Teses em História (Doutorado) - PPHIST/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6869

O Doutorado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2010 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História (PPHIST) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aqueles que merecem a opinião pública: justiça de paz, cidadania e mobilização política nas primeiras eleições no Grão-Pará (1827-1841)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-25) MOURA, Danielle Figuerêdo; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299
This thesis is devoted to studying the relationship between the first elections for representatives of the justice of the peace in Grão-Pará and the Cabano movement. Its scope ranges from 1827, with the regulation of this position, until 1833, when the third election for this position took place since its creation and which preceded the Cabano movement. The in-depth study of correspondence between municipal councils, judicial authorities, and provincial presidents, especially those concerning municipal elections, has proven that blacks, indigenous people and mixed-race people mobilized around local elections and assumed important positions in the legal and civil administration of towns, parishes and places in Grão-Pará between 1828 and 1834. It is demonstrated that despite the set of laws inaugurated with the 1824 Charter not extending many of its benefits to this segment of the population, the reality was quite different, since the appropriations made by the new legal devices informed daily struggles for expanding citizenship. This thesis argues, therefore, that the Cabano movement was born out of ethnic and political conflicts that had as an important stage the elections of lay judges. The experience of political mobilization, both in their election, deposition and acclamation, was in constant dialogue with a repertoire of new laws and a constitutional and liberal vocabulary, and was therefore fundamental to the emergence and diversity of dynamics of the Cabano movement. Finally, it is shown that the discussion raised by the Cabano movement in the Court in Rio de Janeiro, about the need to defend an idea of “order” and “civilization”, contributed to the arguments of the “lawyers” for the review of the justice of the peace, which culminated in its national reformulation in 1841.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Arranjos, lei e consolidação do império: aplicação da lei das terras e apropriação das fazendas nacionais do Rio Branco (1830-1880)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-18) SANTOS, Maria José dos; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372
This thesis investigated the process of application of the Law no. 601 of 1850, known as the Land Law in the Province of Amazonas and its developments on the border of Rio Branco. It was sought to understand the social, political and economic constitution of the subjects that formed the group of landlords from the creation of the Fazenda Reais and private farms, analyzing, afterwards, the creation of the Upper Amazon Region, setting up tents and the expansion process of farms after the extinction of the Sesmarias Law. Historically, the region of Rio Branco has undergone intense territorial and political processes of disputes that threatened Portuguese domination and, successively, the consolidation of the Brazilian Empire on that frontier. The 1830s and 1870s were marked by the attempt of land grabbing by the United Kingdom, known as the Pirara conflict in Rio Branco, and by the pressure of the United States of America that demanded Brazil to open up for navigation and trade on the Amazon River. All these factors made the Brazilian Empire expend different dimensions for other regions, more flexible with military and other people, maintaining them as allies to defend, colonize and consolidate the empire at the border of Rio Branco. In this context, the lands of the national farms, which belonged to the State, were gradually incorporated into the private patrimony of the military and exiled, as well as lands considered vacant, which were also public patrimony. The Land Law was not enforced, since, according to it, the only form of access to land was the purchase, but it was used politically by the Empire to secure the support of the local landlord class. This process lasted until the 1870s, when this relationship began to have another dimension, much more rigorous, less attached to the local elite and disposed of more charges, especially on the part of the Treasury over the appropriation of assets belonging to the Treasury as the lands of the national farms of the Rio Branco, clear indications that the Brazilian Empire in the borders of the Amazon finally recognized itself consolidated.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Arte, Belém, do abstracionismo à visualidade Amazônica (1957-1985): transições movediças e tensões globais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-04-30) COSTA, Gil Vieira; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
This research addresses the visual arts in the artistic field specialized in Belém, especially in the period between 1957 and 1985. This period marks in the city the contact and the absorption of values and practices of the internationalist artistic currents, such as the modernist abstractionism, the postmodern vanguards and the contemporary art. The way in which the local field has established relations of openness and resistance to these currents is studied from the theories of coloniality. Usually, the 1960s and 1970s are seen as the moment when contemporary art established itself worldwide, so this thesis can be understood as a narrative of 'history of contemporary art'. In Belém, the consolidation of this artistic paradigm was experienced through shaky transitions – slow, discontinuous and hesitant – in which there was a clear dispute between global values and local practices. The tensions between 'global' and 'local', in the art produced in the city in that period, conditioned the emergence of important artistic projects, which still little known and debated. For many of these projects, the ideas and images of the Amazonia were fundamental components – a topic that can add new information and approaches to the debate about 'Brazilian art' in those decades.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caminhos fluviais e mobilidade: os rios Guaporé, Mamoré e Madeira e a rota entre o Mato Grosso e o Grão-Pará (séculos XVII e XVIII)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-28) MELO, Vanice Siqueira de; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912
In the mid-eighteenth century, the Guaporé, Mamoré and Madeira rivers became a river way used to establish communication between the Captaincy of Mato Grosso and the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão. The historiography that analyzed the subject pointed out, notably, the importance of the Portuguese crown in the constitution of this way and the relevance of commercial activities for its consolidation. Although these axes of reflection are important, it is believed that they are not enough to analyze the composition of this river way. In this sense, this thesis argues how this way was also constituted from the mobility and interest of the people who, in expeditions, navigated these rivers and how this displacement was connected to other demands and was constituted, equally, from the interaction with the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os castanhais do sudeste do Pará: cotidianos e discursos (1930-1964)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-07-11) CARNEIRO, Aldair José Dias; PETIT PEÑARROCHA, Pere; ARENZ, Karl Heinz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4213810951901055
The main objective of this research is to show that political factors were fundamental in the formation of the economic structure of Brazil Nut Zones in southeastern Pará, and that their development was marked by the ideologies and the political engagement of three leaders, namely Deodoro Machado de Mendonça, Joaquim de Magalhães Cardoso Barata and Nagib Mutran. With them, the Brazil Nut Zones in southeastern Pará were regulated, and the main period of political partisan intervention was registered between 1930 and 1964. We highlight, initially, the regulations employed in 1930, by the Intervenor of Pará Magalhães Barata, whose attitude contradicted the claims of the of previous Governments, representing the traditional landowner elite, especially Deodoro de Mendonça. At that moment, were born the political disputes that determined the dynamics of the Brazil Nut production in the region, characterized by baratism and antibaratism. This rivalry at state level was transferred to the Brazil Nut Zones of southeastern Pará by the local leader, Nagib Mutran. Thus, the political dispute over the Brazil Nut Zones remained until 1951, when Barata was defeated in the elections for governor of Pará. Since then, the federal projects for the economic valorization of the Amazon region, initiated in 1952, accelerated the appropriations of lands in the southeastern part of the state, which led to the weakening of the extractive economy and the economic collapse of the region's Brazil Nut Zones in the early 1960s. However, the Brazil Nut Zones in southeastern Pará were not confined to discourses and economic projects. Parallel to them, inside the production zones, there were the local Brasil Nut gatherers with their daily actions, peculiar to the environment of the forest. Because the Brazil nut economy is a seasonal activity, these inhabitants of the zones have become accustomed to other activities that, in turn, made part of the daily life in the forest. The inhabitants of the Brazil Nut Zones were not only gatherers, they were also farmers, hunters, fishermen and devotees. These activities, because they were all important and routine, directed the inhabitants of the Brazil Nut Zones to regulate their daily actions with a certain autonomy, not always in accordance with the political decisions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Cidade dos Lázaros: isolacionismo, políticas públicas e lepra no Pará (1900-1934)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-28) VIEIRA, Elis Regina Corrêa; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
At the end of the XIX century and the beginning of XX, leprosy went through a process of singularization marked by an intense debate about etiology, therapy and prophylaxis of the disease. In this context, there was a theoric effort to consolidate leprosy as a disease caused by a bacillus and transmitted by contagion. At the same time, if the disease was contagious and its means of transmission was uncertain, the idea of isolating the patients was the only way of avoiding the spread of the disease became strength. In Brazil, many doctors and intellectuals participated in an international network of scientists that debated about the disease. In the same context, the health movement demanded that the Union increase its responsibilities in public health. The leprosy prophylaxis was benefited by these discussions and the federal government started to implement several leprosariums in partnership with the state government. Lazarópolis do Prata, in the state of Pará, was created in this context. It was installed in 1923 and officially opened in June 1924. My thesis proposes that doctors created a model of isolation to Lazarópolis, however, the experience of different individuals recreated the senses of this isolation, challenging the hygienist ideal of a kind, disciplined, and submissive "lázaro" to the doctors. Thus, even an institution seen as a model faced challenges such as escapes and violations to the established norms.
Desconhecido
Cidade e educação: memórias e experiências do ensino primário e ginasial em Breves – Marajó das Florestas (1943-1985)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-30) PUREZA, Enil do Socorro de Sousa; PACHECO, Agenor Sarraf; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5839293025434267
In order to understand the construction process of the city of Breves, in Marajó das Florestas, as a regional development hub, focusing on the 20th century, this research presented as a central thesis the assertion that educational experiences in primary and secondary education in the city of Breves , between the 1940s and 1980s, were of great importance for the formation, expansion of urban space and development of the municipality, attracting institutions, public and private services necessary for life in the 20th century to its structure. To arrive at the confirmation of this thesis, we started with the following problematizing questions: How were the city and education, and education and the city historically built in the territory of Breu, in the period from 1943 to 1985? How did the educational and sociocultural practices experienced by residents occur in the expansion and development of urban life? How did the implementation and/or strengthening of primary and secondary education take place in the city? From these guiding questions, the objectives of the research were: to analyze city and education and education and city through written, oral and visual documents, identifying historical-social changes and continuities in the ways of living in Brevense between the 1940s and 1980s; understand the trajectory of formation of the school group from 1943 in the city, the expansion and consolidation of primary education and follow the emergence of secondary education in the context of the 1960s/70s, its contributions to the expansion of the city and the visibility of the city in the regional and state scenario in times of military regime. Based on Social and Cultural History and dialoguing with written, oral and visual documents, the results indicate that Breves became the main educational center of the Marajós das Florestas, from the 1960s onwards with the implementation of the Miguel Bitar State Gym, which joined to primary education, which began in the 1940s with the Dr. Lauro Sodré, Boarding School Evangélico Amazonas and Colégio Santo Agostinho. They also showed that, in the education and city movement, the city became a regional reference in several sectors, and education played a sine qua non role, because through the training of people, multiple development possibilities were opened for Breves to become , nowadays, an educating city.
Desconhecido
Ciência e construção do consenso desenvolvimentista na Amazônia a partir de quatro cientistas durante a Ditadura Militar (Pará, 1964-1985)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-08) SBRANA, Tayanná Santos de Jesus; PETIT, Pere; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376409779394321; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3073
Desconhecido
Conversa de pescador: história e cultura política na praia de Ajuruteua, Pará (1970- 2010)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-09) OLIVEIRA, Marcus Vinicius Cunha; HENRIQUE, Márcio Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9096024504515280
This thesis researches the fisher(wo)men’s agency facing the socio-environmental impacts of the construction of the PA-458 highway and the geographic changes of the erosion process and advance of the sea on the Ajuruteua’s island. According on the official documents, newspapers, photographies, thesis, dissertations, oral speeches were analysed the actions of residentes (dwellers) fishermen and fisherwomen in relation (face) to the changes caused by the highway and the threats to their ways of life. As a result, we can say that fisher(wo)men, instead of the commom sense usually said (would say), are aware of the transformations of their time and nature, they produce/create adaptation strategies, atualyzing (updating) their ecological knwoledge, they accept or not the inovation of “modernity” according to their business (interests), they create complex relationships with the society around and with nature, they participate in trade network that are not always efficiency, they apropriate laws and languages outside their cultural universe and organize themselves politically to protect their territory and their ways of life according to current legislation.
Desconhecido
Correndo o risco: Belém do Pará na charge de Biratan Porto no ocaso da ditadura (1978-1985)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-26) OLIVEIRA, Walter Pinto de; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
Under what conditions did the civil-military dictatorship hand Belém do Pará over to the period of redemocratization? How did the civil society react to the violence and exclusion of dictatorial policies? These two questions permeate this study, which aims to decipher the situation of the main capital of the Amazon at the time, in the last seven years of the military government, a so-called period of openness, but which, despite suggesting a political softening, carried on with the signs of authoritarianism that characterized the 21 years of the regime. Based on Biratan Porto's cartoons, this study aims to answer those questions, using the methodological tools of the Social History of Art. Forty years after the events, the artist's critical humor offers an alternative reading to the press, which at the time was committed to the dictatorship. In its analytical framework of that period, Biratan's cartoon projects a unique perspective on popular resistance and suggests replacing an authoritarian clientelism with another, democratic, but still clientelism.
Desconhecido
Da névoa flamenga à claridade tropical: percursos e pinceis de Georges Wambach na Amazônia em tempos de guerra e paz (1935 – 1965)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-23) ALMEIDA, Tunai Rehm Costa de; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
This thesis aims to understand the position that Wambach occupied in the disputed Brazilian artistic scene and to think about life and career during his time on Brazilian soil, highlighting his stay in Belém. The time frame adopted begins with the artist's arrival in the country, in 1935, until the year of his death in 1965. Using images as the main documentation, especially the paintings painted by the artist, the work takes into account the motivations of the painter, but also of those who financed them. With the support of literature and newspapers of the time, in addition to documentation from public authorities, there is monitoring of the reception of Georges Wambach's works, his interplay of interests, his relationships and the tensions developed throughout his career in Brazil and , especially in the Amazon.
Desconhecido
Da Vila do Cariperana à nova territorialização da Comunidade Remanescente Quilombola do América nas narrativas de moradores no contexto bragantino
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-23) SILVA FILHO, Claudio Padilha da; SOUZA, Ana Paula Vieira e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8840758628880141; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3340-1866; MIRANDA, Leila Mourão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5665064793338456; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-1900
This thesis analyzes the historical process of the formation of the Quilombola Remnant Community of América (CRQ), in the municipality of Bragança-Pará, in the Para Amazon, motivated by the dispossession of residents of the village of Cariperana, due to differences of opinion, conflicts, interests and the reduction of the area in which they lived and were socially constituted in the work of agriculture and the production of water flour. The two communities are located in the municipality of Bragança, in the northeast of the state of Pará, and are configured in the context of the networks of territorial, socio-spatial, socio-cultural and political-legal meanings established by Brazil's 1988 Federal Constitution. The thesis takes the oral source approach, which assumes that oral discourses can be transformed into written texts that become witnesses (Meihy, Holanda, 2015). Thus, the empirical field research started by listening to the oral narratives of residents (the elders of the two villages), indicating collaborators and the guardians of memory. Methodologically, the thesis is based on the perspective of Social History in studies of history and memory, memory and identity. The historical analysis of the two villages in the constitution of the quilombola community is contextualized despite the origin and relations of the presence of black Africans and their descendants in order to highlight the distinct formation of their historicities. The constitution of a new territorialization based on public policies for racial equality is analyzed, discussing the diasporic movements in search of better living and working conditions in the Pará Amazon by black people and their descendants, which gave rise to the villages of Cariperana and Américo. The theoretical field on processes of territory, deterritorialization and new territorialization are approached from three perspectives: historical -temporal, spatial and symbolic, based on the theory of Haesbaert (2004; 2005). Data was collected using interviews with Afro-descendants who are descendants of the couple Gregório and Tereza, as well as their wife Andreza. Collaborators Júlio Monteiro, Nezila, João Paulo, Orlandina and Manoel Carivaldo took part. The analysis of the interpretative categories regarding the origin of the black population of the two villages was based on the theory of oral history by Thompson (1992), as well as the use of the graphic representation of the 'genogram' symbols to explain the family generations of both villages, indicating the descendants of the collaborators in this research. The results of the thesis point to reflections on the territory and the conflicts between families, the social, economic and cultural relationship in the activity of working with the planting of manioc and the kiln house, highlighting the network of territorial meaning with the certification of quilombola remnant communities in the Amazonian context. The social and cultural role of the presence of women as leaders in the territorial occupation movement, the ethnic-racial recognition of the Quilombola Remnant Community of América based on the implementation of the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Traditional Peoples and Communities in accordance with Brazil's legal provisions. The thesis concludes that the village of Cariperana and the village of Américo gave rise to the new territorialization of the Quilombola Remnant Community of América, as well as the policies for valuing the history and culture of the African and Afro-Brazilian Continent, which recognized the ancestry of the territory in 2015 and in 2023 was titled.
Desconhecido
Do Grão-Pará à Amazônia: a invenção da região amazônica frente à centralização do Império brasileiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-27) SANTOS, Roberg Januário dos; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
This doctoral dissertation addresses the rise of the Amazon region in the second half of the 19th century. Despite focusing on the political sphere, the exchange of ideas, images, and practices regarding local economy at the time are also discussed. Considering the theoretical contributions of conceptual history, this work reflects upon the denaturalization of names and the meanings they assume over time. A corpus composed of a range of historical sources, among which the Annals of the Brazilian Parliament stand out, is used as support. This study contributes to the knowledge of Brazilian history based on the understanding of the regional differentiation and the power relations between the Empire/Central Government and the regional political elites, especially the Amazonian ones. From the Second Reign, the political and economic weight of the court elites, as well as those of the North of Bahia and Pernambuco (agricultural), increased considerably in the Brazilian scenario, which resulted in a greater regional differentiation in the country during that period. On the other hand, in the provinces along the waterways of the Amazon River, while the local elites sought to politically reorganize the area after the Cabanagem Revolt, the rubber industry grew. The political and economic landscape created an environment that fostered political regionalism and was used by the Amazonian elites in favor of their own interests, which could channel considerably the perception of backwardness in the region to the lack of attention of the Central Government. Moreover, it allowed them to increase their political clout, seen by the northern provinces, including the Amazon ones, as centered on the interests of the southern ones. It is argued that this movement, seen from the 1870s, brought about regional reorganization and encouraged the development of a new political identity, resulting in the renaming of the former province of Grão-Pará, known from then on as Amazon. Therefore, it was concluded that the political regionalism of the riverside provinces, considering the administrative centralization of the Brazilian Empire along with the ideas of the time, contributed decisively to the rise of the Amazon as a differentiated region in terms of territory, politics, and culture.
Desconhecido
As drogas do sertão e a Amazônia colonial (1677-1777)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-20) POMPEU, André José Santos; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912
The present work is centered on the economic activity of drugs in the sertão, considered as the main economic activity in the Amazon during the colonial period. During the 20th century, it was agreed in much of historiography that this economic activity was under a missionary monopoly, mainly by the members of the Society of Jesus. And that, after the expulsion of the Jesuits, this predominance fell under the settlements of Indians created during the reign of D. José I, almost as direct heirs of the Jesuit monopoly. This thesis proposes a review of this perspective, seeking to demonstrate the active participation of other subjects in this economic activity, especially individuals. From the analysis of the sources, it is possible to highlight the participation of these subjects in the activity of drugs in the hinterland, and, at different times, it is possible to see the predominance of these individuals at the expense of both missionaries and canoes in Indian settlements. The present work is focused on the relationships, exercised in the activity of drugs in the sertão, within the colony itself, in a space commonly known as the Portuguese Amazon.
Desconhecido
Emigrados do sertão: secas e deslocamentos populacionais Ceará-Piauí (1877-1891)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-28) SILVA, Márcio Douglas de Carvalho e; LACERDA, Franciane Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1007392320101957
In the second half of the 19th century, some provinces in the North of the Brazilian Empire faced successive droughts, which caused the migration of the population residing in the affected areas to others where it was believed that there were resources that would enable survival. In 1877, a drought began in Ceará that lasted until 1879. At the end of the 1880s, the phenomenon once again visited Ceará, leaving its visible marks, mainly in 1888 and 1889. great was the displacement of men and women from Ceará to other Brazilian provinces, including the neighboring one, Piauí, which to a certain extent was already affected by drought in the form of a climatic phenomenon, starting to experience it as a social product. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the migration of people from Ceará to Piauí, between the years 1877 and 1891, considering these displacements an act of protagonism by men and women, poor and rich, who undertook the migratory journeys as a possibility of overcoming the difficulties imposed by the dry in its place of origin, choosing Piauí as route and also destination. As a basis for the time frame, the year in which the flow of people from Ceará became more intense towards the neighboring province, until the beginning of the 1890s, when welfare practices were still carried out through public assistance, and it was already possible to find people from Ceará constituting new families in Piauí. Among the sources defined for carrying out the research, there are the different newspapers published in Piauí and Ceará, as well as reports, messages, speeches, minutes, as well as letters and other documents from the Public Aid Commission. Thus, this thesis investigates the fact that, in addition to the migratory flows that occurred in the 19th century, already known in historiography, there were other migrant destinations undertaken by people from Ceará, including Piauí, which was also affected by droughts, seen as a receiving pole, either for those who were destined for that region, as it offered better conditions for survival than Ceará, or for those who were trying to cross to Maranhão and Pará. Because it was intense at many times, migration brought to Piauí the worsening of the consequences of the drought, requiring measures to combat its effects by the local government, which established the Public Aid Commissions, promoting welfare and moving part of the migrants to the fronts of work, either in public works or in Colonial Nuclei. Upon arriving in Piauí, migrants almost always found it difficult to survive, however, many managed to settle in that region and did not return to Ceará after the end of the drought. In this way, the thesis of the importance of Piauí in the migratory contexts of the 19th century is defended, as a receiving space for migrants from Ceará and a generator of multiple social experiences.
Desconhecido
Emília Snethlage e Heloísa Alberto Torres: gênero, ciência e turismo na Amazônia do século XX
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-04) ALBERTO, Diana Priscila Sá; PACHECO, Agenor Sarraf; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5839293025434267
The presence of women in the history of science, especially in the Western world, is intertwined with the very constitution of this field of knowledge, but for a long time they have remained in the shadows of male performance. The historical science, since its birth, has marked the "man" as the central character of the narratives and, even though some scholars pointed out that women were included in this historical being, the disciplinary field of history kept them away from the stage of mankind's sociocultural formation. Scientific travel, from the 19th century on, proved to be a rich path to problematize this vision and the meanings of its silences, allowing interpretative connections between science, gender, and tourism. The history of female participation in the history of sciences in the Amazon in the 20th century, focusing on the performance and legacy of two women scientists, one German and one Brazilian, Emília Snethlage (1868-1929) from the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi - MPEG and Heloísa Alberto Torres (1895-1977) from the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro - MNRJ, is the central theme of this thesis. These scientists, who lived experiences in regions of Brazil, especially in the Amazon, used tactics to build an important path in their fields of expertise in the natural sciences (ornithology) and humanities (anthropology). Their expeditions left important clues for the investigation of the history of tourism in the region, by presenting elements that made up the modern tourist phenomenon, such as lodging, food, and transportation. From this contextualization, the objective of this work was to investigate, in the light of studies on the history of science, gender and tourism, the female participation played, in particular, by Emília Snethlage and Heloísa Alberto Torres, in the construction of scientific knowledge in the Amazon in the early twentieth century, entering into their professional trajectories, strategies and their respective universes. In relation to the problematic, the question was asked about the importance of the role of women in the history of science in Brazil and how was the specific participation of these scientists in the Amazon? The research was based on Edward P. Thompson with Social History and his reflections on experience and tactics in everyday life; Carlo Ginzburg with Micro-History when entering in the indications of other paths taken by them; Michelle Perrot, Londa Schiebinger and Anne McClintock when referencing the role of women in the scientific field, helping to inquire forms of coloniality experienced in the daily life and work of Emília and Heloisa. As far as tourism studies are concerned, we dialogued with Paulo de Assunção, Alexandre Panosso Netto, and Helena Doris. A. B. Quaresma when dealing with the reflection of the tourist phenomenon and its openings in history and research in the Amazon. The methodological path traced clues of the performance of these women of science in the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Guilherme de La Penha Archives. Files on Emília Snethlage were also searched in virtual media at the Biblioteca Nacional Digital and at the Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins, where a collection on Heloísa Alberto Torres was found. The documentary research started in 2018 and went on until mid-2022, mainly by virtual environment, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. To answer the problematic of the thesis, the research mapped and analyzed evidence in newspapers, articles produced by these scientists, personal and institutional letters, and novels, which made visible experiences and practices of these scientists in their institutions and in the daily life of research in the Amazon. Based on these findings, the thesis demonstrates that Emília and Heloísa played a fundamental role in the construction of science in the Amazon, through their actions and "world sensibilities", at a time of full hegemony of male domination in the scientific field. These women built their trajectories in ornithology and anthropology in such a way that their publications and scientific achievements spread beyond their institutions, making their mark in the history of science in Brazil and abroad. Furthermore, the trips have revealed new directions for understanding the tourist phenomenon in the Amazon region, since they have used the constituent elements of the practice in the activity. Thus, they contributed to think the emergence of a new epistemology about tourist trips.
Desconhecido
Entre a nação e a região: os Institutos Históricos e Geográficos do Pará e do Amazonas na escrita da História do Brasil, a partir da Amazônia (1917-1953)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-15) BARROS, Lucilvana Ferreira dos Santos; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
This doctoral dissertation aims to analyze the role of the Historical Geography Institutes of the states of Pará and Amazonas, as well as their members, in the construction of the historiographical field of the Amazon and its inclusion into the history of Brazil between 1917 and 1953. The objective of this research is to understand the intentions, strategies, and historical context in which this field operated, especially in the relations between region and nation. In order to assess the activities of the institutions and their historians in the creation of the regional historiographical field, an investigation was carried out based on those institutes’ journals, charters, minutes, letters, correspondence, newspaper articles, reports and proceedings of the National History Congresses held by the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute (IHGB), books, book chapters, and articles. This dissertation was founded – theoretically and methodologically – on Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of Fields, especially that of Intellectual Field and its connection with the Field of Power. The initial reading of the documents, as well as the theoretical and methodological framework used in this analysis, allowed for the understanding of the construction of a regional historiographical field. This was disseminated through publications, sent and received correspondence, participation in events, among other mechanisms, that emphasized Amazonian events, characters and narratives in dialogue with the Brazilian history, especially those of founding narratives, both regional and national, the biography of the great names in the history of Brazil and the Amazon, the regional economy, the history of cities and states, the culture, the land and the man of the Amazon, among other themes. The main argument aims to demonstrate that from the formation of a regional historiographical field there was not a process of closing this field around the history of the Amazon, but, rather, a process of writing the History of Brazil starting in the Amazon. Therefore, it is argued that the History of Brazil was not written solely by the IHGB. It was also written from regional spaces, the contact zones among those institutions, in particular due to the struggles seen in historiography in the representations and negotiations of the intricate relations between region and nation.
Desconhecido
Entre as terras do Rio Branco e a Guiana Inglesa: relatos de viajantes sobre povos indígenas (1835-1899)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-12) LAPOLA, Daniel Montenegro; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
The thesis is based on Peter Burke's historiographical approach on the cultural history of representations and on indigenous history to analyze travelers’ reports about the indigenous people in the region between the extreme north of Brazil and British Guiana in the 19th century. We worked on the reports of the Prussian explorer Robert Hermann Schomburgk (1804-1865), the Canadian geologist Charles Barrington Brown (1839-1917), both at the service of the Royal Geographical Society of the British crown; next, we analyze the French traveler Henri Anatole Coudreau (1859-1899), on a mission for the Ministry of the Navy and the French Colonies and the government of the state of Pará. As a central objective, I analyze the relationship between travelers and indigenous peoples, the alliances and strategies used through scientific research to serve the demarcation and land occupation interests of the country sponsoring the enterprise on the border of Brazil and British Guiana between 1835 and 1899.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre o TIbre e o Amazonas: a romanização serpenteia a igreja de Manaus (1916-1958)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-11) SOARES, Elisângela Socorro Maciel; NEVES, Fernando Arthur de Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1491729914353266
The thesis entitled “Between the Tiber and the Amazon: The romanization winds through the Church of Manaus (1916-1958)” presents a historical rescue of the trajectory of the Diocese/Archdiocese of Manaus, starting from the concern of the Church/State relationship, the actions of the Episcopate and the Laity during the second and third phases of the Romanization process, a project that gained more strength during the Papacy of the Pios, emphasized here in the governments of Pio XI (1922-1939) and Pio XII (1939-1958). The romanizing actions are visualized here, in three chapters, in the administration of the leading Episcopate of the Church of Manaus, in its three diocesan phases, the first being presented in an introductory form, and in the first archdiocesan phase: Dom José Lourenço da Costa Aguiar (1894- 1905) and Dom Frederico Benício de Sousa Costa (1907-1913), the first Phase of the Episcopate; Dom João Irineu Joffily and Dom Friar Basílio Manuel Olímpio Pereira (1926-1941), the second Phase of the Episcopate; Dom João da Mata Andrade e Amaral (1941-1948) and Dom Alberto Gaudêncio Ramos (1949-1952), the third Phase of the Episcopate; the latter being elevated to Archbishop by the same bull of elevation of Manaus to Archdiocese, in 1952, constituting the first archdiocesan phase, until the beginning of 1958. The last chapter brings the other ecclesiastical face of the Diocese/Archdiocese, in line with the Episcopate and with the directives of the Holy See, the laity, who assume a differentiated role in this period cut by the thesis, and, that in the case of the Church of Manaus , visibility was given to the two most active: Pia Union of the Daughters, with expressive leadership from 1913 until the 1930s; and Catholic Action, which assumed the leadership of Catholic associations from this decade onwards, and with its sectors reaching various instances of society. Thus, the two ecclesial faces that make up the Church of Manaus are presented historically, within the outline, problematization and context brought by this thesis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ernesto Cruz: um diálogo entre a história e a construção do patrimônio cultural no Pará (1940-1960)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-31) TUTYIA, Dinah Reiko; HENRIQUE, Márcio Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9096024504515280
This study analyzes the contribution of the historian, Ernesto Horacio Cruz, from the Brazilian state of Pará, to the patrimonial preservation in the state. His name, amongst various cultural associations in Pará, which he used to belong to, is linked to the management of the former Public Library and Archive of the State of Pará (BAP) and the Historical and Geographical Institute of Pará (IHGP), maintaining the preservationist aspect, not evidenced throughout his life story, exposed in books, newspaper notes, tributes, as well as in speeches of his colleagues. However, in the process of the listing of heritage assets of the National Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage of Pará (IPHAN/PA), throughout the 40’s and 60’s, his name is constantly present, a fact which motivated the incursion of the history of the preservation of heritage in Pará through his presence. The aim of his study is to understand the practices and set of actions taken by Ernesto Cruz towards heritagization, during the initial decades of IPHAN’s operation in Brazil, devising a historical study of heritage preservation policy in the State of Pará. Consequently, the uniqueness of this study is to present the preservationist dimension of Ernesto Cruz, an aspect not yet explored in the field of Amazonian historiography or in architecture. From his role as delegate of the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service, Ernesto Cruz became a key figure in the process of institutionalizing historical heritage in the state of Pará. The investigation is based on 20th century sources, such as the historian’s intellectual output, which includes books, newspapers articles and documents found in the IPHAN’s listings process, as well as sources that are linked to themes that emerged from his material such as the transformation of the city of Belém, its architecture and history.