Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia e Antropologia - PPGSA/IFCH

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6622

O Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia e Antropologia (PPGSA) é vinculado ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e foi aprovado pela CAPES no ano de 2002, ainda com o nome de Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais. Iniciou suas atividades no primeiro semestre de 2003, com o funcionamento da primeira turma de Doutorado. Atualmente o Programa oferece também curso de Mestrado Acadêmico.

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Agarrada nos jogos de identidade quilombola: representatividade, conflitos e resistência no Arquipélago do Marajó
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-05) SANTOS, Paulo Henrique Santos dos; ZAMPARONI, Valdemir Donizette; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9786959916347562; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366
This study addresses Agarrada, a traditional wrestling practice featured in the Quilombola Identity Games in the Marajó Archipelago, focusing on the communities of Salvaterra, Pará. The work explores how this practice, beyond its playful and competitive aspects, serves as a space for identity reaffirmation, as well as symbolic and political resistance. Agarrada, deeply integrated into the daily lives of the quilombola people, is analyzed from different perspectives, ranging from its symbolic value to the tensions and narrative disputes surrounding it. The research also investigates the land and territorial conflicts faced by the quilombola communities, relating them to the practice of Agarrada, which becomes a reflection of ongoing political and social struggles. The methodology includes interviews with quilombola leaders, participant observations during the games, and documentary analysis, highlighting the importance of Agarrada not only from a sporting perspective but as a symbol of resistance and community mobilization. The study concludes that the quilombola struggle transcends the realm of physical competition, representing a form of resistance against exclusion and the erasure of the ancestral heritage of Salvaterra's quilombola communities.
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Arena pública, dominação e resistência em um território amazônico: o fórum de desenvolvimento sustentável das ilhas de Belém-PA (2006-2020)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-11-24) LOPES, João Luiz da Silva; TEISSERENC, Maria José da Silva Aquino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799861202638255
This study discusses the way in which island riverside communities in the cities of Belém and Acará, state of Pará-Brazil, mobilized and participated in the Public Arena / Forum of Sustainable Development of the Islands, to claim their rights regarding health, education, sanitation, water supply, public security, electric / solar energy, income generation and overcome its invisibility. To analyze this problem, was adopted as a framework for analysis the sociological approach to collective action by Daniel Cefaï, Veiga and Mota (2011), which privileges the local situations that are at the origin of the constitution of public arenas. The study requires a descriptive qualitative approach in which the collection of information / data was carried out through informal conversation; participant observation in events such as: meetings, deliveries of food baskets, toys and school supplies, visits and collective initiatives; documents research (project, plans, reports and meeting minutes); and open interviews with active people from the island riverside communities, the government, religious institutions, NGOs of research and extension. The results indicate that in a territorial context historically marked by clientelistic socio-political relations, it is reasonable to consider this experience of participation and mobilization as an important event, which constitutes political education, with the necessary learning towards the inclusion of this subordinated segment in the decision-making process regarding public policies of their interest. This mobilization benefited from the essential support of technicians from public agencies, specialists from universities and politicians from the progressive field to encourage the complaint against injustices inherited from colonization, maintained and updated by the domination system, with perverse effects impregnated in the set of relations with the active people of the local power system - what is called coloniality. The mobilization faced resistance from a certain conception that it sees as island riverside communities as backward and doomed to disappear. The strategies of the riverside people have contributed to the politicization of local challenges, but have been limited by several elements, such as the absence of an innovative legal apparatus, disregard for the unequal conditions of participation, the use of inadequate methodologies, the lack of appreciation of the work of translators / mediators, the lack of recognition of the subject's diversity of ontologies, an incomprehension of the different cosmologies and epistemologies, factors that worked as barriers to mobilize and also question the traditional domination system on which local power is based.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Braz é (e) quem ‘a faz’: paisagens de poder, experiências e apropriações na avenida Braz de Aguiar, em Belém (PA), Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-31) OLIVEIRA, Enderson Geraldo de Souza; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
In this research, I observe some subjects' experiences on Avenida Braz de Aguiar, in the neighborhood of Nazaré, which is considered destined for the middle bands of Belém do Pará, Amazon. Taking into account that landscapes are procedural constructions (SANSOT, 1983; SILVEIRA, 2004; ECKERT, 2009; ECKERT and ROCHA, 2013), I paid attention mainly to the establishment of “power landscapes” (ZUKIN, 1996), which are attractions and / or are consistent with the subjects' practices. Such powers, especially the economic one, are expressed by habitus (BOURDIEU, 1983), perceptible throughout Ethnography of Street (ECKERT and ROCHA, 2013) and Ethnography of Duration (ECKERT and ROCHA, 2013). At the street, services were and still are aimed for financially privileged layer of the city, with greater purchasing power and status, something fundamental in building and maintaining a certain “distinction” in the context of Belen. Braz, then, becomes a “socially hierarchical geographic space” (BOURDIEU, 2007), in which leisure (VEBLEN, 1965) seems to be more achievable, but not for everyone. Together, this points out to the establishment of specific processes of sociability and sociation (SIMMEL, 1983) in the urban world of Belen, in which it is also necessary to discuss the “aristocratic” way in which some individuals adhere/(re)create such contemporary urban physiognomy and how the avenue is referred to and represented on social media.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Castanhal: a “cidade modelo”, os caminhos e descaminhos do projeto de desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-20) CRUZ, Laiane Helena Silva da; MOURA, Edila Arnaud Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2154370107837866; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0093-8464
Inspired by developmentalism ideas, the Brazilian government implemented several public policies during the second half of the last century intending to promote economic growth, fueled mainly by industrialization. After the 1964 coup d’état, to integrate the Amazon region to the rest of the country, the government adopted several public policies such as road construction and generous tax incentives. This region, which was seen as an empty space by the State, began to attract thousands of migrants in search of plots of land. Thus, the goal of this dissertation is to assess the role of the State in the municipality of Castanhal within a political scenario driven by the ideology of development. The city of Castanhal, located in the state of Pará, is analyzed considering three different periods: its creation associated with the construction of the railway station of Bragança-PA, the revitalization of its downtown, and the creation of the Cupiúba rural settlement. This study was carried out based on bibliographic research and literature review about the history of Castanhal and its surrounding area (Bragantina region), as well as on socio-demographic, economic, and agricultural indicators collected from the following databases: SIDRA and Atlas Brasil. The results indicate that Castanhal stands out positively among the other municipalities that were crossed by the Bragança railway due to a set of investments the city received during the analyzed periods. On the other hand, concerning the social reproduction of farmers in rural settlements, there are still many challenges that need to be overcome. The State’s neglect, to which they are subjected, and the creation of the Cupiúba settlement as a palliative measure in response to their land occupation reveal how familiar farming is devalued by public authorities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Construção naval artesanal e a metamorfose do trabalho, capital na Amazônia: um estudo sobre construtores de embarcações de madeira em Igarapé-Miri (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-03) CORRÊA, Edson de Jesus Antunes; FURTADO, Lourdes de Fátima Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366
Case study about the traditional activity of Handicraft Boatbuilding of "wooden boat builders" from Igarapé-Miri municipality, Pará State and the metamorphosis of the work, capital in Amazon. The objective is to investigate the transformations in way of living and social reproduction of these workers in the context of surrounding society, compared to progressive incorporation of emergent technologies in production of multiple use boats in global market, identifying the forms of maintenance and social reproduction of this means of traditional knowledge, which, since its origin until nowadays, sustain hundreds of people occupied with this economical, social and cultural activity in Pará. This activity shows in its functional structure three segments: the naval carpenter, the caulker and the naval painter, and the hierarchical structure of work is composed by the master craftsman, professional craftsman and the apprentice. The master craftsmen are the center of work, they're the coordinators and owners of crafting shipyards, detainers of tacit intellectual assets passed from each generation to the next they manage to maintain their families in the most adverse situations due to the payment of the activity belonging to the family, and they have the social commitment of sustaining them. In this aspect, it can be seen in the last years the increasing concentration of boat production for manufacturing of rabeta and rabetão motorboat types as well as the insertion of commercialization and production of welded aluminum boats of the same model in Igarapé-Miri town. This generated changes that affected relations of production, income and job offering in crafting shipyards directly, modifying and adapting progressively the way of living and social reproduction of craft builders. The research adopted the methodological pattern of the experiences of case studies, utilizing methodological procedures of different genres in a strategically quantitative and qualitative research in which the ethnographical method permeates the entire analysis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Curt Nimuendajú e as narrativas míticas tembé: Revisitando uma produção etnográfica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-04) SANTOS, Glaucia Silva dos; MORAES JÚNIOR, Manoel Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2429279552706202; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-7671
Revisiting an ethnography by Curt Nimuendajú that integrates a repertoire of mythical narratives of the Tembé Tenetehara indigenous group constitutes the research base of this dissertation. The ethnographer Curt Nimuendajú, a German who migrated to Brazil in 1903 and became, over forty years, an expert connoisseur of indigenous groups, published in 1915 in the Zeitschrift für Ethnologie the text Sagen der Tembé-Indianer (Pará und Maranhão) in which he gathered ten mythical narratives of the Tembé Tenetehara. In this way, the present dissertation proposed to know about the context and the methodological orientations that allowed the production of such ethnography at the beginning of the 20th century. Thus, the research followed a biographical perspective of Curt Nimuendajú, which helped to visualize the course of his initial training in the field of study on indigenous populations, allowing to know the context of the ethnographic encounter with the Tembé Tenetehara in two moments, the first being in the mediations of the SPILTN's indigenist policies in the Gurupi River region, and the second in the dependencies of the religious mission of the Lombard Capuchins in the Pará municipality of Igarapé-Açú. In both contexts, Nimuendajú's ethnographic agenda focused on knowledge of the Tembé language and cosmology, research endeavors that were in line with the guidelines of German ethnology in vogue at the time through salvage ethnography, which he knows from the works of the German Americanists who are referenced in their ethnographies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dendeicultura em Igarapé-Açu/Pará: um olhar sobre as relações de trabalho que tipificam o trabalhador rural na Agroindustrial Palmasa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) CARDOSO, Marlon Kauã Silva; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659
The objective of this research was to analyze the work relationships that characterize rural workers in the palm oil agroindustry in Igarapé-Açu, notably analyzing Agroindustrial Palmasa. The palm oil agroindustry, at a macropolitical level, was territorialized in the northeast of Pará through state developmental actions in civil-military governments in the 1960s, planned by the Superintendence for Economic Valorization of the Amazon (SPVEA) and the Superintendency for the Development of the Amazon (SUDAM), and, it has a new impulse with the neo-developmentalism of the 2000s, associated with sustainable development, through the National Biodiesel Production Program (PNPB) and the Sustainable Palm Oil Program (PSOP). These led to integration projects, to obtain the Social Fuel Seal (SCS), between palm oil producers and family farmers in municipalities in the northeast of Pará. Through qualitative methodology, combining interview, bibliographic and quantitative data, we verified that the most recent public policies did not cover the economic activities of Agroindustrial Palmasa, in Igarapé-Açu. In the region, contracts predominate, but only for purchase and sale, an associative relationship, between medium/large rural palm oil producers and the company itself. In this way, direct relations between classes gravitate between medium/large farmers and farm workers responsible for working on the farms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“O desvio no olhar”: o fenômeno da invisibilidade social das pessoas em situação de rua no espaço urbano de Belém.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-06) RODRIGUES, Flávia Pingarilho; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659
Social invisibility is described as a phenomenon of denial about the existence of an individual through a stigma, a prejudice: it exists physically, however it does not exist socially. Thus, as it is not being seen as part of society, he cannot be considered a citizen, thus enjoying his rights. The research aims to investigate, from the sociological point of view (BOURDIEU, 2002; SENNETT, 2004; HONNETH, 2006; SOUZA, 2003), how social invisibility happens and how a homeless person is socially “erased” to the point of not having documentation that guarantee their well-being in the midst of public space. The Ver-o-Peso Market region, in Belém do Pará, is the research location. It is an environment of intense commercialization and tourism, in which a significant portion of these homeless people transit. The methodology will be qualitative, involving informal and semi-structured interviews with homeless people, local marketers and volunteers from the Sopão – a charity group; survey of quantitative data and bibliography to analise the case study on the theme of social invisibility in the city of Belém. Invisibility, as well as visibility, are ramifications of the same root, since the decision of what is or is not socially visible is established depending on what society, called here as normative, establishes in what is desirable to exist or not, when the the presence of the different offers threats to this society, ranging from: simple visual discomfort to the denial of the right to exist of an individual in public urban space, thus coerced through symbolic and physical violence.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diálogos com a metrópole: um estudo antropológico sobre moradores da ilha do Maracujá em relação de proximidade com Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-01-31) BASSALO, Terezinha de Fátima Ribeiro; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
This thesis shows the results of an ethnographical research did with the locals of the Maracujá island, focusing on their proximity to Belém City and having as locus an area that begins in the Açaí Port, located in the Jurunas District in Belem and goes up to the Maracujá island, enphasizing in this relation aspects concerning the daily movement between the banks. The approach of the research develops the notions of flow and border, pointing out also the fixity in the home place. Both, fixity and movement are embodied in everyday life, observed in the corporality that mediates the dialogue- while complex game - between the banks.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmicas divergentes em zonas de produção para a exportação: os caminhos de Brasil e China.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04-29) AMARAL, Francinézio Lima do; SILVA, Carlos Freire da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7489756177996098; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-0202-8678; CHAVES, Andréa Bittencourt Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2807941293114021; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-9265
This thesis analyzes the process of hegemonization of the concept of economic development within Western imperialist capitalism, focusing on its impositions of economic and political subalternization that have impacted the attitudes and decisions of policymakers in the governments of Brazil and China. These influences are reflected in the construction of their planning and action instruments, particularly in relation to the dynamics of their export production zones as regional development policies, within a context of crisis in the hegemony of power in the current geopolitical scenario. Subsequently, the thesis examines the legacies of socioeconomic development of the Manaus Free Trade Zone (ZFM) and the Strategic Economic Zones (ZEEs), aiming to reflect on the paths each has taken up to the present day. It seeks to draw attention to the urgent need to restore the centrality of debates in the Social Sciences regarding the roles of the concepts of State, development, subalternization, and hegemony in the current geopolitical context, in light of the structural crisis of capitalism. By comparing unequal objects, the thesis highlights the historical, economic, political, and social factors that bring them closer together, thereby revealing causes, effects, and learning opportunities that may contribute to the search for alternatives to the challenges and demands faced by nation-building projects in the Global South.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A doença do petróleo: extração petroleira na comunidade achuar nuevo Jerusalén no rio corrientes na Amazõnia Peruana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-11) PALACIOS, Cynthia Cárdenas; LÓPEZ-GARCÉS, Claudia Leonor; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5655397771707702; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-0152
In the Northern Peruvian Amazon, near the border with Ecuador lives the Achuar people. More than forty years ago this indigenous group coexists with oil extraction, product of concession policies for the exploitation of hydrocarbons promoted throughout the Amazon by several governments. This research looks into the perceptions, actions and dynamics of the Achuar of the community of Nuevo Jerusalem, whose territory is superimposed by Lot 192. Based on the particular experiences of leaders and some community members, especially young girls and boys, I study the way in which the Achuar perceive and build their relationship with their territory. This approach privileges the point of view of the Achuar themselves. I argue that despite the changes in their territory, mainly due to environmental and social pollution, poor implementation of extractive oil activities and poor environmental regulations, the relationship that this indigenous group establishes with its territory is strong, and bounded both by their epistemology and oil extraction. I study the way in which the Achuar learn to relate to their territory, a territory that is inhabited by other beings besides humans and that can no longer offer them everything necessary to guarantee their livelihood.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Em todo tempo mulher foi tapete”: a escrevivência de um corpo rebarbado sobre as relações assimétricas de gênero na Assembleia de Deus em Boa Esperança - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-19) COSTA, Thaís de Oliveira; BUENO, Michele Escoura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3126701924384242
This text summarizes part of the results of the research I have been developing since 2018 and focuses on discussions regarding women's leadership in the evangelical church Assembly of God. The institution, founded in 1911, in Belém do Pará, over the years spread to other states outside the Amazon of Pará and is currently present in all Brazilian states. Starting from a colonialist bias, the church built its hierarchy on the sacralization of gender inequality, reserving subservient roles for women, especially black women, and not allowing them to ascend in the ecclesiastical hierarchy. This factor endorses the androcentric stance of the church which, in its 110 years of founding, never consecrated women to positions of ecclesiastical leadership, even though it had a woman as a pioneer in the founding of the church and a majority black female audience. Seeking to develop writing skills, as proposed by Conceição Evaristo, I defined as an “ethnographic research field” the Christian community of which I am a “deviant member”, whose headquarters are in Boa Esperança, in the rural area of the municipality of Santarém, in the west of Pará. More specifically, the work developed through dialogue between the researcher and the members of the Prayer Circle. In short, this text is about how the structures of oppression that act on women's bodies and their subjectivities operate within the church.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre Quilombos: circuitos de Festas de Santo e a construção de alianças políticas entre as Comunidades Quilombolas de Salvaterra - Marajó - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-26) LIMA FILHO, Petrônio Medeiros; CARDOSO, Luis Fernando Cardoso e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9240601863315295; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-1498
This study is an interpretation of the associations involving holy parties and political alliances between maroon communities located in the municipality of Salvaterra - Marajó - Para, based on ethnographic research conducted in maroon community of Bacabal. These maroon communities are: Salvá, Mangueiras, Caldeirão, Bairro Alto, Pau Furado, Bacabal, Santa Luzia, Providencia, Deus Ajude, São Benedito da Ponta, Siricari, Boa Vista, Paixão, União/Campina and Rosário they have in common besides conducting and participating in some of the other parties, also the fact they are the same self-defined remaining quilombo communities and are fighting for recognition and titling of their territories. To interpret the relationships between parties and political alliances, the study takes the gift paradigm or paradigm of the alliance and the association proposed by Alain Caille (2002) as the main theoretical framework. The parties in this study are interpreted as gifts that move between communities to create stronger bonds, bonds of trust and loyalty, and political alliances between them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Espaços da morte na vida vivida e suas sociabilidades no cemitério Santa Izabel em Belém-Pa: etnografia urbana e das emoções numa cidade cemiterial.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-27) RODRIGUES, Elisa Gonçalves; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
Death permeates several fields of human experience in physical and imaginary terms, therefore, individual, collective and social. Such a construction surrounds the subjects, their relationships and social markers, as well as the social position in which certain individuals occupy, in this case, arranged in what I call the cemetery city. Therefore, this dissertation aims to identify how the emotions and experiences, experienced and reported, mostly by workers and passers-by of this cemetery city, embody, impact and influence their daily lives, working with and for death. Through the perspectives produced with workers, passers-by and users of Campo Santo, through an ethnography in the urban cemetery context, anchored in the three anthropological dimensions that interest me most directly - Emotions, Urban and Death -, I walked through the streets of the cities of the living and the dead considering their broader sensoriality (evoked by the sensitive, the imaginary and the rites), under listening and participant observation in the routine of the collective dates of strong symbolic reverberation of/in the Santa Izabel Cemetery. Through wandering through the cemetery streets I realized that those who circulate within the necropolis experience death in a joint experience with life in perspective of interaction with death. At burials, at symbolic-collective dates, and at other times referred to in this research, I noticed the ambience of the place that the city of the dead occupies in the city of the living, and reciprocally. In view of this, the research in question, through ethnography focused on the sensitive in the cemetery context, anthropoetry and street ethnography, opens space for reflections that consider the look of the subjects who handle death and understand it as a place in their lives, whether at work or outside of it, and thus dimension the borders that touch the day-to-day life of the necropolis, which reach beyond the limits of the Amazonian cemetery city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Essa casa não é do INCRA, essa casa é minha”: efeitos funcionais e simbólicos do crédito habitacional em uma Resex marinha da Amazônia.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-01) ALVES, Débora Melo; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659
The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the implementation of the Housing Credit of the II National Program for Agrarian Reform (II PNRA) in the Caeté-Taperaçu Marine Extractive Reserve (REMCT), which enabled the construction of housing for a portion of the population. REMCT is located in the municipality of Bragança, and it is a territory where fishermen and crab catchers live. This analysis seeks to identify how the local dynamic affects and modifies the functional propositions of housing, which is also constituted by its symbolic dimension, which is inscribed in the life history of the actors and in the way of living in a Resex; and, if the housing policy in question enabled gains in the quality of life of those contemplated by it. The methodology used is predominantly qualitative, based on a bibliographical review, on the analysis of interviews with REMCT residents, leaders and technicians, and on minutes and official documents. Quantitative data collected on official bases are used in a complementary way, with a view to emphasizing the main issues highlighted in the interviews. With regard to the theoretical field, I start from the perspective of sociology that makes it possible to analyze the relations between State and society, highlighting the importance of actors, processes and structures, with emphasis on the social dimension (CORTÊS and LIMA, 2012), and through this approach allow to refine the understanding of the role of social groups, whose interactions have powers to influence the strategies, projects and results of public policies (LASCOUMES and LE GALÈS, 2012). The results have shown that the II PNRA Housing Credit policy has the potential to reduce inequalities, because the construction of housing for impoverished populations provides a roof over which to live and brings functional structures such as bedrooms, living room, kitchen, bathroom and water. piped, capable of providing more quality of life. On the other hand, the public policy in question did not consider regional or environmental aspects, and as it is a type of Conservation Unit, the implementation of the policy should dialogue with the issue of sustainability of the territory, also considering the participation of local populations in the construction and implementation of the housing policy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégias de permanência de indígenas estudantes na Universidade Federal do Pará: desafios e resistência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-23) ARAYA, Ignacio Gabriel San Martin; CAÑETE, Voyner Ravena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9961199993740323; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-3086
The Federal University of Pará/UFPA UFPA is known as one of the public institutions that receives the most indigenous and quilombola students through the Special Selection Process- IQ. However, although it is recognized as one of the pioneers in reserving vacancies for indigenous students, according to the report presented at the IQ Seminar, a significant number of dropouts are observed in the courses. Therefore, this dissertation aims to identify and describe the resistance strategies for the permanence of indigenous students at UFPA. To achieve this objective, during the field research, between 2021 and 2023, the theoretical and methodological assumptions of multisited and digital ethnography, visual anthropology, and biographical approach were used. This research presents the narratives of life trajectory and struggle of indigenous students, as well as the tools created from the pressure exerted by these students. As conclusions, it is concluded that although the university reserves vacancies for indigenous students at UFPA, there is still a long way to go to combat the existing racism in the institution, as well as to improve and expand policies for the permanence of indigenous people in the university. Challenges faced by them were observed, such as adaptation to academic writing, change of city and quality of life, as well as facing racism. This research concludes by pointing out two issues: first, the processes of transformation in the university are due to pressures exerted by the indigenous students themselves, who are part of the Association of Indigenous Peoples Students of the Federal University of Pará, as well as actions taken in conjunction with professors; in this sense, UFPA needs to create an effective institutional policy against the evasion of indigenous students, through the expansion of the number of permanent assistance and housing scholarships, for example.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A fabricalização do trabalho docente nas instituições de ensino superior privadas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-27) SOARES NETO, Edson Paiva; SANTOS, Terezinha Fátima Andrade Monteiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9502681594591950; CHAVES, Andréa Bittencourt Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2807941293114021; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-9265
Since the 1990s, higher education in Brazil has undergone political and administrative changes that established a new regulatory framework for the establishment of private higher education institutions (HEIs) for profit. Just as it has driven, through a public fund, the expansion and private domain in the offer of educational services, whose repercussions are identified with the adoption, by the private HEIs, of business techniques and methods guided by entrepreneurial and managerial ideologies, which prioritize massification, standardization, cost reduction and strictly marketing utilitarianism from work management to service provision. In view of this, it was adopted as a research objective: to analyze the process of power and domination over teaching workers from private higher education institutions in Brazil, highlighting the moment of opening higher education to the private sector and the consequences on work, career, leisure and health forms. Thus, the following specific objectives were considered: to discuss the capital offensive within the scope of the state sphere in the conduct of educational policies; to identify and analyze what the business managers' speeches and values are transmitted by private HEIs to teachers; highlight and analyze which productive methods and techniques are used by private HEIs in the process of dominating teaching workers and; examine the work process and its repercussions on teaching workers. As a hypothesis, the type of fabrication is defended as an expression that refers to the domination of capital, circumscribed in the historical movement of structural reforms of the neoliberal State in matters of work, education and productivist ideology and in the adoption and adaptation by private HEIs of methods and techniques from the factory experiences and unpaid overwork. It is a quantitative and qualitative research in private HEIs in the capital of Pará, with field observation of middle and high-level educational managers, interviews and questionnaires (descriptive statistics) for teaching workers and consultation of documentary sources. The results showed an increase in the intensity and professional requirements of HEIs to teachers: 1) discipline with deadlines and use of performance indicators by HEIs; 2) greater dedication and involvement in educational and institutional activities; 3) In “valuing” behavioral attributes that reflect pro-activity, an entrepreneurial stance; 4) in other areas of life, teaching workers: they have low participation in social movements, life restricted to the professional and family space; their forms of leisure are restricted to their own home (television, films and computer); about health, they were evaluated with high occurrence, respectively: tiredness, postural problems and stress.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O “interior” e as águas: entre paisagens, mobilidades e tecnologias de uma vida ribeirinha em São Sebastião da Boa Vista no Marajó-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-20) LIMA, Joicieli Pereira de; BUENO, Michele Escoura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3126701924384242
This research arises from an internal confrontation with my own identity, and so I question whether the people who live in São Sebastião da Boa Vista in Marajó identify themselves as riverside or not. However, upon arriving in the field I realize that people in their daily lives are not using riverside as an identity, except in certain sporadic moments, and what appears constantly is the “interior” category, which in turn will be activated i ) sometimes as something negative and pejorative, considering the entire historical and social process that the word “interior” carries with it, ii) or from the confrontation with the “other”, this category will be one of valorization and reaffirmation. From the practice of people's daily lives, it was possible to notice that they were moving whether through the river, the dry land, the mud, but that within this movement the notion of time and space to refer to what is close and what is far it was being mediated by people's relationship with different landscapes, mainly by the presence or absence of water, understanding it as part of their reality and their way of life, acting in accordance with this connection to their own daily lives. Given this, I try to understand what it means to be from the “interior” for people, and from this I realize that the State reduces what it means to be riverside to a way of life linked only to the river, but that when seen through the practice of life people's daily lives, not only the river matters, but all the waters and their variations will constitute the production of the perception of belonging and their ways of life.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A internet como espaço de atuação política para mulheres capoeiristas em tempos de isolamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-22) PENA, Luana de Nazaré Pinto; BUENO, Michele Escoura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3126701924384242
Networked spaces have shaped new dynamics of sociability, enabling the intertwining of different historical-social contexts, a multiplicity of groups, organizations and subjects with different profiles of action and social and political mobilization, which have reached new heights from the contexts driven by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. It was in this scenario that capoerista paraense Sabrina Silva used Facebook lives to spread the female capoerista movement in Pará. In view of the above, this study aimed to analyze how the internet became a locus of political action for women capoeiristas during the pandemic in 2020, based on the case study of Sabrina Silva's Lives. To carry out the analysis, we adopted digital ethnography as a method, which is an adaptation of ethnographic analysis for the study of online cultures, aiming to explore and expand the possibilities through the constant use of digital networks, posting the material collected. With regard to the theoretical framework, we selected, among others, authors who work on issues related to capoeira, such as Nestor Capoeira (1999), Letícia Reis (2000) and Luiz Augusto Leal (2005); authors who discuss social movement relations today, such as Manuel Castells (2014) and Maria da Gloria Gohn (2011); authors who debate issues of gender, race and class, for example Anne McClintock (1995) and Kimberlé Crenshaw (2002); and theorists who discuss the digital ethnography , namely Beatriz Lins, Carolina Parreiras and Eliane Freitas (2020). As a result, it was found that social media was appropriated by women during a period when physical meetings were suspended, in order to spread a struggle so important to the construction of Brazilian culture, thus highlighting the power relations present in capoeira and its possibilities for expanding discussions on the subject and giving it more visibility.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O lago virou canal: desigualdade ambiental nas entrelinhas do saneamento básico em uma baixada de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-05) PESSOA, Cláudia de Fátima Ferreira; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659
This paper analyzes the reproduction of environmental inequalities through the impacts of precarious basic sanitation services on the perimeter of Lago Verde, a tributary of the Tucunduba River in the Terra Firme district of Belém, Pará. This relationship is justified by the recognition that certain sections of the population, allocated to specific areas such as the lowlands of Belém, have no guarantee of equitable access to the resources and policies that are fundamental to life in the city. The research used a methodological approach to the problem based on a predominantly qualitative approach, employing the techniques of bibliographical research, field research and the application of interviews with semi-structured scripts, collection and analysis of secondary data, such as statistical data on sanitation collected from official data platforms, research institutions and municipal bodies in Belém, as well as census analysis of the neighborhood based on data from the IBGE Automatic Retrieval System (SIDRA) statistical database and documentary research in journalistic sources. The theoretical analysis is based on the category of environmental inequality (Acselrad, Mello and Bezerra, 2009) articulated with the theme of basic sanitation as a public policy to promote well-being (Rezende, Heller, 2008; Souza et al, 2015). The category of environmental inequality represents a synthesis between social and environmental inequality, going beyond differences of income and class by broadening the sociological view of the environment. The perspectives elaborated on sanitation influence ways of appropriating the city, guiding practices, temporalities and impacting the subjective spheres of individuals in two distinct moments. The first is the absence and/or precariousness of services. This can be seen in the financial security of the residents interviewed, which is compromised by works and adjustments to their homes after flooding, in the disruption of activities and habits that they maintained in their daily lives due to public works interventions, and the distress and concern in managing their homes, which represent their dreams and achievements, symbolized in their own homes. A second moment is the spatialization of the state in the lowlands, where aspects of political participation were triggered by the Tucunduba Pro Lago Verde socio-environmental movement. A legitimate social critique was made of the way in which the interventionist actions were implemented. The concerns and afflictions that make up the daily lives of the residents of the Lago Verde community alter their relationship with the neighborhood, as well as their way of being in the city. A social process of sanitation is mobilized that attests to and stands against the sustaining and reproduction of social and environmental inequalities.

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