Artigos Científicos - ICS

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À La recherche d'une écoute. La clinique psychanalytique dans la banlieue de la citoyenneté
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06) VILHENA, Junia de; MOREIRA, Ana Cleide Guedes; NOVAES, Joana de Vilhena; BITTENCOURT, Maria Inês Garcia de Freitas
In this article we discuss psychoanalytical clinical work with patients from the poor class, focusing on the difficulties and deadlocks that come up when one treats patients who show subjective organizations that are very different from those originally described in psychoanalytic theory. Assuming that Ferenczi's notion of confusion of languages could be useful for thinking about problems that arise from the coexistence of different patterns of social relationships in highly excluding societies, we emphasize different dimensions of psychic suffering, with special focus on the psycho-social dimension.
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Análise de percepções e ações de cuidados bucais realizados por equipes de enfermagem em unidades de tratamento intensivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03) ARAÚJO, Rodolfo José Gomes de; OLIVEIRA, Layla Cristine Gomes de; HANNA, Leila Maués Oliveira; CORRÊA, Adriano Maia; CARVALHO, Liliane Helena Vilar; ALVARES, Nair Carolina do Socorro Ferreira
Objectives: A study was carried out, by means of a questionnaire for guided interviews seeking to establish a profile of perceptions and oral care given by ICU nursing team to patients in intensive care units. Methods: The target population consisted of nursing practitioners divided in three education categories: nurses, nursing technicians and auxiliary nurses working at public and private hospital institutions providing for intensive care unit patients in Belem-PA. Dentistry experience has developed in this field reporting scientific findings and practical applications on prevention and reestablishment of the oral health in question. Results: This survey disclosed results suggesting that oral hygiene care given to intensive care units patients is insufficient and inadequate requiring changes be made in the care now provided in the nosocomial environment by the nursing team. Conclusion: Presence of a dentist, knowledge of preventive dentistry, dissemination and use of oral hygiene specific resources are means suggested in an attempt to resolve difficulties found in oral health maintenance and treatment of oral diseases that affect the general health of hospitalized individuals. Interdisciplinary action for these individuals is advocated to achieve a better quality of life by preventing or minimizing oral pathologies.
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O aprender e o orientar na atenção primária: relato de experiência de um semestre de atividades no PET-Saúde
(2012-03) ARAÚJO, Fernando Costa; FALCON, Elias Bruno Santana; RODRIGUES, Gizele Moreira; FREITAS, Leidian Coelho de; DUTRA, Claudia Daniele Tavares; PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar
The Educational Program for Health Work (PET-Saúde) promotes the formation of tutorial learning groups in strategic areas for the Unified National Health System. This study aimed to report on an experiment with a semester of activities experienced by students from the Federal University in Pará (UFPA) that were part of a multi-professional team in the PET-Saúde project in Ananindeua. This project promotes activities that value learning and humanized care. Learning activities involving students include talks and complementary training, discussion of scientific articles, and follow-up of activities at the Primary Care Unit. Primary Care is a learning area for students in the health professions, and their participation in the arena is a major gain for the community, which receives valuable health information.
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Association between family poverty and the neuropsychomotor development of children in the administrative districts of Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09) COSTA, Elson Ferreira; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; SILVA, Mariane Lopes da; GUERREIRO, Talitha Buenaño França
Introduction: Childhood development represents a sequence of changes in behavior and underlying processes, inϐluenced by biological and environmental factors. Screening and monitoring of neurodevelopment show effective procedures for early identiϐication of different disorders of childhood development. Objective: To analyze the neurodevelopment, using the Denver Developmental Screening Test II, of children enrolled in preschools of Administrative Districts in Belém and to map the districts and the percentage of development evaluated as normal and suspected delay. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and exploratory descriptive study. A questionnaire was administered to parents to collect the personal, contextual and family data and an instrument to measure the level of family poverty. Results: Of the 319 children assessed, 77.7% showed a suspected delay in neuropsychomotor developmental and 59.2% in language. The family poverty level variable showed a statistically signiϐicant association with the overall level of development (p = .011) and of language (p = .003). Conclusion: It is hoped that this study will contribute to generate an impact in improving the ecological conditions of children and their families, reducing the risks to which they are exposed.
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Association between perceived racial discrimination and hypertension: findings from the ELSA-Brasil study
(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2018-03) NOBRE, Aline Araújo; GRIEP, Rosane Härter; GUIMARÃES, Joanna Miguez Nery; PEREIRA, Alexandre; CHOR, Dóra; MENDES, Patrícia Miranda; BARRETO, Sandhi Maria; JUVANHOL, Leidjaira Lopes
“Pardos” and blacks in Brazil and blacks in the USA are at greater risk of developing arterial hypertension than whites, and the causes of this inequality are still little understood. Psychosocial and contextual factors, including racial discrimination, are indicated as conditions associated with this inequality. The aim of this study was to identify the association between perceived racial discrimination and hypertension. The study evaluated 14,012 workers from the ELSA-Brazil baseline population. Perceived discrimination was measured by the Lifetime Major Events Scale, adapted to Portuguese. Classification by race/color followed the categories proposed by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Hypertension was defined by standard criteria. The association between the compound variable - race/racial discrimination - and hypertension was estimated by Poisson regression with robust variance and stratified by the categories of body mass index (BMI) and sex. Choosing white women as the reference group, in the BMI < 25kg/m2 stratum, “pardo” women showed adjusted OR for arterial hypertension of 1.98 (95%CI: 1.17-3.36) and 1.3 (95%CI: 1.13-1.65), respectively, whether or not they experienced racial discrimination. For black women, ORs were 1.9 (95%CI: 1.42-2.62) and 1.72 (95%CI: 1.36-2.18), respectively, for the same categories. Among women with BMI > 25kg/m2 and men in any BMI category, no effect of racial discrimination was identified. Despite the differences in point estimates of prevalence of hypertension between “pardo” women who reported and those who did not report discrimination, our results are insufficient to assert that an association exists between racial discrimination and hypertension.
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Atividade eletromiográfica durante exercícios de propriocepção de tornozelo em apoio unipodal
(2010-12) CALLEGARI, Bianca; RESENDE, Marília Maniglia de; RAMOS, Luiz Armando Vidal; BOTELHO, Lana Pereira; ALBUQUERQUE, Syme Alcolumbre de
Proprioception refers to the ability of mechanoreceptors to discriminate body position and joint movements, as well as tensions during static or dynamic phases. The aim of this study was to assess, by means of surface electromyography, activation patterns of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles in proprioception exercises, also comparing difficulty levels. Fifty-four sedentary, right-handed, 20-to-35 year-old male volunteers performed single-leg stance exercises on the balance board, wobble board, elastic trampoline and on the floor, at the rate of three 15-second repetitions each, with a 15-second interval between repetitions. After the exercises, volunteers pointed out the highest difficulty felt. Electrical activity of both muscles was significantly higher during the test on the balance board. On the floor, both muscles showed less activity, but only for gastrocnemius muscle this difference was significant. No differences were found in muscle activation during exercises on the wobble board and the elastic trampoline. Inter-muscle analysis showed greater activity of the tibialis anterior muscle, except on the balance board. This study suggests that, when planning one-leg stance exercise for proprioceptive training, the balance board is the equipment that most requires activation of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles, being also the most difficult one.
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Avaliação do burnout em trabalhadores de um hospital universitário do município de Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06) PANTOJA, Fábio Gian Braga; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos da; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataide de; SANTOS, Alex de Assis Santos dos
The objective of this study was to evaluate the elements that characterize burnout in workers at a university hospital in the city of Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. It is a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional delineation, investigating 62 workers. It was verified a high prevalence rate. Although some results do not confirm the literature, it must be emphasized that most of the professional categories had not yet been studied adopting this methodology, which prevents more consistent comparisons. It is suggested that working conditions may be more responsible for the symptoms of burnout rather than the isolated characteristics of the professionals.
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Bacterial vaginosis in pregnant adolescents: proinflammatory cytokine and bacterial sialidase profile: cross-sectional study
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) FERREIRA, Carolina Sanitá Tafner; MARCONI, Camila; PARADA, Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima; DUARTE, Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo; GONÇALVES, Ana Paula Oliveira; RUDGE, Marilza Vieira Cunha; SILVA, Márcia Guimarães da
Bacterial vaginosis occurs frequently in pregnancy and increases susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STI). Considering that adolescents are disproportionally affected by STI, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cervicovaginal levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and bacterial sialidase in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at mother and child referral units in Belém, Pará, Brazil. METHODS: Vaginal samples from 168 pregnant adolescents enrolled were tested for trichomoniasis and candidiasis. Their vaginal microbiota was classified according to the Nugent criteria (1991) as normal, intermediate or bacterial vaginosis. Cervical infection due to Chlamydia trachomatisand Neisseria gonorrhoeae was also assessed. Cytokine and sialidase levels were measured, respectively, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and MUAN conversion in cervicovaginal lavages. Forty-eight adolescents (28.6%) were excluded because they tested positive for some of the infections investigated. The remaining 120 adolescents were grouped according to vaginal flora type: normal (n = 68) or bacterial vaginosis (n = 52). Their cytokine and sialidase levels were compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis had higher levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Sialidase was solely detected in 35 adolescents (67.2%) with bacterial vaginosis. CONCLUSIONS: Not only IL-1 beta and sialidase levels, but also IL-6 and IL-8 levels are higher in pregnant adolescents with bacterial vaginosis, thus indicating that this condition elicits a more pronounced inflammatory response in this population, which potentially increases vulnerability to STI acquisition.
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Chemical, morphological, and thermogravimetric of Terminalia catappa Linn
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03) SANTOS, Orquídea Vasconcelos dos; LORENZO, Natasha Dantas; LANNES, Suzana Caetano da Silva
The objective of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition, morphology, and the thermogravimetric behavior of the pulp of Terminalia catappa, also known as tropical almond. The analytical results show, based mainly on its lipid content, that this fruit has a considerable energy value. Its fiber content contributes to enhance the functional properties of the fruit. Morphological characteristics show a spongy-like structure with dispersion of starch granules and high concentration of fiber bundles, confirming the results of the chemical composition analysis. The thermogravimetric behavior exhibited by this fruit pulp when submitted to progressive temperature increase under dynamic air atmosphere shows that this raw material has great potential for industrial use due to its high absorption rate of water soluble and/or lipid-based compounds, allowing its use as a dietary complement or supplement ingredient in food products.
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Choice of toothpaste for the elderly: an in vitro study
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-07) RODRIGUES, Renata Duarte Souza; FERREIRA, Stella da Silva; COUTO, Roberta Souza D'Almeida; LACHOWSKI, Karina Monteleone; SOBRAL, Maria Ângela Pita; MARQUES, Márcia Martins
Hyposalivation and dental root exposure in the elderly are problems that require special oral care. In this context, the characteristics of certain toothpastes are of particular importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and dentin wear caused by seven different toothpastes. For dentin wear analysis, 40 root dentin specimens were submitted to 20,000 brushing cycles with the different toothpastes and distilled water (control group-CG), using a brushing machine. Dentin surface loss (SL) was measured by contact profilometer. The cytotoxicity of each toothpaste was tested using cultured fibroblasts submitted to a cell-culture-conditioned medium. Fresh medium served as the control. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay after 24 h of contact with the conditioned media. The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The SL of the CG was minimal and significantly lower than that of the Oral B Pro Health (OBPH) group (p < 0.05). All other groups presented SL in between that of the CG and the Oral B Pro Health OBPH group, except for the Sensodyne (SEN) group, which presented SL similar to that of CG (p = 0.05). The SEN group presented a percentage of viable cells similar to that of CG: between 60-89%. All the other toothpastes showed high cytotoxicity, with cell viability less than 50% of the CG. Considering study limitations, we concluded that only one of the seven tested toothpastes exhibited the most desirable toothpaste characteristics for the worldwide growing elderly population (e.g. low cytotoxicity and low-abrasive potential)
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Circulating early biomarkers of atherogenesis in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) without diabetes or cardiovascular disease
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12) PITITTO, Bianca de Almeida; RIBEIRO FILHO, Fernando de Souza Flexa; BARRETO, Sandhi Maria; DUNCAN, Bruce Bartholow; SCHMIDT, Maria Inês; LOTUFO, Paulo Andrade; BENSENOR, Isabela Judith Martins; VIVOLO, Sandra Roberta Gouvea Ferreira
Our aim was to describe the distribution of selected biomarkers according to age and sex, adjusted for HOMA-IR and adiposity, in a subset of middle-aged individuals of Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health-ELSA without diabetes mellitus or CVD. Subjects and methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in 998 participants of the ELSA-Brasil without diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. In addition to the traditional risk factors, several biomarkers concentrations were compared according to sex, age groups (35-44; 45-54 yrs) and HOMA-IR tertiles. Linear regression was used to examine independent associations of sex and age with selected novel biomarkers, adjusted for body adiposity and HOMA-IR. Results: Fifty-five percent were women. Men had higher mean values of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, worse lipid profile and higher E-selectin and lower leptin concentrations than women; while women had higher levels of HDL-cholesterol and leptin than men. Mean values of waist circumference, systolic BP, plasma glucose and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) increased with age in both sexes. Leptin and E-selectin concentrations increased across HOMA-IR tertiles. Independent associations of Apo B with age were found only in male sex, while of leptin with body mass index and HOMA-IR, and of E-selectin with HOMA-IR in both sexes. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data indicate age, sex, adiposity and, consequently, insulin resistance, influence circulating levels of Apo B, leptin and E-selectin, suggesting that those aspects should be taken into consideration when assessing these parameters for research or clinical purposes in individuals at relatively low cardiometabolic risk.
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Clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic profile of dermatophytosis
(2014-04) PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; CRUZ, Natasha Ferreira Santos da; LOBATO, Amanda Monteiro; SOUSA, Priscila Oliveira de; CARNEIRO, Francisca Regina Oliveira; MENDES, Alena Margareth Darwich
BACKGROUND: The cutaneous mycoses, mainly caused by dermatophyte fungi, are among the most common fungal infections worldwide. It is estimated that 10% to 15% of the population will be infected by a dermatophyte at some point in their lives, thus making this a group of diseases with great public health importance. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic profile of dermatophytosis in patients enrolled at the Dermatology service of Universidade do Estado do Pará, Brazil, from July 2010 to September 2012. METHOD: A total of 145 medical records of patients diagnosed with dermatophytosis were surveyed. Data were collected and subsequently recorded according to a protocol developed by the researchers. This protocol consisted of information regarding epidemiological and clinical aspects of the disease and the therapy employed. RESULTS: The main clinical form of dermatophyte infection was onychomycosis, followed by tinea corporis, tinea pedis, and tinea capitis. Furthermore, the female population and the age group of 51 to 60 years were the most affected. Regarding therapy, there was a preference for treatments that combine topical and systemic drugs, and the most widely used drugs were fluconazole (systemic) and ciclopirox olamine (topical). CONCLUSION: This study showed the importance of recurrent analysis of the epidemiological profile of dermatophytosis to enable correct therapeutic and preventive management of these conditions, which have significant clinical consequences, with chronic, difficult-totreat lesions that can decrease patient quality of life and cause disfigurement.
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Comparison between histopathologic features of leprosy in reaction lesions in HIV coinfected and non-coinfected patients
(2015-02) PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; MIRANDA, Mario Fernando Ribeiro de; BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; BRITO, Arival Cardoso de; XAVIER, Marília Brasil
BACKGROUND: Leprosy and HIV are diseases that have a major impact on public health in Brazil. Patients coinfected with both diseases, appear to be at higher risk to develop leprosy reactions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe the histopathological aspects of cutaneous lesions during reactional states in a group of patients with HIV-leprosy coinfection, compared to patients with leprosy, without coinfection. METHODS: Two groups were established: group 1 comprised of 40 patients coinfected with HIV-leprosy; group 2, comprised of 107 patients with leprosy only. Patients presenting reactional states of leprosy had their lesions biopsied and comparatively evaluated. RESULTS: Reversal reaction was the most frequent feature in both groups, with dermis edema as the most common histopathological finding. Giant cells were seen in all group 1 histopathological examinations. Dermis edema was the most common finding in patients with erythema nodosum leprosum. CONCLUSION: Few histopathological differences were found in both groups, with reversal reaction as the most significant one, although this fact should be analyzed considering the predominant BT clinical form in the coinfected group and BB form in the group without HIV. Larger prospective studies in patients with HIV-leprosy coinfection are needed to confirm and broaden these results.
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Comparison of the effects of TripleGates and Gates-Glidden burs on cervical dentin thickness and root canal area by using cone beam computed tomography
(2015-04) SOUSA, Kássio Henrique; ANDRADE JUNIOR, Carlos Vieira; SILVA, Juliana Melo da; DUARTE, Marco Antonio Hungaro; VIANNA, Gustavo André de Deus Carneiro; SILVA, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da
The search for new instruments to promote an appropriate cervical preparation has led to the development of new rotary instruments such as TripleGates. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no study evaluating TripleGates effect on the “risk zone” of mandibular molars. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a crown-down sequence of Gates-Glidden and TripleGates burs on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and the total amount of dentin removed from the root canals during the instrumentation by using cone beam computed tomography. The number of separated instruments was also evaluated. Material and Methods: Mesial roots of 40 mandibular first molars were divided into 2 equal groups: crown-down sequence of Gates-Glidden (#3, #2, #1) and TripleGates burs. Cervical dentin thickness and canal area were measured before and after instrumentation by using cone beam computed tomography and image analysis software. Student’s t-test was used to determine significant differences at p<0.05. Results: No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between the instruments, regarding the root canal area and dentin wall thickness. Conclusion: Both tested instruments used for cervical preparation were safe to be used in the mesial root canal of mandibular molars.
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Continuing education on child development for primary healthcare professionals: a prospective before-and-after study
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05) FIGUEIRAS, Amira Consuêlo de Melo; PUCCINI, Rosana Fiorini; SILVA, Edina Mariko Koga da
Children's developmental disorders are often identified late by healthcare professionals working in primary care. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a continuing education program on child development, on the knowledge and practices of these professionals. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective single-cohort study (before-and-after study), conducted in the city of Belém, Pará , Brazil. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-one professionals working in primary healthcare (82.2%) participated in a continuing education program on child development and were assessed before and after implementation of the program through tests on their knowledge of child development, consisting of 19 questions for physicians and 14 for nurses, and questionnaires on their professional practices. RESULTS: One to three years after the program, the mean number of correct answers in the tests had increased from 11.5 to 14.3 among physicians in the Healthy Family Program (Programa Família Saudável, PFS); 13.0 to 14.3 among physicians in Municipal Health Units (Unidades Municipais de Saúde, UMS); 8.3 to 10.0 among PFS nurses; and 7.8 to 9.4 among UMS nurses. In interviews with mothers attended by these professionals before the program, only 21.7% reported that they were asked about their children's development, 24.7% reported that the professional asked about or observed their children's development and 11.1% received advice on how to stimulate them. After the program, these percentages increased to 34.5%, 54.2% and 30.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Professionals who participated in the program showed improved performance regarding child development knowledge and practices.
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Convívio e cuidado familiar na quarta idade: qualidade de vida de idosos e seus cuidadores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-01) GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; LEITE, Marinês Tambara; HILDEBRANDT, Leila Mariza; BISOGNO, Silvana Cogo; BIASUZ, Sandra; FALCADE, Bruna Liége
It is important to get the quality of life or well being to the elderly who reached the fourth age - 80 years or more - with autonomy and independence. However, as people grow old, reliance on family care for the elderly becomes more frequent. Objective: This study aimed to assess family dynamics, quality of life and lifestyle of elderly at the fourth age and of their family caregivers. Method: Descriptive study involving 100 elderly and their caregivers. Data were collected by applying the Family Caregiver Profile Questionnaire, Family APGAR, Whoqol-Old, Whoqol-Bref and Nahas Lifestyle. Results: The elderly sample comprised mostly women, with mean age of 84 years, mostly of all with hypertension and heart diseases. Caregivers (67%) lived in the elderly’s household, were mostly women, daughters and granddaughters; 20% were elderly caregivers partners from both sexes. Although caregivers have reported good health and quality of life at a good level, their lifestyle was regular. According to the elderly, families have high dysfunctionality, although they had better levels of quality life in some areas and facets. Conclusion: Based on the research it was possible to identify the needs of redirecting to the public and social policies, in favor of a supporting network to the aged population and their family.
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Uma crítica à produção do TDAH e a administração de drogas para crianças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09) CRUZ, Bruna de Almeida; LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; PIANI, Pedro Paulo Freire; BRIGAGÃO, Jacqueline Isaac Machado
This article aims to analyze the practice of diagnostics in their effects of producing ADHD as a disorder in children in school period and operate a criticism of indiscriminate referrals to psychiatrists the events that are taken as school problems and transformed into abnormalities. Among the effects of this very common practice today, is the exponential growth of prescription drugs, such as amphetamines to children, causing severe problems in their lives, which should be the subject of an ethical, political, and social problematization. Specifically, the more drug administered in this situation has been methylphenidate and in Brazil, it has been widely sold and used in cases assessed as inattention and restlessness. This article is the result of a graduate degree in psychology research, in progress and are presented in this text, partial results of the work.
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Dermatofibroma in a black tattoo: report of a case
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-01) BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; MIRANDA, Mario Fernando Ribeiro de; PARIJÓS, Amanda Magno de; FONSECA, Diana Mendes da; JAMBO, Diego Augusto Aiezza; MESQUITA, Letícia Brito
Tattooing has been associated with a variety of complications including inflammatory and granulomatous reactions, transmission of infections, and neoplasms. We report a case of a 24-year-old male who presented with a 2-month history of an erythematous nodule involving a newly made tattoo on the right leg. An excisional biopsy was performed and the histopathological evaluation was consistent with dermatofibroma. Only three cases of dermatofibroma associated with tatooing were reported in litetature. We report an additional case and review the literature regarding cutaneous reactions to tattoos.
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Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer
(2001-10) PEREIRA, Luana Paredes Leite de Barros; WAISBERG, Jaques; ANDRÉ, Eduardo Antonio; ZANOTO, Arnaldo; MENDES JÚNIOR, João Paulo; SOARES, Heloísa Prado
Background and Objectives — Considering the high prevalence of stomach cancer in the northern region of Brazil and the recognized relationship between chronic gastric inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori, and its carcinogenic potential, the objective we had with this study was to investigate the presence of the microorganism in macro and microscopic presentations of neoplasm in different regions of the stomach, and in non-malignant lesions concomitant to the adenocarcinoma in patients originating from the metropolitan area of Belém (State of Pará, Brazil). Methods - Examinations were made on 172 patients divided into two groups: group I, formed by 75 patients with gastric carcinoma, and group II, formed by 97 patients with mild enanthematic gastritis, considered control group. The diagnosis was obtained during endoscopic examination and the respective biopsy. Gastric neoplasms were classified macroscopically in accordance with Borrmann's classification, and microscopically in accordance with Laurén's classification. In group I, 54 patients were male and 21 female while in group II, 22 patients were male and 75 female. The average age in group I was 61.2 years (range 27 to 86 years), while in group II it was 37.5 years (range 16 to 69 years). Thin sections were prepared and stained using the hematoxylin-eosin method. In the Helicobacter pylori research, the modified Gram stain was utilized. Statistical analysis was done by utilizing the chi-squared (c 2) test, Mann-Whitney test (U), and Fisher's exact test. Results - The results showed the detection of Helicobacter pylori were significantly greater in patients with mild enanthematic gastritis than in patients with gastric carcinoma. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric carcinoma and mild enanthematic gastritis was significantly greater in the antral region than in other gastric regions. Helicobacter pylori detection in patients with gastric carcinoma did not present a significant difference in relation to the macroscopic aspect of the tumor either intestinal or diffuse histological types. Conclusions - These data suggest the presence of the bacteria is predominant in the antral region and it does not show relation with the macroscopic types or histological intestinal or diffuse types of gastric carcinoma.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição espaço-temporal da leptospirose e fatores de risco em Belém, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12) GONÇALVES, Nelson Veiga; ARAUJO, Ediane Nunes de; SOUSA JÚNIOR, Alcinês da Silva; PEREIRA, Waltair Maria Martins; MIRANDA, Claudia do Socorro Carvalho; CAMPOS, Pedro Silvestre da Silvia; MATOS, Mauro Wendel de Souza; PALÁCIOS, Vera Regina da Cunha Menezes
The occurrence of leptospirosis has defied epidemiology even when using different analysis technologies at local geographical levels. This cross-sectional and descriptive study sought to identify spatial correlations between social and environmental risk factors and leptospirosis in Belém in the State of Pará from 2007 to 2013. Epidemiological data were obtained from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the Pará State Department of Public Health and the environmental, demographic and cartographical data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Men aged 20 to 39 of unknown profession and mixed ethnicity were the most affected. Laboratory diagnosis (82%) and hospital care (67.22%) confirmed satisfactory access to the Unified Health System. Numerical Kriging indicated the highest concentrations of the disease in the Guamá and Jurunas neighborhoods in lower lying areas near canals. The Buffer technique showed higher concentrations of the disease in areas with no domestic solid garbage collection service (26%), sewage (22%), piped water (38%), with unpaved roads (20%) and street flooding (65%). The Moran technique revealed a direct spatial correlation between these variables (p = 0.01543). The general trend showed the decrease of the disease.