Teses em Zoologia (Doutorado) - PPGZOOL/ICB
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3419
O Doutorado Acadêmico foi criado em 1999 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia (PPGZOOL) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) foi consolidado como um convênio entre Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Filogenia do gênero Mischocyttarus de Saussurre, baseado em caracteres morfológicos e moleculares, e revisão taxonômica do subgênero Megacanthopus Ducke (Hymnoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03) FELIZARDO, Sherlem Patrícia de Seixas; SILVEIRA, Orlando Tobias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9654506257169791; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5899-199XItem Acesso aberto (Open Access) Revisão taxonômica do gênero Actinopus perty, 1833, com a descrição de quatro espécies novas de Missullena walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-06) MIGLIO, Laura Tavares; Pérez-Miles, Fernando; BONALDO, Alexandre Bragio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8721994758453503Actinopus Perty, 1833 is characterized and redescribed, harboring sixty-three species occurring from Panama to Argentina. Seventeen previously known species are redescribed: A. tarsalis Perty, 1833; A. rufipes (Lucas, 1834); A. longipalpis C. L. Koch, 1842; A. nattereri (Doleschall, 1871); A. insignis (Holmberg, 1881); A. crassipes (Keyserling, 1891); A. robustus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892); A. wallacei F. O. P.- Cambridge, 1896; A. princeps Chamberlin, 1917, A. xenus Chamberlin, 1917; A. fractus Mello-Leitão, 1920; A. paranensis Mello-Leitão, 1920; A. pusillus Mello-Leitão, 1920; A. dubiomaculatus Mello-Leitão, 1923; A. trinotatus Mello-Leitão, 1938; A. cucutaensis Mello-Leitão, 1941; and A. echinus Mello-Leitão, 1949. Forty-four new species are described: Actinopus castelo n. sp., A. apalai n. sp., A. mairinquensis n. sp., A. obidos n. sp., A. buritiensis n. sp., A. pinhao n. sp., A. ducke n. sp., A. hirsutus n. sp., A. jaboticatubas n. sp., A. confusus n. sp., A. pampulha n. sp., A. candango n. sp., A. paraitinga n. sp., A. cornelli n. sp., A. vilhena n. sp., A. harveyi n. sp., A. itapitocai n. sp., A. ipioca n. sp., A. itaqui n. sp., A. xingu n. sp., A. mesa n. sp., A. caxiuana n. sp., A. utinga n. sp., A. emas n. sp., A. bocaina n. sp., A. guajara n. sp., A. apiacas n. sp., A. jamari n. sp. from Brazil; A. laventana n. sp. and A. calamuchita n. sp. from Argentina and Uruguay; A. lomalinda n. sp. from British Guiana and Colombia; A. concinnus n. sp. from Venezuela and Brazil; A. palmar n. sp. and A. loscocos n. sp. from Argentina; A. panguana n. sp. from Peru. The females of A. dubiomaculatus and A. cucutaensis and the unknown males of A. nattereri are described for the first time. New records are presented for A. crassipes; A. dubiomaculatus; A. fractus; A. nattereri; A. paranensis; A. princeps, A. pusillus, A. robustus and A. wallacei. Most of the species presently recognized were included in eleven informal groups based mainly in male palpal characters. A key for these groups plus three species, not included in any group, but known from males, is presented.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Revisão taxonômica e análise filogenética do gênero Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 com uso de caracteres morfológicos e moleculares (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-05-27) SANTOS JUNIOR, José Nazareno dos; SILVEIRA, Orlando Tobias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9654506257169791; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5899-199XPolistinae is one of the most diverse subfamilies of Vespidae with about 950 species, 25 genera and four tribes. Their representatives are recognized for presenting simple tarsal claws and lacking parategula. Ducke (1905) described two new genera for Polistinae: Protopolybia and Pseudochartergus. Bequaert (1938) reviewed Pseudochartergus recognizing only two species. Bequaert (1944a) made the first revision of Protopolybia, in which he described four new species, and considered P. minutissima and P. sedula as forms of a single species and assigned P. bella as type species of the genus. Richards (1978) performed the second revision of Protopolybia recognizing 23 species and two subspecies. Carpenter and Wenzel (1989), considering inconsistent the diagnostic characters separating Pseudochartergus and Protopolybia, proposed their synonymy, based on the synapomorphic medial posterior process on the metanotum. Carpenter (2011) proposed the synonymy of four species of the genus. Santos-Junior et al. (2015) reviewed the Protopolybia exigua species-group and using morphological characters proposed the first phylogeny for Protopolybia sensu Carpenter & Wenzel (1989). However, there is still a reasonable number of species whose identification is inaccurate. Thus, this project aims to extend the knowledge of the taxonomy and of phylogenetic relationships of the species of Protopolybia using morphological characters complemented with molecular data. For molecular analysis, fragments were isolated of the nuclear and mitochondrial genome - cytochrome subunit I (COI), 28s, 12s and 16s. Such an effort resulted on additional notes for the Protopolybia exigua species-group, with description of a new species. For the P. sedula species-group, all species are redescribed, a new identification key is presented and the genitalia of P. weyrauchi and P. sedula are described. In the P. picteti-emortualis species-group, two new species are described. In the group of species of P. chartergoides, it is proposed the synonymization of a subspecies, and the four valid species are redescribed, as well as the male genitalia of P. chartergoides, P. fuscatus and P. pallidibalteatus. As for the phylogeny of Protopolybia, the monophyly hypothesis of the group of P. chartergoides species is corroborated. Its relative position within Protopolybia is resolved, indicating a closer relationship with the group of P. sedula. On the other hand, in the present analysis the P. exigua group is paraphyletic.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Revisão taxonômica e filogenômica de Saimiri Voigt, 1831 (Primates, Cebidae)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07) MERCÊS, Michelle Pinto; LYNCH, Jessica Ward; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4735211013363847; SILVA JÚNIOR, José de Sousa e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4998536658557008Squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri Voigt, 1831) are small Neotropical primates (650-1200g). They are widely distributed in the Amazon Basin and have two taxa that occur in Central America. Although it is a frequentely used group in biomedical research, there is still a great divergence in the number of recognized species, ranging from 2 to 12 taxa. Recently several papers have been published using mitochondrial DNA to understand the origin and diversification of Saimiri, as well as the relationship between species. However, even after these publications, diversity and intra-generic relationship still present divergences, with no cogruence between morphological and genetic data. The present study aimed to propose a phylogenetic hypothesis for Saimiri from the double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq), as well as to review Saimiri, defining the species that make up the genus, as well as its distribution. This thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first, “Phylogenomics of Amazon squirrel monkeys (Saimiri; Primates; Cebidae)”, we use 44 tissue samples and 6 blood samples to obtain ddRADseq molecular phylogeny through Maximum Likelihood analysis and a time-calibrated tree from BEAST. We verified the relationship between the studied populations with the Bayesian cluster analysis of STRUCTURE. Our results recovered the monophyly between the Gothic and Roman groups, our trees recovered ten lineages within Saimiri of the Amazon Basin. In addition, we confirm that intra-generic diversification is recent and has occurred in the Pleistocene epoch. In the second chapter, “How many squirrel monkey (Saimiri Voigt, 1831) species are there? A morphological diagnosis and refined mapping of geographical distribution”, we analyzed 887 specimens of all currently recognized species and 18 types, representing almost the entire geographic distribution of the group, we also included the phylogenomic data obtained in the first chapter. Our results support the existence of two morphological groups (Gothic and Roman) and the recognition of thirteen species with one new species. For each of them are presented synonymy, type material, type locality, diagnosis, variation, comparison with other species, distribution, remarks, conservation status and specimens examined. In the third chapter, “New records of Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916 (Cebidae, Primates), with comments on habitat use and conservation”, we indicate the expansion of geographic distribution of the Collins’ squirrel monkey (Saimiri collinsi), to a transition area between Amazon and Cerrado. We also indicated the need for monitoring of these populations due to the intense anthropic action in the region that reduced the habitat of the species in most of Maranhão and northern Tocantins.