germinated, they can develop relatively uniformly under different initial flooding conditions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Micropropagação de espécies lenhosas nativas: análise cienciométrica e perspectivas para a conservação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-30) SILVA, Gabriel Alves de Souza da; ROCHA, Tainá Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7483048741747967; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-6842-2945; HERRERA, Raírys Cravo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2153779197306503; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2153779197306503
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sobrevivência e crescimento inicial de espécies nativas em plantio de enriquecimento em área de recomposição florestal da UHE de Belo Monte
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-17) SOUZA, Onassis de Pablo Santos de; HERRERA, Raírys Cravo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2153779197306503; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-8359

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