Teses em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (Doutorado) - PPGDSTU/NAEA
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2297
O Doutorado Acadêmico em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). O Doutorado em Ciências – Desenvolvimento Socioambiental iniciou em 1994, absorvendo o debate crítico de ponta na época nos temas sobre desenvolvimento, planejamento e questões ambientais.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Diversidade e estilos de agricultura: uma análise a partir de dois assentamentos, induzido e tradicional, no Estado do Amapá(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-05) MARINI, Jose Adriano; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829There is a duality in agricultural settlements of the State of Amapá. On one side are seated with little or no tradition in agriculture, allocated by public agencies in areas of native forests distant regional centers of consumers. Are the settlements induced by social demands. On the other side are the traditional family farmers, whose families live in areas colonized since the colonial period. Here, the actions of INCRA is summarized demarcating land already occupied. The land use in the induced settlements follows the current model in the rest of the state. After the extraction of timber and firewood production, the remains are burned. Follow the "fields" of cassava, economic base of all properties. The research problem is presented as a need to identify and understand the social and environmental phenomena associated with poor socioeconomic development of induced settlers, whose main symptom is severe impoverishment and subsequent evasion of lots. The reference point of this analysis are the family farmers of induced rural settlements in the State of Amapá, their agricultural practices and their interactions with the environment in which they live, as opposed having the traditional settlements of the State of Amapá. Tacit knowledge acquired and improved over successive generations in Traditional Settlements led to the practice of production systems in harmony with the local environment, preventing soil degradation and taking advantage of natural conditions of soil fertilization. The lack of this, coupled with the lack of collective learning experiences, questions the continuity of agriculture induced settlements in the State of Amapá.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Limites e condicionantes à expansão da soja em Mato Grosso e no complexo MAPITOBA: uma abordagem utilizando econometria espacial(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-12) PESSOA, Ruben Eurico da Cunha; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829This thesis aims to analyze the determining factors of soybean expansion in Mato Grosso and MAPITOBA complex. It was found that a relationship exists spatial dependence inside producers mesoregion. The spatial dependence is represented by the attempt agglomeration of polygons (soy municipalities producers) around one or more attributes that makes that particular region. This is possible in the case of soybeans, when conditioning factors necessary for production are present, namely: a) Soil and relief; b) Requirements climate like water, light and temperature; c) Infrastructure and logistics for delivery of inputs and pesticides, as well as the run off of production; and d) Financing of production. In the presence of these conditioning factors is possible the expansion of soybean production. Soybean producers states such as Mato Grosso and those belonging to the conglomerate MAPITOBA hold about 48,8 million hectares of savanna coverage in his clenched, which corresponds to 64.55% of the quoted physiognomy of the entire biome. Thus, there remain 26,8 million hectares (35,45%) of this type of coverage that can sustain the growth of the planted area in the coming years. Corroborating the possibility of expansion were estimated coefficients of elasticity of the largest soybean producing that unity through spatial econometric models. The water availability in the Cerrado is dependent on the large amount of water vapor formed in the Amazon Biome. The intensive use of irrigation by means of pivots in crops, expansion of biodiesel production from oil certainly will raise the demand for water resources in any production region and can compromise the water supply to users and their multiple uses in agriculture if there is no efficient resource management in river basins of the Cerrado. In the medium term, agribusiness depends on water availability in the Cerrado and the Amazon ecosystem services for the cultivation of soy and its expansion in the producers regions.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Passivo ambiental de nutrientes e matéria orgânica na agricultura empresarial de Mato Grosso(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-24) GOMES, Vallência Maíra; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829The intensive exploitation of soils of Mato Grosso-Brazil savanna, associated with inadequate farming techniques has taken to an increasing and noticeable soil degradation. As a result, grows among the large farmers of Mato Grosso the adoption of the no-tillage system. The environmental chemistry and agronomy allied to ecological economics and environmental management provide the interdisciplinary basis of this study, which aims to estimate the environmental liability of nutrients and organic matter of the soil in the mato-grossense savanna from the perspective of the economic viability of different soil management systems. After the identification of areas in which the environmental costs were or were not incorporated, was made the economic-financial feasibility analysis, considering the different types of management. The results point to a segmented reduction of environmental liabilities in areas where no-till farm system is adopted. However, in the short term, higher profitabilities is still combined with less sustainable traditional management techniques. However, other externalities are still associated of the no-tillage not addressed in this study, such as more intensive use of herbicides and insecticides, which may compromise its environmental results.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Produção familiar de commodities em Mato Grosso(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-18) RODRIGUES, Marcos; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829Soybean is the most important Brazilian agricultural product, highlighting Mato Grosso as the largest national production of this commodity. This activity in Mato Grosso has some characteristics as predominance of large farms, high capital investment, high productivity and strong coordination among the agents of the productive chain. Although historically these characteristics have excluded family farmers from soybean production, it is possible to identify these farmers in the rural area of Mato Grosso, raising the question of how they are able to overcome the limiting conditions for soybeans production. This study aimed to analyze the mechanisms of insertion of family farmers in North of Mato Grosso in the soybean supply chain. A questionnaire was applied with small family farmers in six municipalities in Mato Grosso to gather information about production, profitability and institutional practices. With an exploratory factorial analysis, it was possible to identify the factors that correlate institutional practices, also was performed the Productive Technological Index of Family Agriculture (ITPAF) with the factors scores, which analyzed the variables that most interfere in the technological adoption and profitability of the family farming soybean production. The results demonstrated that the economic viability of soybean production in small family farms is achieved with institutional practices that complement the technical improvements technologies. The presence of two markets, one for trading used machinery between farmers and other of contract services of harvesting, allows the reduction of investment in an essential machinery in soybean production, the harvester. Other mechanisms such as Rural Product Certificate (CPR), contracts of future sale and commercialization of soybean to the biodiesel program help the viability of production by providing credit, reducing exposure to risk and adding new markets for soybean negotiation. ITPAF has shown that farmers have moderate adoption to institutional innovations, requiring the diffusion of knowledge in supply chain, mainly with public policies of rural extension. Within family production, although economies of scale still influence the production of commodities, in general small farms can develop the commodity production and provide income to families. Identify institutional mechanisms that contribute to the production of soybean in family farming allows them to be disseminated and improved in the institutional environment, through public policies, consequently promoting rural development.