Dissertações em Educação em Ciências e Matemáticas (Mestrado) - PPGECM/IEMCI

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2293

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em Maio de 2002 pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Ciências e Matemáticas (PPGECM) do Instituto de Educação Matemática e Ciêntífica (IEMCI) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Contribuições de um ambiente virtual para a divulgação das pesquisas em história da matemática no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1991-02-27) CASTILLO BRACHO, Luis Andres; MENDES, Iran Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4490674057492872; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-1602
In this work, we present a reflexive description of a research focused on the materialization of an interactive virtual environment called Brazilian Reference Center for Research in Mathematical History - CREPHIMat, linked to two broader research projects funded by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), in the field of relations between history and teaching of Mathematics. The research carried out had the objective of virtually materializing the environment and evaluating the impact of this creation by the academic community, with the purpose of identifying its contributions in the dissemination of research productions in the History of Mathematics, developed in Brazil between 1990 and 2018, without neglecting the expansion of the collection of productions that may come out from future studies in this field. The collection and classification of productions in this field of studies was carried out by a team of graduate students at the master's and doctoral level, together with the Coordinator of CREPHIMat, based on previous research already carried out by Mendes (2010, 2015, 2018a), related to academic-scientific productions originated in Brazilian research in the field of the History of Mathematics in the period 1990-2018. Approximately 2.100 archives were organized, including theses, dissertations, articles from scientific journals, conference proceedings, mini-course books, educational products, teaching materials, and other productions aimed at undergraduate and graduate students, professors, and researchers interested in the History of Maths. In addition to these actions, an evaluation of the initial impact of the CREPHIMat virtual environment with the academic community has also been carried out since its launch in August 2019. The result pointed to favorable considerations for the implementation of a variety of activities in this environment, such as contributions to the work of the professor and researcher in this field, as well as to undergraduate and graduate students in Mathematical Education. At the end of the study, we point out the instructions for the exploration of the environment by the entire academic community related to the research topic, as well as the potential for training activities for teachers in the form of conferences, workshops, training courses, among others.
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Os professores, uma proposta visando à transdisciplinaridade e os atuais alunos de matemática da educação pública municipal de jovens e adultos de Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-09-17) LEVY, Lênio Fernandes; GONÇALVES, Tadeu Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6789250569319668; ESPÍRITO SANTO, Adilson Oliveira do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5870609258842071
A teoria da complexidade, mormente o ideário do francês Edgar Morin, proclama a interligação das particularidades que se integram ao (ou a um) todo. Distinção e união são, assim, os pilares das manifestações naturais, acrescentando-se a esse binômio o fenômeno da incerteza, haja vista as associações implicarem desdobramentos indeterminados. A elevação quantitativa da cultura humana vem sendo acompanhada de uma progressiva especialização, e, não apregoando, em absoluto, a extinção das disciplinas/distinções/partes, o pensamento transdisciplinar moriniano defende a construção de ligações entre tais elementos, o que se mostra concordante com a díade natural união-distinção. Tomando por base a seguinte máxima transdisciplinar: do todo em direção às partes e das partes rumo ao todo, propõem-se nesta obra (em especial no que se refere ao segundo trecho da citação em foco) ações educacionais dirigidas pelas chamadas duplas heterogêneas de professores (DHP) - imaginadas pelo autor da dissertação -, que integram docentes com formação (cada um deles) em disciplinas (partes) diferentes, os quais, trabalhando em conjunto (inclusive com os alunos), no mesmo espaço-tempo pedagógico, buscam/buscariam construir ligações entre os conteúdos pertencentes aos (dois) campos de conhecimento em questão, efetivando-se um caminhar das partes e de suas mútuas (e múltiplas) conexões em direção ao todo. O público escolhido foi o da Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA (no ambiente da escola pública municipal), pois se acredita que as informações extra-escolares acumuladas pelo estudante jovem/adulto, apesar de sua educação formal deficitária, possam contribuir para que ele estabeleça, se corretamente orientado, relações/ligações intelectuais diversas. Ademais, a procura de soluções para a problemática da EJA, cuja clientela é formada por indivíduos marcados pela exclusão sócio-econômica, constitui-se em dever moral extensivo a todos os verdadeiros cidadãos. Apesar (ou além) das pesquisas exploratórias, em campo, que culminaram com resultados constantes em 5 (cinco) tabelas, predominam, quanto à metodologia adotada nesta investigação, o exame bibliográfico (de um lado) e (de outro lado) a análise - que é o seu cerne - de uma proposição (a DHP engendrada pelo mestrando) à luz dos conceitos abordados. Trata-se/tratou-se de demonstrar, em nível teórico, que a idéia de DHP harmonizase com as aspirações/esperanças/necessidades do alunado da EJA, com a incerteza prigoginiana, com a transdisciplinaridade moriniana, com a Psicologia Vygotskyana e com a modelagem matemática.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Inovação na licenciatura: cartografando uma reforma curricular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) MANFREDO, Elizabeth Cardoso Gerhardt; GONÇALVES, Terezinha Valim Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0496932429575513
This narrative study is centered in the formation of teachers in Licenciature courses, and part of the elements that characterize and mean the process of curricular reform of Licenciature course in Biological Sciences of the Universidade Federal do Par?, had occurred during the year 2000, in the context of the educative reforms in course in the Brazilian scenery. In this context, I try by reflexive analysis, to investigate, in order to understand the construction of a set of curricular innovations at the initial formation of Sciences and Biology teachers who will act at the basic education of Brazilian system and regional education. These actions support the presentation, and discuss of internal and external aspects related to the since the proposal and implementation of the reform project for this course. From the voices of a group of teachers who had participated, of it the representations of the students contemplated in the reform, and also pertinent documents to the moment. I highlight in particular way, significant advances in that concern to the undertaken qualitative changes, which are observed in the construction of teachers knowledgements from the part of the students in formation process, being something attainable in practical of teachers formers in the scope of this course. This way, the study keeps excellent contributions in the inquiry and the current reflection in the field of the initial formation of Sciences and Biology teachers, particulary, and the formation of teachers in other Licenciatures, in general way.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O ambiente no olhar de alunos em diferentes momentos de escolarização
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) SANTANA, André Ribeiro de; CHAVES, Silvia Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353964127402937
In this research narrative I searched to evidence which the envirinment conceptions of students of different moments of school formation. I objectified to characterize these conceptions between 181 pupils distributed beteween 5ª and 8ª series (Basic Education), 3º year/”Convênio” (Average Education) and learning of 4º semester and “concluintes” of courses of “Pedagogia” (Superior Education), besides investigating possible distinctions of complexity, as the degree of “escolarização” of the citizens. The analysis of the answers to the applied questionnaire evidenced that environment conceptions are configured as social representations, therefore is in the base in such a way of the elaboration of behaviors how much of the communications between the peoples, disclosing values and cultural experiences socially structuralized. In result of the representacional environnment character I identified between the citizens, understandings that had not been differentiated in complexity. Thus, I perceived two predominant agreements, influenced for the pertaining to school media and school práxis: the environnment where alive I am and I go, place where our species interacts between itself and with the excessively components ones; the environment as flowing of life, producer of elements, essentially natural, that assure the life. Two categories emerge of these conceptions: the universal environment, with borders that can surpass the Biosfera, full of peace and harmony, compositions for all the inter-relations between biological, physical and chemical factors; the environment of the man, where they are our cities, houses, schools, streets and squares, substratum of the existence human being, having culture and technology mediating the ambient inter-relations. I evidenced that my citizens if feel privileged for integrating the species capable to preserve, or not, the environment. This “antropocentrismo” if even makes gift in intentions of care and maintenance, therefore it wants to conserve what it assures our existence. One is about excellent data to guide actions that privilege a type of Education in Sciences come back toward the search of the balance of our ambient relations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A propriedade distributiva da multiplicação: uma visão diagnóstica do processo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) DIAS, Josete Leal; SILVA, Francisco Hermes Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3912906225739008
The objective of this study is to investigate the application of the distributive property of multiplication in the numeric and algebaric contexts, and in the solution of problems carried out by students of Basic Education in a public school in Belém, examining in what measure the application of the distributive property is related to the difficulties found in the mathematics learning. In this investigation, we highlight the diagnostic evolutation and the error as a didactic strategy as well as hermeneutic contribution concerning the ways of assessing the process of acquiring the skills of math. The study inlued fifth and seventh grade students of basic course and the frist uear of high school, out of forty-five sibjects. The collection was carried out in two moments by applying a test presenting three sets of questions in a total of thirteen problem situations. The procedures of the subjects concerning the application of the distributive property were described in a perspective of qualitative analysis. The protocols presented were to look for behavior patterns in the understanding of the subjects on the distributive property, as well as to clarify situations which were entitled didactic obstacles. As a result, it was evident that the students presented some difficulty to work with the application of distributive property when the latest one is found in the context of problem solutions, as well as contents like algebraic sum, study of variables, nonsimilarterms are not in the domain of most of the students.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A escola como espaço de formação continuada de professores: o caso da Escola Cidade de Emaús, Belém/Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) BARROS, Maricilda Nazaré Raposo de; GONÇALVES, Terezinha Valim Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0496932429575513
In this research, I have perspective, contribute for the discussion of the continued formation of teachers centered in school, having as locus of research the School City of Emaús, in Belém/Pa. With the purpose to knowing the process of continued formation taken place in this school it analyzes primary documents of the Institution, that deal with its philosophy, of the social statute of the maintainer entity, of the politician-pedagogical project, among others and interviews with 06 diligent teachers of this experience who had started to participate of the school space in elapsing of the considered period, in which if it includes author and its proper memories. For the reconstitution of the process I used the narrative research, looking for evidence the implanted partner-pedagogical experience since the decade of 1980 that it is configured since than, as one other/new proposal educational up to 2003. Considering for the study of the process the following axles of analysis: the formative organization of space and pertaining to school time and actions in the school, considering there the collective work, the production of didactic materials, the politic social involvement and the activities done in the district. I discuss the advances and limitation of the continued formation of teachers centering in the school and I search to point out ways to the construction of the necessary teacher to proposal of a politician-pedagogical project to this educative space, it still looks, to join technique ability to the commitment politician. This formation must assure the permanent confirmation and evaluation of the philosophy assumed by the school, as well as all theoretician-scientific recital of the work developed there, materialize the actions from the proper experience of a collective work. This formation therefore, acquires an essential character of the pertaining to school community. I also think, that from an interior politicianpedagogical project, in fact, for the diverse segments of a pertaining to school institution there are greater conditions, so that if it constructs a central axle to the continued formation of teachers, who are just integrant part of people who must concur for the same purpose. I believe the school that possess a politician-pedagogical project, compels it to the necessity of forming responsible human resources for its development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As atitudes em relação à matemática dos professores das séries iniciais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) TRINDADE, Patrícia de Campos Corrêa; SILVA, Francisco Hermes Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3912906225739008
A presente pesquisa teve como finalidade verificar a ocorrêncai de atitudes em relação à Matemática de futuros professores dos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental que atuarão em escolas no Estado do Pará. O estudo foi realizado em uma universidade pública, no município de Belém. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 96 alunos (47 do primeiro semestre e 49 do último semestre). Os instrumentos utizados para a obtenção dos dados relativos aos alunos foram uma escala, do tipo Likert, de atitude em relação à Matemática proposta por Aiken, 1969 revisada por BRITO, 1996; (Anexo I) e um questionário semi-aberto composto de questões sobre o comportamento frente ao aprendizado da Matemática e/ou sobre como enfrentar a responsabilidade de ensinar Matemática nas séries iniciais (Anexo II), cujo objetivo foi obter informações relevantes para o presente estudo. O resultado da análise das atitudes em relação à Matemática constatou que 53 pessoas das 96 têm atitudes mais positivas em relação à Matemática, ou seja, representando 52%, cuja média ficou em 51. Os resultados da análise da escala mostraram um coeficiente de confiabilidade elevado, sendo alfa = 0.9544. A análise do questionário revelou que não há diferença significativa de concepção entre os grupo entre os grupos, 63% dos sujeitos com atitudes positivas e negativas detêm a concepção mecanicista da Matemática e, evidenciou que os sujeitos que apresentam atitudes negativas (futuros professores) não têm um bom desempenho em Matemática.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Memórias de professores de ciências e biologia no início de carreira docente: conflitos e tensões
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) OLIVEIRA, Sônia Maria Maia; GONÇALVES, Terezinha Valim Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0496932429575513
The present work deals with a research narrative delineated from elements gifts in the memories of six professors of Sciences and Biology, where I search to explicit, for the reflexive inquiry, conflicts and tensions in the beginning of its careers as professors. I search to evedenciar as it was this beginning, considering for this the three first years of performance. The inquiry was carried through in a public school of Belém-Pará. having been the done choice of intentional form, in virtue of my performance as teacher of Practical of Education, in the context where the citizens act, what also it facilitated my insertion for this inquiry. The citizens of my research are egresses of the Course of Full Licenciatura in Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Pará and acts or had acted effectively in classroom in the levels basic, average and superior. The depositions had been gotten by means of half-structuralized interview, being organized in true of analysis axles, from that I argue the problem: Difficulties of personal order, the referring ones to the pertaining to school environment, and those on ones to the educational system. The gotten results had been excellent so that let us can reflect in this context diverse implications with regard to initial insertion of the professor in the career. These implications require innovative deep reflections and face the difficulties that had been found in the ambit of the analyzed axles. For being formadora teacher, I feel myself co-responsible for the initial formation of professors and I consider myself to search mechanisms essential to minimize these and other difficulties lived deeply for the professors in the beginning of its teaching career, since it is in the beginning of career that the person perceives how much it becomes necessary to learn to surpass the diverse difficulties found in the way.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O papel das interações professor-aluno na construção da solução lógico-aritmética otimizada de um jogo com regras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-02-20) CABRAL, Natanael Freitas; ALVES, José Moysés; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6500775506186127
In this dissertation, I report my professional inquietudes wich were intrinsically connected this discomfort I noted it is producing in my students, from my teaching pratice. Practing, that in many aspects, necessitated reformulations and adjustaments, in accordance to new times. It was a teaching practice based in the purposes of the modern science, that it intended to describe the relity by deterministic, exact, hierarchized and shared laws. Trying to change my practice, I (re)constructed, in the interaction with my pairs, a proposal of a Mathematics Education laboratory. The activities of this laboratory should provide a fertile environment of verbal interactions, arousing an activa participation of the students in the consturction of the knowledge. With the conviction that I needed to increase the reflection about my teaching job, I (re)constructed a new personal view of science. I supported myself in ideas of some philosophers of science, that come near of a transdisciplinary view and what has been called postmodern science. Whith this new conception, I tried to link the Mathematics Education with the principles of the Historical-Cultural Psychology, in order to appropriate myself of theoretician-methodological instruments to investigate my teaching practice. Thus, I put into practice a microgenetic analysis of my interaction with two students in a typical activity of Mathematics Education laboratory: the apprenticeship of the optimized logical-arithmetic solution of a game with rules, the Nim. I filmed the thirty-six games that I played with studentes until they discovered the opitimized strategy of game and after that, I transcribed them, integrally. The analysis pointed out three moments of the optimized strategy construction: the formulation and (re)formulation of the hypothesis; the selection, apllication and test of hypothesis and the transference of the constructed ratiocination to the formulation of new hypothesis. I observed genetics transitions in all moments and changes in the interactive standards, wich sometimes reflected a communicative boarding prodominantly dialogical (first and third moments) and sometimes they reflected authority (second moment). I perceived how the students, interacting with me, developde the capacity to regulate their own actions to solve up the problem that challenged them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A formação de professores de química na UFPA: a história de um curso de graduação e sua evolução curricular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-03-01) MACHADO, Jorge Ricardo Coutinho; CORDEIRO, Luiz Acácio Centeno; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3737752474189702
This work is a study about the chemical teacher's formation course in UFPA, telling your story starting of your curricular designs in your 30 year of life and put this story in bigger context of building of the modern science. The study goes on analising, by specific literature, the politic pedagogical project recently approved in Colegiado of this course, with the objective of to detect possible advances and conclude, starting of the backgroud described by the history of the course and by present moment, answering the question: in according with the modern society demands, how to compose, today, a chemical teacher? The search methods used in this study was interviews, by semi-structured methods, and search in books and documents, with bigger emphasis in this last method.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Saberes produzidos na ação de ensinar matemática na EJA: contribuições para o debate sobre a formação inicial de educadores matemáticos na UFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-04-01) ALVES, Osvando dos Santos; GONÇALVES, Tadeu Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6789250569319668
Throughout their teaching experience, teachers reelaborate, adapt and transmit the vast knowledge received along their initial educational process by the reflection of their own experience. This wide range of knowledge started from the teaching process, here Mathematics, becomes the basis of their professional identity. Due to the peculiarities of the Math students in the YAE (Young and Adults Education), this knowledge becomes specific too. Such peculiarities demands a reeducation, which, in most cases happens through a reflection. This research (named: Knowledge generated after the Math teaching experience in the EJA: contributions for the discussion over the graduation of Math teachers in UFPA.) aims to highlight the knowledge produced by the teaching experience process from what was said by Math teachers and trainees from YAE in the relations teachers x students, teachers x graduating contents and teachers x teachers. This is a critical look of teachers and senior trainees? own educational background and field experience, promoting an understanding, indicating guidelines for a graduation which can observe these peculiarities. For data collecting the instrument used were the controlled interview with teachers and trainees. The field experience knowledge regarding the curriculum, the students of the YAE, peculiarities of their adult life and the contextualization of the Math contents among others were highlighted. The characteristic of the reflections expressed by the teachers and trainees when speaking during the interview show that this knowledge is unnoticedly present and also that it needs to be highlighted, to have special attention and brought to discussion.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Representação social de ciência de estudantes do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-04-04) CASTRO, Sinaida Maria Vasconcelos de; MAGALHÃES, Luiz Marconi Fortes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6032076996211936
This work tells a descriptive research accomplished among students of the fundamental teaching of the municipal teach net of Belém, with the objectives of identifying the social representation of Science that those students possess, besides to understand the contents and to identify the tendencies of central nucleus revealed in those representations. The research had as subjects 124 students of a school of the municipal net of Belém, which 65 of them were studying third cycle and 59 the fourth cycle of the fundamental teaching. among the 124, 52 are male and 72 are female, distributed among the age groups from 10 to 17 years old. Such representations are discussed having as theoretical-methodological references the theory of Serge Moscovici's social representations, and their complemental theories, as the Theory of Jean-Claude Abric's Central Nucleus. The data collected through questionnaires, composed by an opened subject and one of free evocation was analyzed being used the technique of content analysis and of Vergès, respectively. The analysis of the data revealed us the restricted vinculation of the Science to the discipline school Sciences and some of their contents, as human body and environment, among others. Those results let us to conclude that such representations are strongly linked the approach adopted by the teaching of Sciences, still predominantly prescriptive and propedeutic. As conclusion we evidence the necessity of the Science teachers formation, in the expectation of making possible the implementation of teaching proposals that you/they intend to break, with traditional model, as Scientific Literacy and Science, Technology and Society (CTS), in that way contributing for the formation to active citizens' in a critical and creative way formation in our society.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reflexões sobre a formação do professor de matemática: investigando a prática de ensino no curso de licenciatura da UFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-04-19) MENDES, Maria José de Freitas; GUERRA, Renato Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3199659904537033; GONÇALVES, Tadeu Oliver; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6789250569319668
The aim of this study is to investigate the process of formation of the mathematics teacher. The target of this study lies in the contribution on the subject teaching training of mathematics on the formation of teachers facing the new paradigms of formation with professional development and as a reflexive teacher. The study involved three undergraduate students of Mathematics from Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), during the development of the subject teaching traing of mathematics and the teachers from the school where these students were training who were in continuos formation enroled on a graduate program of specialization at Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). The basic material for this study was gotten through semi-structured interviews, etnographic reports and observation carried out with activities at Núcleo Pedagógico de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico (NPADC) and at public schools in Belém. Besides describing and contextualizing historically courses of formation teachers, it also analyses the separation theory-practice clearly seen on those courses, and the lack of pedagogical and epistemology focus on the contents to be worked. Results show the need to be given a more pratical look at the pedagogical formation at undergraduate courses, leading the future teachers to develop autonomous, reflexive and investigative attitudes towards teaching.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Um enfoque sócio-histórico do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem do conceito de energia mecânica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-06) PUREZA, Odifax Quaresma; MAGALHÃES, Luiz Marconi Fortes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6032076996211936
I want, in this study, to identify, in the explanations built from the classroom interactions, elements that show the way the students build the mechanic energy's concept and its forms, in the social and historical theory's point of view, observing, if the teaching and learning procces, provided an evolution of the student's ideas related to this topic. The answers provided by the students to the questions of a pretest were organized in categorys and compared, after the teaching and learning procces, with the answers provided in a post-test. Similar to the pretest, in order to identify, if there was or not, evolution of the ideas initialy presented by the students. The teaching and learning procces analysed, happened in a physics classroom from the 1st grade of the medium teaching, where participated a teacher and thirtyfive students. Was selected to analysis, a class recorded on video cassete tapes and on a micro cassete tapes, where was used as a selection rule of the episodes, the way that each group built, in the interaction with the teacher, the answer to the following question: in which type of energy, the mechanic energy associated to the sphere in the point A of a sloping plain, would turn into when it arrive at the point B in the same plain. A microgenetic analysis of the interactions and production of meanings occured in the classroom was made, where we try to make evident, the teacher's purpose, the discuss content, the comunicative approach, the standard of interactions and the forms of the teacher's interventions, in accord with the categories suggested by mortimer ans Scott (2002). This Analysis made evident the importance of the interactions in knowledge build, where the teacher made use of a comunicative approach interactive dialogic, but essentialy, of a comunicative approach interactive of authority. The standard of interactions made were, in some moments, of the type I - R - A, in another moments, of the type I - R - F - R ..., or still, of the type I - R - P - R .... The Teacher's Purposes during his intervenctions were sometimes in order to explore the Students's view and the understanding about specific ideas or phenomena, and sometimes to introduce or develop the scientific story, when making the scientific ideas available in the classroom social plan, or still, in order to guide and to keep the students's narrative in the way of this story's building. The teacher's pedagogic interventions forms, varied between give a shape to the meanings imputed by the students or to check their understanding about the meanings imputed in specific situations, or still, to mark key meanings, important to the building of the wanted explanation,as well as, to see the scientific story progress again. The interactions between the teacher and the students created a discuss in the classroom plan, xii which content propitiate that the students could build, to the situation in question, explanations guided by theory, because, those explanations always happened supported by a theoretic model that gaves them a sustentations to their elaborations. When comparing the pretest and the post-test results through the categories proposed in this study, it was made evident that, from the twelve-nine(29) students that took part in both, the pre and the post-test, twelve(20) showed an evolution in the thinking way and nine (9) kept themselves in the same category that they were classified by the pretest. From these, one (1) Already showed, by the pretest a way of thinking correspondent to the C5 category, which correspond to a more elaborated Thought about the mechanic energy topic and its forms, in a way that makes impossible to show in post-test na evolution in the way of thinking about this topic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Matemática e Cartografia: como a cartografia pode contribuir no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da matemática?
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-07) ROCHA, Maria Lúcia Pessoa Chaves; ESPÍRITO SANTO, Adilson Oliveira do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5870609258842071
Mathematics Teaching is being under changes trough the previous years in order to make learning more profitabe and less disgusting to students, contributing thus, to the improvement of their learning. Search for.the improvement of mathematics through alternative methodologies is being the major approach of the moment. Mathematics modeling represents one of those methodolieges. Through the use their creeds and instructions, the present paper aims to associate cartographys a math model, the contenporâneous tools which are the basis of teaching learning process of math. Cartography termed as a set of comprehensive technologies and graphic representation of the earth surface which basis are assentially mathematic, have constitued a great tool of date representation and information of the surface by several professionals, this paper is for its application through mathematics modeling to the process of enforcenent of teaching-learning process of math.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interações sociais e o discurso sobre o visível e o invisível em aulas de química
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-07) PARENTE, Andrela Garibaldi Loureiro; ALVES, José Moysés; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6500775506186127
Our study, starting from interaction and dialogue, aims to understand the elaboration of explanations in chemistry classes, from the point of view of the theoretical and empirical aspects of this knowledge. A teacher and her 26-student-class of a high school first year of a government public school of Belém-Pa participated of the research. A class involving the realization of an experiment about the formation of dust was planned. Four groups of students were formed to carry out the experiment. After observing the experiment, the four groups of students discussed with each other, with the teacher, after that, they discussed with the whole class and the teacher. The dialogues among the groups and with the class were recorded and integrally transcripted. We used microgenetic analysis to study the dialogue of one of the groups without the presence of the teacher, and later with the teacher and the whole class. We identified in the dialogue the sequences from which arose the explanations. In these sequences we used the categories proposed by Mortimer & Scott (2002) to analyze the intentions, the contents, the communicative approach, the interaction patterns and the teacher’s interventions. These analyses made it possible for us to understand and discuss how students elaborate explanations in classes and, in each of them the participation of theoretical and empirical aspects of the chemistry knowledge. Thus, we observed that the explanations which were elaborated by the students took in account knowledge from different origins: empirical observation of the experiment, previous school learning, everyday concepts and the theoretical knowledge shared by the teacher. A dialogical communicative approach was predominant, but, whenever necessary for the elaboration of the explanation to relate the empirical with the theoretical, the communicative approach was predominantly one of authority.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Etnoastronomia Tembé-Tenetehara como matriz de abordagem (etno)matemática no ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-24) BARROS, Osvaldo dos Santos; MENDES, Iran Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4490674057492872
Using the reading of the Temb-Tenetehara culture as matrix of explanation of scientific Astronomy to consider, from its interface with the school Mathematics, strategies of approach of the school contents of Mathematics, the activities that we develop daily, in view of the dialogal joint between knowledge crated by the context of the society and the culture and scientific knowledge disseminated by the school.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A realidade como princípio metodológico no ensino da matemática
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-05-24) SILVA, Luiza Pereira da; MENDES, Iran Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4490674057492872
This study has the purpose to argue the actions developed in the school in an interdisciplinary conception, having the Generating Subject as axle of curricular orientation, using as a methodological strategy for construction of the thematic nets in the classroom the work projects (inquiry projects). We believe that the process of teach-learning and the construction of the school and scientific knowledge from the valuation and approach with knowledge of the reality (daily knowledge), will become more efficient in a dialogical process between students, teachers and knowledge that interact in a movement of orientation on the part of the teacher and for the search to understanding methematics knowledge, applying it and systemizing it toward new knowledge.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Refletindo uma prática pedagógica no ensino de ciências baseada na alfabetização científica: relato de uma parceria entre professora e pesquisador
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-08-31) OLIVEIRA, Sued Silva de; GUIMARÃES, Diva Anelie de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2891287458034896
The scientific literacy has been focused for some years as a methodological trend in science teaching. Its main objective is to educate citizens and make them take part in the science course through a clearer comprehension of its goals. However, to accomplish that, it is necessary that teachers reflect on the limitations that are imposed to the teaching practice before trying to adopt a new methodology. This way, partnerships between researchers and teachers can be more efficient in the process of conducting changes in the traditional teaching. The efficiency of these partnerships is in the reflection moments that happen on the practice shared by teachers and researchers. Furthermore, the trasnformations in teaching tend to be permanent and efficient when teachers knowledge is taken into account, which makes a more autonomous pedagogic remake for teachers possible. In this paper, the reflections of a science teacher about a pedagogic proposal based on the scientific alphabetization is shown, analyzed and discussed. It is used an action research in order to establish a partnership between the teacher and the researcher. For this purpose, first the initial teachers formation and her school daily profile are reviewed. Then, the teachers reflection about the pedagogic activity is stressed. This research aims to underline the importance of partnerships between teachers and researchers who pursues the development of teaching practice through reflection. It was verified that the effected partnership was useful, since it enabled the teacher to have a more investigating perspective about her practice, that is, it made her question it and propose new ways.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Obstáculos epistemológicos no estudo do calor
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-10-30) RIBEIRO, Elinete Oliveira Raposo; BRITO, Licurgo Peixoto de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100592138044970
The intention of this work is to identify epistemological obstacles in the process of construction of related physical concepts to the heat, from the epistemology of Gaston Bachelard. The research was developed, having as public target, students of third series in the average education of a public school of Belém. For the identification of epistemological obstacles, a questionnaire of opened answers was elaborated, which was applied, first in a group, objectifying the validation of the inquiry instrument. This test, guided the reformulation of the questionnaire for future application in other groups. The answers make possible three different strategies of analysis: in the first one it was focused presence of epistemological obstacles without restricting students or questions, from which it was identified the presence of substantiality obstacle, first experience, verbal, realistic and animistic common knowledge; second it was guided to detect epistemological obstacles disclosed by each student, in all the set of questions, where we verify the presence of at least one epistemological obstacle in the set of answers of each student; third it searched to relate each question (topical) with the corresponding epistemological obstacles, where we verify that the obstacles of the first and substantiality experience were present in answers of almost all the boarded topics, and the obstacles of, verbal, realistic and animistic the common knowledge, are present in lesser frequency. In the attempt to contribute with the improvement of Physics Education, the work shows some suggestions to the theacher, searching the overcoming of these obstacles for the students.