Teses em Sociologia e Antropologia (Doutorado) - PPGSA/IFCH
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/8829
O Doutorado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia e Antropologia (PPGSA) é vinculado ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Arena pública, dominação e resistência em um território amazônico: o fórum de desenvolvimento sustentável das ilhas de Belém-PA (2006-2020)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-11-24) LOPES, João Luiz da Silva; TEISSERENC, Maria José da Silva Aquino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799861202638255This study discusses the way in which island riverside communities in the cities of Belém and Acará, state of Pará-Brazil, mobilized and participated in the Public Arena / Forum of Sustainable Development of the Islands, to claim their rights regarding health, education, sanitation, water supply, public security, electric / solar energy, income generation and overcome its invisibility. To analyze this problem, was adopted as a framework for analysis the sociological approach to collective action by Daniel Cefaï, Veiga and Mota (2011), which privileges the local situations that are at the origin of the constitution of public arenas. The study requires a descriptive qualitative approach in which the collection of information / data was carried out through informal conversation; participant observation in events such as: meetings, deliveries of food baskets, toys and school supplies, visits and collective initiatives; documents research (project, plans, reports and meeting minutes); and open interviews with active people from the island riverside communities, the government, religious institutions, NGOs of research and extension. The results indicate that in a territorial context historically marked by clientelistic socio-political relations, it is reasonable to consider this experience of participation and mobilization as an important event, which constitutes political education, with the necessary learning towards the inclusion of this subordinated segment in the decision-making process regarding public policies of their interest. This mobilization benefited from the essential support of technicians from public agencies, specialists from universities and politicians from the progressive field to encourage the complaint against injustices inherited from colonization, maintained and updated by the domination system, with perverse effects impregnated in the set of relations with the active people of the local power system - what is called coloniality. The mobilization faced resistance from a certain conception that it sees as island riverside communities as backward and doomed to disappear. The strategies of the riverside people have contributed to the politicization of local challenges, but have been limited by several elements, such as the absence of an innovative legal apparatus, disregard for the unequal conditions of participation, the use of inadequate methodologies, the lack of appreciation of the work of translators / mediators, the lack of recognition of the subject's diversity of ontologies, an incomprehension of the different cosmologies and epistemologies, factors that worked as barriers to mobilize and also question the traditional domination system on which local power is based.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Braz é (e) quem ‘a faz’: paisagens de poder, experiências e apropriações na avenida Braz de Aguiar, em Belém (PA), Amazônia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-31) OLIVEIRA, Enderson Geraldo de Souza; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101In this research, I observe some subjects' experiences on Avenida Braz de Aguiar, in the neighborhood of Nazaré, which is considered destined for the middle bands of Belém do Pará, Amazon. Taking into account that landscapes are procedural constructions (SANSOT, 1983; SILVEIRA, 2004; ECKERT, 2009; ECKERT and ROCHA, 2013), I paid attention mainly to the establishment of “power landscapes” (ZUKIN, 1996), which are attractions and / or are consistent with the subjects' practices. Such powers, especially the economic one, are expressed by habitus (BOURDIEU, 1983), perceptible throughout Ethnography of Street (ECKERT and ROCHA, 2013) and Ethnography of Duration (ECKERT and ROCHA, 2013). At the street, services were and still are aimed for financially privileged layer of the city, with greater purchasing power and status, something fundamental in building and maintaining a certain “distinction” in the context of Belen. Braz, then, becomes a “socially hierarchical geographic space” (BOURDIEU, 2007), in which leisure (VEBLEN, 1965) seems to be more achievable, but not for everyone. Together, this points out to the establishment of specific processes of sociability and sociation (SIMMEL, 1983) in the urban world of Belen, in which it is also necessary to discuss the “aristocratic” way in which some individuals adhere/(re)create such contemporary urban physiognomy and how the avenue is referred to and represented on social media.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Como os nêgos dos palmares: uma nova história de resistência na serra da Barriga - AL(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-18) CORREIA, Rosa Lucia da Silva; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101; ALENCAR, Edna Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7555559649274791This research deals with the struggle for freedom of the besiegers of the Serra da Barriga, in União dos Palmares, Alagoas. The space housed the largest settlement of runaway slaves of America, the Palmares, and for this reason in 1986 was recognized as a cultural and natural heritage of the nation. In 1988 he received the title of National Monument, which led to the dispossession of local land for the purpose of several scientific studies, reforestation and construction of a memorial park, a sort of themed museum that resembles in architecture and landscape the old building quilombo. Since then the residents Zone peasants of Alagoas Mata, one of the areas of greatest sugarcane production in the Northeast are experiencing labor restrictions and threats of expulsion by the State and the Black Movement. The situation is very similar to the time lived under the rule of local mill owners and is significantly also similar, as they themselves say, to time of the blacks of Palmares that lived in the place there is over 300 years, to flee of plantagens sugar cane for to live in freedom. The fight is for survival, for land and labor, guarantees of freedom for any farmer, that have been denied since the patrimonialization of the Serra da Barriga. The ethnographic research brings, therefore, the ownership of memory space and the everyday forms of resistance the peasant in conflict with national heritage and collective memory of the Black Movement. In this endeavor, the theories about the peasantry, especially in the Northeast, the campesinidade, everyday forms of peasant resistance and the triad memory, history and heritage were vital to this issue.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Construção naval artesanal e a metamorfose do trabalho, capital na Amazônia: um estudo sobre construtores de embarcações de madeira em Igarapé-Miri (PA)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-03) CORRÊA, Edson de Jesus Antunes; FURTADO, Lourdes de Fátima Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366Case study about the traditional activity of Handicraft Boatbuilding of "wooden boat builders" from Igarapé-Miri municipality, Pará State and the metamorphosis of the work, capital in Amazon. The objective is to investigate the transformations in way of living and social reproduction of these workers in the context of surrounding society, compared to progressive incorporation of emergent technologies in production of multiple use boats in global market, identifying the forms of maintenance and social reproduction of this means of traditional knowledge, which, since its origin until nowadays, sustain hundreds of people occupied with this economical, social and cultural activity in Pará. This activity shows in its functional structure three segments: the naval carpenter, the caulker and the naval painter, and the hierarchical structure of work is composed by the master craftsman, professional craftsman and the apprentice. The master craftsmen are the center of work, they're the coordinators and owners of crafting shipyards, detainers of tacit intellectual assets passed from each generation to the next they manage to maintain their families in the most adverse situations due to the payment of the activity belonging to the family, and they have the social commitment of sustaining them. In this aspect, it can be seen in the last years the increasing concentration of boat production for manufacturing of rabeta and rabetão motorboat types as well as the insertion of commercialization and production of welded aluminum boats of the same model in Igarapé-Miri town. This generated changes that affected relations of production, income and job offering in crafting shipyards directly, modifying and adapting progressively the way of living and social reproduction of craft builders. The research adopted the methodological pattern of the experiences of case studies, utilizing methodological procedures of different genres in a strategically quantitative and qualitative research in which the ethnographical method permeates the entire analysis.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) ‘Cria(da)s’, ‘Casadas’: “meninas”, “circulação” e “entrega” em Breves (Marajó)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-30) CASTRO, Avelina Oliveira de; GONÇALVES, Telma Amaral; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7335593537033167; MOTTA-MAUÉS, Maria Angelica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7861116876230464The presented thesis identifies and reads, anthropologically, narratives and livings of "circulation" and "deliver" of female adolescents, around sexuality, built in the day-to-day, in Breves town, in Marajó. Its an etnography that has been realized between the years of 2016 and 2020, in the refered town, using as methodology, the direct and participant observation. The research contemplated as main interlocutors 36 people being 26 women and 10 men, besides listening dynamics in conversation wheel another 26 adolescents – 15 girls and 11 boys – and another 18 children from public schools and also a number of residents with whom there has been coliving, observation and listening throughout the period of realization of the research in the field. Through theorical references from feminism and studies of coloniality it has been observed and analyzed inside the process of circulation, enlarged in this thesis, the movemente of deliver, not only of "crias de família" but also the deliver of teenage girls to the marital purposes. Both movements – and rituals – of delivery possibilitate visualizing relationships crossed by reflexes of Brazilian colonization, observed, in a type of "enslavery culture", but also by relationships of coloniality in all of its dimensions, such as genre, once these dynamics are, mainly, with girls, in a process that objetifies them, but in which also can be observed their actions in the sense of confrontation and resistence to the lived opressions.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Dinâmicas divergentes em zonas de produção para a exportação: os caminhos de Brasil e China.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04-29) AMARAL, Francinézio Lima do; SILVA, Carlos Freire da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7489756177996098; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-0202-8678; CHAVES, Andréa Bittencourt Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2807941293114021; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-9265This thesis analyzes the process of hegemonization of the concept of economic development within Western imperialist capitalism, focusing on its impositions of economic and political subalternization that have impacted the attitudes and decisions of policymakers in the governments of Brazil and China. These influences are reflected in the construction of their planning and action instruments, particularly in relation to the dynamics of their export production zones as regional development policies, within a context of crisis in the hegemony of power in the current geopolitical scenario. Subsequently, the thesis examines the legacies of socioeconomic development of the Manaus Free Trade Zone (ZFM) and the Strategic Economic Zones (ZEEs), aiming to reflect on the paths each has taken up to the present day. It seeks to draw attention to the urgent need to restore the centrality of debates in the Social Sciences regarding the roles of the concepts of State, development, subalternization, and hegemony in the current geopolitical context, in light of the structural crisis of capitalism. By comparing unequal objects, the thesis highlights the historical, economic, political, and social factors that bring them closer together, thereby revealing causes, effects, and learning opportunities that may contribute to the search for alternatives to the challenges and demands faced by nation-building projects in the Global South.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Doutora, eu vim tentar a sorte”: o atalhar no Hospital Público João de Barros Barreto(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-26) TAVARES, Aderli Goes; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366; SÁ, Samuel Maria de Amorim e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3256903697536068The study focused on users' access to public health services, in this case access to the University Hospital João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB), a hospital Unified Health System (SUS) located in the urban area in the neighborhood of Guama, in Belém, PA. The focus of the study were the social networks of relationships built by ‘guamaenses’ users to access medical consultations in medical clinic specialties, pulmonology, endocrinology at the hospital's specialty clinic. The informal approach was called "shortcuts" and is configured as an internal social organization that adds partial social networks (BARNES, 1987) external and internal. "Shortcuts" are part of a rhizome social structure (DELEUZE & GUATTARI, 2000), with entries for different spaces and a work process focused on designing hegemonic hospital-and philanthropic health. In hospitals, workers, particularly physicians, operate by "negotiated" (CARAPINHEIRO, 2005). The problem of inefficiency of SUS regulation to organize access and other SUS structural problems when the lower supply that demand prevents the exercise of universal access of citizens to health services and contribute to the discovery and building innovations for access , which Castoriadis (1982) interprets as "instituting" in an institution or what Carapinheiro (2005) points out as "therapeutic pathways." In case, the informal access in HUJBB is called "docking", the "door of hope" and was interpreted as a subsystem of the SUS, living with a syncretic public administration, with marks of public administration with rationalists impersonal principles and culture relational Brazilian. Between the rational and impersonal, SUS and marginality in the system, users and workers found the "gaps" in the formal system. They administer them through rational knowledge and relational and personalized, the very last of the formation of the Brazilian people, and use them to extend the standards and rules, they did not break the rules and do not make the "shortcut" the legal, and rather build a bridge within the SUS itself that makes it worth the recommended universal to access constitutionally Brazilians, reducing the waiting time and possibly allowing rehabilitate the health of users, preventing death.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Experiência mística como narrativa e poesia (sincretismos e traduções) na cultura: a cura pela linguagem na cabala e no reiki em Belém e Marituba- PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-25) SILVA, André Luiz Martins da; MAUÉS, Raymundo Heraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0915136632611666The thesis presented here deals with the question of mystique as an anthropological phenomenon, considering the phenomenon of mystique in culture as in language, also noting the mystical healing, in other words, the understanding of a mystical experience process in the narrative of illness or healing in practitioners of Kabbalah and Reiki in Belem and Marituba. Find a comprehension of the relationship between mystique and life, in the sense of an anthropological analysis of narratives and poems contained in the way of telling the mystical experience of the different mysticals. There is also a discussion to understand how ethnography made by the anthropologist may be affected by the narrative experience, that is, the native ethnography in the form of mystical narrative. It begins the discussion on the injunctions between ethnography and literature. Also discusses how mystical experience is treated in literary writers as poets and essayists Fernando Pessoa and Jorge Luis Borges, meaning that the mystical experience of these writers is transformed into his literary and poetic works. The mystique as metalanguage enables us to think of ethnography as metalanguage like the literature, showing the ethnographic notion as metalanguage consistent with literature. The thesis shows that the anthropological field of mystique can not be seen as a derived manifestation of religion field, or an epiphenomenon of religion. Although it has relations with religion, mystique, observed in Kabbalah and Reiki practiced in Belem and Marituba moves away from the religion field and maintains close relationships with the art field, it means to say that the mystical experience command occurs in transfiguration of life of the mysticals in a masterpiece, in a work lived in language and orality. Mystics observed both in Kabbalah as in Reiki are narrators of their lives, literary works inscribed in language, speech, bricolage of multiple references, syncretism between mystique, life and world. In some cases it observed the distance and a contrast of mystical experience against religious experience because even those mystics who claim to be religious are actually opposed to religion in order to show in their narratives that there should be an individual’s return to Self. An understanding of the Sacred is not tied to the religious institution, but is referred to within the search experience of the individual in that sense religiosity turns to be mystic, which differs from one religious identity. The mystic in his narrative takes different skins, different people, mystical narrative presents a mystical ethos that does not fit the vision of a religious ethos, because the ethos of the mystique is flexible and performative.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) A fabricalização do trabalho docente nas instituições de ensino superior privadas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-27) SOARES NETO, Edson Paiva; SANTOS, Terezinha Fátima Andrade Monteiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9502681594591950; CHAVES, Andréa Bittencourt Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2807941293114021; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-9265Since the 1990s, higher education in Brazil has undergone political and administrative changes that established a new regulatory framework for the establishment of private higher education institutions (HEIs) for profit. Just as it has driven, through a public fund, the expansion and private domain in the offer of educational services, whose repercussions are identified with the adoption, by the private HEIs, of business techniques and methods guided by entrepreneurial and managerial ideologies, which prioritize massification, standardization, cost reduction and strictly marketing utilitarianism from work management to service provision. In view of this, it was adopted as a research objective: to analyze the process of power and domination over teaching workers from private higher education institutions in Brazil, highlighting the moment of opening higher education to the private sector and the consequences on work, career, leisure and health forms. Thus, the following specific objectives were considered: to discuss the capital offensive within the scope of the state sphere in the conduct of educational policies; to identify and analyze what the business managers' speeches and values are transmitted by private HEIs to teachers; highlight and analyze which productive methods and techniques are used by private HEIs in the process of dominating teaching workers and; examine the work process and its repercussions on teaching workers. As a hypothesis, the type of fabrication is defended as an expression that refers to the domination of capital, circumscribed in the historical movement of structural reforms of the neoliberal State in matters of work, education and productivist ideology and in the adoption and adaptation by private HEIs of methods and techniques from the factory experiences and unpaid overwork. It is a quantitative and qualitative research in private HEIs in the capital of Pará, with field observation of middle and high-level educational managers, interviews and questionnaires (descriptive statistics) for teaching workers and consultation of documentary sources. The results showed an increase in the intensity and professional requirements of HEIs to teachers: 1) discipline with deadlines and use of performance indicators by HEIs; 2) greater dedication and involvement in educational and institutional activities; 3) In “valuing” behavioral attributes that reflect pro-activity, an entrepreneurial stance; 4) in other areas of life, teaching workers: they have low participation in social movements, life restricted to the professional and family space; their forms of leisure are restricted to their own home (television, films and computer); about health, they were evaluated with high occurrence, respectively: tiredness, postural problems and stress.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Filho que é filho não abandona a mãe, e a mãe não abandona o filho”: Testemunhos de milagres na devoção à Nossa senhora de Nazaré em Belém do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-28) RAMOS, José Maria Guimarães; MORAES JÚNIOR, Manoel Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2429279552706202; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-7671The present work is a study on popular Catholicism stands in Belém - Pará, it is an exercise of analyzing elements of the social imaginary of the devotees of the Virgin of Nazaré from the elements observed in the narratives of miracles that take the form of testimonies, of which are takes a hermeneutical approach. The research field, that is, the Casa de Plácido, was built around actions that characterizes the dynamics of the testimonies, that is, narratives of pilgrimages, healings, graces and miracles. The assumption is that testimonies of miracles are part of a social process, of a religious view of the world that helps to configure and understand the local culture. For this reason, the theoretical instrument chosen for this analysis is the hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur's testimony, which is a theory to interpret as the testimony of a religious nature and its social meanings expressed in the testimonial narratives of the devotees.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Juventude e participação: jovens na gestão compartilhada da Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Caeté-Taperaçu, em Bragança, Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-21) LAMARÃO, Maria Luiza Nobre; MANESCHY, Maria Cristina Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5129734199358770This thesis analyzes the weak participation of young people in the shared management of a coastal protected area – Extractive Reserve - in Bragança municipality, Pará State (Brazil). It focuses on the question: if the Reserve is a public policy aimed at the environmental sustainability of the territory, how to ensure this goal without meaningful participation of young residents and users? The research data derive from interviews with eighty young residents of two villages within the Reserve jurisdiction, as well as with the leaders and managers. It found that the youngsters do engage in communitarian practices without, however, entering the arenas of the territory management, especially local committees and councils. Actually, they more often ignore the policy from which they benefit. Besides, there is no consistent capacity building in view of the new commitments regarding the Reserve management. They face the dilemma of staying or leaving the communities, as there are few opportunities to work and study. Their life projects are thought away from fishing, crabs collection and small farming within the boundaries of their communities. It is therefore necessary to invest in socializing means to involve young dwellers in the formal spaces of management, in ways that encourage their creative potential and cooperation. The end is to foster local livelihoods and culture, backing the identity of their territory in its new social and political structure.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) O lugar do corpo no corpo do lugar: uma etnografia da panha do açaí entre jovens da Ilha das Onças - Pa(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-07-27) BASSALO, Terezinha de Fátima Ribeiro; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101The relationship between bodies and places in daily activities is the theme of this study which aims to present and at the same time understand, the forms and meanings attributed to such relationships in the practice of collecting açaí. The research carried out on Ilha das Onças - an island region close to Belém, capital of the state of Pará, in the northern region of Brazil -took place from the entrance in the açaizais belonging to seven young interlocutors - two female and five male - and made it possible to follow the universe of açaí “panha”, through experiences and narratives. The "panha" - name given by the residents of Ilha das Onças to the activity of collecting açaí - is here understood as a relational action between humans and plants, which is expressed as a technique and at the same time as an individual skill why conforms one own way of accomplishment, whose aim is to reap the rewards without hurting them, involving risks, heights and a lot of care. It reveals how interwoven the bodies of people are with their places of residence, which are also places of work. The collection of açaí, among the set of body techniques practiced on the islands near Belém, is a secular, ancestral and, therefore, traditional activity, and the collected product is a source of food and an economic base for those who live on Ilha das Onças. The experience in the açaizais accompanying people who collect the açaí, resulted in an ethnography of the “panha”, based on three body movements with different rhythms: the ascent, the arrival at top of palm tree, the descent and other perceptions. After the “panha” comes the “dibulha” and the packaging of the fruits in rasas in a handmade way, because beautiful and useful, preparing the moment when the product will be exposed, touched, tasted and marketed. The “panha” also leaves marks on the bodies of the collectors, revealing traces of the plant's agency, stigmas and attribution of masculinity. She is a “man's job”, but she is also a woman's. Women “panham” the “bébi” and “panham” the açaí. In short, the bodies of collectors and collectors are constituted by a permanent and updated inter-agency interplay between environment, society and the individual that is imprinted on them, as in a palimpsest. The relationship between man / woman and plant / açaí sets up a braid in the island's landscapes.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Memórias em movimento histórias de luta e resiliência: faces cabanas da identidade Amazônica(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-13) RABELO, Agnaldo Aires; MAUÉS, Raymundo Heraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0915136632611666Memories in Motion: Fight Stories and Resilience: Faces huts Amazon Identity is the continuation of an ethnographic, survey from incursions in the field, in the valley of the river grass, in the State of Pará Northeast. geographical space I met old of old, which tell stories about the elements, which for Maués (2006), allow us to understand the formation of an Amazonian identity, including the memory of Cabanagem that significance to, the region with the Revolt Capim occurred in 1891. In this (reunion with the past / present, initially review the different faces of the movimento, histórica base for the following chapters. These ethnographic, which constitute a proposal for understanding the Cabanagem and persistence of a permanent cabin condition of struggle and resilience, which is present when the streets of Bethlehem are taken by the invasion of a people river in Nazareth Círio. condition similar to standing aristocracy on the ground (Dalcídio Jurandir 2008) and dalcidianos Alfredos the island of Santana do Arari, located in Ponta de Pedras municipality (Marajó), selected for the research, among other historical reasons, have been a point resistance to cabanos. Thus, this work of historical-literary and ethnographic character, the main objective: to understand the faces of an Amazonian identity, from the perspective of Maués (2006), approximately so, texts and etnoliterários realities, have similarities, therefore, beyond the historicist buildings mobilization, or a Cabanagem restricted to the cities of space, currently, it is studying the struggle of cabanos that were embrenhados in the forests and rivers of the Amazon, proposing another version of this story. "A version that shows a territory that since long, housed many working men and women and that is far from the image of the" green hell "or" demographic vacuum "that was imposed on the region with clear political motives." (Ricci 2008, p.169). Considering thus the thesis: that the historical conditions of political domination, social and economic exploitation and power struggles, affect the outbreak of popular revolutions, and are part of a long-term structure (Sahlins 2004), and especially from the perspective Gadamer's hermeneutic circle (2002), designed according to the principles of a philosophical hermeneutics of understanding the world. Being present in the scenes of Amazon life (Verissimo 2013), lived along the real ethnographic experience and etnoliterárias works, we seek incessantly, eager to understanding the Amazon reality.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Minha cor é o Brasil? o desmonte administrativo e simbólico da Fundação Cultural Palmares(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-24) SILVA JUNIOR, Elton Luis da; SANTOS, Patrícia da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3554364096207512; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-1311The objective of this work is to analyze how the actions and speeches of the former President of the Palmares Cultural Foundation – FCP, Sérgio do Nascimento Camargo,combined with the phenomenon of Bolsonarism experienced by Brazil, imply denialism and omission of the fight against racism in the country, reflecting in an administrative and symbolic dismantling of that institution. In this sense, we carried out an analysis of concrete institutional actions that sought to weaken the main federal institution for promoting Afro-Brazilian culture and combating racism in the country. To do so, we carried out research on the institution's official website in order to identify official documents such as Ordinances, Normative Instructions, Legislation, Official Notes to investigate the way in which the administrative and symbolic dismantling of the FCP is taking place. In addition, we conducted interviews with two Quilombola leaders from Pará to understand how the dismantling of the foundation impacted the daily life of the territories with regard to access or not to social rights. Methodologically, for research analysis, we used the technical steps of content analysis, as follows: organization of information; reading of the material; exploration and maturation of the corpus; treatment of the results, inference and interpretation about how the then management of the FCP promoted an administrative and symbolic dismantling of the institution and its reflections in the daily life of two Quilombola Communities in Pará. From the critical reading of the documents and interviews, we organized the main points of discussion in categories of interpretative analysis. The results of the research show that the management of the institution moved in the opposite direction to the policy of valuing Afro-Brazilian culture, stimulating racism in its various ramifications and aversion to the elements of Afro- Brazilian valuation. Therefore, we understand that the institutional actions of the management of Sérgio Camargo and his team acted in the opposite direction to the Foundation's Internal Regulations, attacking daily, in social networks and institutionally, everything that was related to our Afro-Brazilian heritage.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Movimentos indígenas no Acre: interculturalidade e produção de saberes face a situação colonial(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-30) ARAUJO, Felipe Nascimento; GARCÉS, Claudia Leonor López; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5655397771707702; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-0152The Thesis is based on an analysis of three intersecting dimensions of the indigenous movement in Acre: the protagonism of Indigenous Agroforestry Agents (AAFIs), the protagonism of women, and the protagonism of youth. The aim was to understand how, through intercultural practices, agents of this movement produce knowledge about the colonial situation to which indigenous peoples are subjected. In this direction, there is a discussion of macro concepts such as the Anthropocene to understand the contemporary colonial situation, in an effort to intertwine them with the visions of these and other leaders. The thesis emerges in the form of a descriptive mosaic and interweaves a line of discussion about interculturality as an art of interethnic relations, its possibilities and limitations in facing the threats inherent in the colonial situation by the indigenous peoples with whom the fieldwork was conducted.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Mulheres Tembé-Tenetehara: entre saias, memórias, subjetividades e fotografias(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-27) CARDOSO, Ana Shirley Penaforte; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366This thesis is the result of an ethnographic study about indigenous women from the Tembé Tenetehara people who live in the Alto Rio Guamá Indigenous Territory (TIARG) in the state of Para, Brazil. This research draws on fieldwork experiences and observations with cultural leader Kuzà'i, shaman Francisca, and information about the late chief Veronica Tembe’s life, who passed away in December 2013. This study uses photography as a tool for interaction and analysis, creating ethnography through visual anthropology lens. This theoretical and methodological approach goal was to observe the convergences between verbal and visual statements that enable us to understand the historically constructed indigenous people identity production from the coloniality perspective, a concept that diverges from how the indigenous themselves perceive their daily lives. This study seeks to reflect on the indigenous women historically constructed symbolic image and analyze this imagistic aspect production that conflict with the indigenous people perspectives, whose comprehension of themselves differs considerably from the version imposed by outsiders. The thesis aims to analyze the Tenetehara women subjectivities in their cultural practices and the historical society movements’ context, which distinguish them from the 305 indigenous people currently living in Brazil, with 275 having "local" languages (IBGE, 2010). These field observations and informations allow us to recognize the historical generalization imposed on indigenous populations in the country, which perpetuates an Eurocentric "Indian" identity, marked by exoticism and neglects these people particularities. This identity is a coloniality power result, a colonial device that permeates history and resonates in contemporary society. Thus, this thesis aims to examine the indigenous women protagonism, using the body-territory concept (CELENTANI, 2014; XAKRIABÁ, 2018; KARIPUNA, 2021), which is a central element of their way of life. These women bodies’ images within their struggles, rights, and achievements are conceived as an instrument of knowledge, memory, and perception, which are embodied in the Territory, distancing us from the imposed matrix and the coloniality gaze.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Não brinca com São Benedito”: um estudo antropológico das narrativas nas devoções beneditinas de Bragança - PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-11) SANT'ANNA, Elcio; MAUÉS, Raymundo Heraldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0915136632611666It is a study of the "narrative of Saint Benedict in Bragança festivities - Pará" which indelibly mark the calendar of micro region, more sharply from 18 to 26 December for almost 218 years. San Benito stories would realize their full activity when the Holy driven by faith, in the form of petitions, prayers, bring blessings, healings and straighten the life of the faithful. The research is oriented primarily for non-reductionist approach to prevent dichotomies such as myths and rituals, festivities and narrative. By adopting this approach to thinking a comprehensive model, called here agoráticas experiences that aims to shed light on the images seen in the ethnographic experience, so as not to dissociate the narrative and parties. For this research, together with emulators and their caregivers, the narratives of the Holy in the path tangle of esmolação. Rescue Marujada history as festive-institutional context for stories amid Benedictine esmolações. And perceives a "mesh" of narrative is formed from travel Emulators San Benito, the construction of "verbal maps" of devotion in the region of the settlers. And it focuses on a moment the figure of the Guardians of Esmolação as "narrators of San Benito". In addition, it presents exemplary narratives, reinforcing the impact of the content of the devotion of the settlers, making clear the performative competence of storytellers.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) No vai e vem das marés, o movimento da vida: mulheres, família e trabalho na Ilha de Quianduba, Abaetetuba/PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-29) AMARAL, Waldileia Rendeiro da Silva; MOTTA-MAUÉS, Maria Angelica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7861116876230464This study presents the dynamic and the cultural variability of families that belong to a social segment from Amazonia historically called ribeirinho (not always named like that by themselves) who live in an area close to Abaetetuba Islands. From the relationship between family and work - including gender's injunctions focused on female leadership inside the current dynamic family's organization - I aim to understand how the families' reconfiguration happens, considering their profiles, relatives groups (even though variable) and important aspects that build the familiar environment. I observe carefully the functions of men and women (including children), their ways of bringing material and affective provisions, the using of money, the domestic work and production. These study objects are seeimg considering the gender relations and its influence during family routine (generating and steps of the circle of life), especially the meaning of the life that they live.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Noivado e ritos pré-nupciais: um estudo sobre significados, experiências e codificações de uma unidade cultural(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-24) ALENCAR, Breno Rodrigo de Oliveira; RODRIGUES, Carmem Izabel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5924616509771424This thesis aims to identify the place of engagement and prenuptial rites in anthropo-logical theory. Based on the concept of cultural unity, it analyzes the way in which bridal beliefs and behaviors are formulated, stimulated or repressed having as an interface the decomposition of the codes that make this ritual the main expression of the alliance process in urban segments. Drawing attention to the literature review, the first part of the work emphasizes the plurality of interpretive cut-outs and the relevance of enga-gement as a category of analysis, whether within contemporary rituals or the interpre-tation of the alliance in kinship studies. This part of the thesis is also dedicated to iden-tifying the values, processes and symbols that regulate the choice of engagement as a type of relationship in the urban world, adopting, as a source of reflection, the contri-butions of Thales de Azevedo and the vocabulary that permeates their meanings in social networks, press and cinema. The second part of the thesis emphasizes the in-terlocution with the subjects, having the same occurred from interviews conducted as bride and groom in the city of Belém, Teresina and Brasília. Its purpose is to describe the process by which bridal codes are incorporated into the biography and socialization of the interlocutors, taking into account their role as agents and interpreters of this experience. The third part, finally, explores the mediation carried out by the market and the Catholic Church, which, acting as codifying institutions, discipline, respectively, the symbols around the nuptial ritualization and the values and meanings related to the conjugal identity. This approach is based on ethnographic research conducted at Bridal Fairs and Marriage Preparation Meetings ("engagement courses") in the cities of Be-lém and Teresina.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) OLHARES DA/NA CI(S)DADE: transexualidades/travestilidades, raça e práticas nos espaços citadinos de Belém – PA “em plena luz do dia”(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-19) GOMES, Gleidson Wirllen Bezerra; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101This thesis aims to understand the relationship between the gender transitions of trans/travestis people and their practices in urban spaces (CERTEAU, 2014) in Belém “in broad daylight”. Thus, the ethnography proposed here was elaborated from references and reflections of Urban Anthropology, in dialogue with gender, sexualities and race studies. One of its bases was the biographical narratives (ROCHA; ECKERT, 2013a) of five interlocutors who, based on their life trajectories, allow them to reflect on the issues of gender, sexuality and race involved in their daily transits through the city. In addition to the semi-structured interviews focused on life trajectories, the narratives and reflections of trans/travestis people about Belém were also used, as well as direct observations with them, using the street ethnography technique (ROCHA; ECKERT, 2013b) to describe and interpret the situations that occurred in places in Belém such as streets, squares, sidewalks, and also in their displacements in the city within bus. The ethnographic data constructed in this way were organized into “scenes”, inspired by Perlongher (1984), in which it is possible to perceive the performances (TURNER, 2015; SCHECHNER, 2012) contained therein, gestures and facial expressions, evidencing the looks of strangers in the capital of Pará as one of the micro-gestures that make up the urban interactions (GOFFMAN, 2014) of trans/travestis people, when their bodies are sometimes rejected, sometimes desired, or observed with curiosity, demonstrating part of the complexity of the urban lifestyle in this amazon city. In these games of glances, territorialities (PERLONGHER, 1984; 2008) are also perceived in their symbolic-spatial demarcations in Belém, which helps us to think about the idea of a ci(s)ty, that is, a city that has in its foundations cisgenderism and whiteness, acting in the delimitations of the concrete spaces of the city and composing part of the social relations experienced therein.
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