Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia e Antropologia - PPGSA/IFCH

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6622

O Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia e Antropologia (PPGSA) é vinculado ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e foi aprovado pela CAPES no ano de 2002, ainda com o nome de Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais. Iniciou suas atividades no primeiro semestre de 2003, com o funcionamento da primeira turma de Doutorado. Atualmente o Programa oferece também curso de Mestrado Acadêmico.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 13 de 13

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Diálogos com a metrópole: um estudo antropológico sobre moradores da ilha do Maracujá em relação de proximidade com Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-01-31) BASSALO, Terezinha de Fátima Ribeiro; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
This thesis shows the results of an ethnographical research did with the locals of the Maracujá island, focusing on their proximity to Belém City and having as locus an area that begins in the Açaí Port, located in the Jurunas District in Belem and goes up to the Maracujá island, enphasizing in this relation aspects concerning the daily movement between the banks. The approach of the research develops the notions of flow and border, pointing out also the fixity in the home place. Both, fixity and movement are embodied in everyday life, observed in the corporality that mediates the dialogue- while complex game - between the banks.
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Dinâmicas divergentes em zonas de produção para a exportação: os caminhos de Brasil e China.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04-29) AMARAL, Francinézio Lima do; SILVA, Carlos Freire da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7489756177996098; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-0202-8678; CHAVES, Andréa Bittencourt Pires; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2807941293114021; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-9265
This thesis analyzes the process of hegemonization of the concept of economic development within Western imperialist capitalism, focusing on its impositions of economic and political subalternization that have impacted the attitudes and decisions of policymakers in the governments of Brazil and China. These influences are reflected in the construction of their planning and action instruments, particularly in relation to the dynamics of their export production zones as regional development policies, within a context of crisis in the hegemony of power in the current geopolitical scenario. Subsequently, the thesis examines the legacies of socioeconomic development of the Manaus Free Trade Zone (ZFM) and the Strategic Economic Zones (ZEEs), aiming to reflect on the paths each has taken up to the present day. It seeks to draw attention to the urgent need to restore the centrality of debates in the Social Sciences regarding the roles of the concepts of State, development, subalternization, and hegemony in the current geopolitical context, in light of the structural crisis of capitalism. By comparing unequal objects, the thesis highlights the historical, economic, political, and social factors that bring them closer together, thereby revealing causes, effects, and learning opportunities that may contribute to the search for alternatives to the challenges and demands faced by nation-building projects in the Global South.
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O lugar do corpo no corpo do lugar: uma etnografia da panha do açaí entre jovens da Ilha das Onças - Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-07-27) BASSALO, Terezinha de Fátima Ribeiro; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
The relationship between bodies and places in daily activities is the theme of this study which aims to present and at the same time understand, the forms and meanings attributed to such relationships in the practice of collecting açaí. The research carried out on Ilha das Onças - an island region close to Belém, capital of the state of Pará, in the northern region of Brazil -took place from the entrance in the açaizais belonging to seven young interlocutors - two female and five male - and made it possible to follow the universe of açaí “panha”, through experiences and narratives. The "panha" - name given by the residents of Ilha das Onças to the activity of collecting açaí - is here understood as a relational action between humans and plants, which is expressed as a technique and at the same time as an individual skill why conforms one own way of accomplishment, whose aim is to reap the rewards without hurting them, involving risks, heights and a lot of care. It reveals how interwoven the bodies of people are with their places of residence, which are also places of work. The collection of açaí, among the set of body techniques practiced on the islands near Belém, is a secular, ancestral and, therefore, traditional activity, and the collected product is a source of food and an economic base for those who live on Ilha das Onças. The experience in the açaizais accompanying people who collect the açaí, resulted in an ethnography of the “panha”, based on three body movements with different rhythms: the ascent, the arrival at top of palm tree, the descent and other perceptions. After the “panha” comes the “dibulha” and the packaging of the fruits in rasas in a handmade way, because beautiful and useful, preparing the moment when the product will be exposed, touched, tasted and marketed. The “panha” also leaves marks on the bodies of the collectors, revealing traces of the plant's agency, stigmas and attribution of masculinity. She is a “man's job”, but she is also a woman's. Women “panham” the “bébi” and “panham” the açaí. In short, the bodies of collectors and collectors are constituted by a permanent and updated inter-agency interplay between environment, society and the individual that is imprinted on them, as in a palimpsest. The relationship between man / woman and plant / açaí sets up a braid in the island's landscapes.
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Mudanças e continuidades no Salgado Paraense: dinâmica das relações sociais em torno do universo da pesca artesanal em Marudá/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-31) COSTA, Layse Rosa Miranda da; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366; FURTADO, Lourdes de Fátima Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5243-4607
The research area of this dissertation is Marudá, located in the municipality of Marapanim/PA, within the Salgado Paraense microregion, and part of the Mestre Lucindo Marine Extractive Reserve, established in 2014. It is important to highlight that studying the universe of artisanal fishing is complex, as it involves various variables marked by social indicators, such as environmental issues, climate, gender, education, public health, and others. However, given the variables presented by the field of research in which I work, this study aims to highlight, through my participant observation and ethnography conducted between 2018 and 2024, the dynamics observed in the social relationships surrounding the fishing universe in Marudá. During fieldwork, many developments emerged from the observed evidence, opening paths for future projects and research. In this context, tradition and modernity constantly intertwine in the fishing lifestyle of the region's inhabitants, provoking both changes and continuities, especially regarding what fishing activity represents for them. Thus, another objective is to emphasize, based on my ethnographic research, what artisanal fishing currently represents for the sons and daughters of Marudá, considering that this relationship is no longer the same as it was in past decades of the 20th century, as changes and continuities occur constantly, where fishing activity was more intense. Other aspects addressed also include issues related to tourism, a category that has been transforming the way of life of the residents. Since the construction of the first roads and highways that connected and still connect Marudá/PA to the large and medium-sized urban and commercial centers of the State of Pará, such as the municipalities of Belém and Castanhal, the region has received many tourists, especially during vacation periods and holidays, thus causing some impacts. Currently, other means of communication have been transforming social relationships around the universe of artisanal fishing in the locality, such as internet access, as the digital medium has become integrated into everyday life, facilitating communication and mobilization of social categories, both internal and external, that is, beyond the territorial boundaries that make up the district of Marudá and Marapanim. In this way, the concepts of changes and continuities will metaphorically serve as the oars that will help me navigate the tides of this dissertation. It is also important to note that this research was conducted in a pandemic context, which generated many difficulties for fieldwork, as well as demands arising from the aftereffects of COVID-19.
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Nas veredas da sobrevivência: mulheres no setor informal na feira do Ver-o-Peso em Belém, do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-17) SILVA, Mayara de Oliveira; DANTAS, Luísa Maria Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1573989294603242
This dissertation aims to present, based on an ethnography, the trajectories and narratives of women who found at the Ver-o-Peso fair, in Belém do Pará, opportunities for income generation and that without permission by the Municipality of Belém to the use of space at the fair, survive through their informal, autonomous and mobile work. The field research was divided into three moments: a) arrival at the field b) immersion in the field c) meeting women who work at the fair. It was carried out between the months of April 2018 and February 2020. Bibliographic data were collected to provide theoretical support for anthropology and sociology, as well as some quantitative data from the research universe. 66 women were interviewed, aged 17 to 69 years. Qualitative research proved to be essential for the knowledge of life trajectories of women belonging to the informal sector; also, through participant observation, of their work at the fair, essential work activities for daily subsistence. It was observed that the fair represents a welcoming space, which absorbs a large portion of the unemployed population in the city and at the same time represents a challenge for the control of public power and the locus of criminal practices. Informal work is abundant and a hallmark of the Ver-o-Peso fair, mainly represented by the female figure in the space.
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OLHARES DA/NA CI(S)DADE: transexualidades/travestilidades, raça e práticas nos espaços citadinos de Belém – PA “em plena luz do dia”
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-19) GOMES, Gleidson Wirllen Bezerra; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
This thesis aims to understand the relationship between the gender transitions of trans/travestis people and their practices in urban spaces (CERTEAU, 2014) in Belém “in broad daylight”. Thus, the ethnography proposed here was elaborated from references and reflections of Urban Anthropology, in dialogue with gender, sexualities and race studies. One of its bases was the biographical narratives (ROCHA; ECKERT, 2013a) of five interlocutors who, based on their life trajectories, allow them to reflect on the issues of gender, sexuality and race involved in their daily transits through the city. In addition to the semi-structured interviews focused on life trajectories, the narratives and reflections of trans/travestis people about Belém were also used, as well as direct observations with them, using the street ethnography technique (ROCHA; ECKERT, 2013b) to describe and interpret the situations that occurred in places in Belém such as streets, squares, sidewalks, and also in their displacements in the city within bus. The ethnographic data constructed in this way were organized into “scenes”, inspired by Perlongher (1984), in which it is possible to perceive the performances (TURNER, 2015; SCHECHNER, 2012) contained therein, gestures and facial expressions, evidencing the looks of strangers in the capital of Pará as one of the micro-gestures that make up the urban interactions (GOFFMAN, 2014) of trans/travestis people, when their bodies are sometimes rejected, sometimes desired, or observed with curiosity, demonstrating part of the complexity of the urban lifestyle in this amazon city. In these games of glances, territorialities (PERLONGHER, 1984; 2008) are also perceived in their symbolic-spatial demarcations in Belém, which helps us to think about the idea of a ci(s)ty, that is, a city that has in its foundations cisgenderism and whiteness, acting in the delimitations of the concrete spaces of the city and composing part of the social relations experienced therein.
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O outro como um eu na educação escolar: uma crítica à racionalidade desumana aplicada à avaliação escolar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-12) SODRÉ, Marcelo Santos; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366
As a central research problem, this Doctoral Thesis aimed to investigate from the point of view of Personalism in Mounier and Buber whether the public school could be historically conceived as a "Buberian I-It" and what are the ontological effects of this phenomenon on the formation of( as) students. Added to these is the objective of thinking about a conception of school education that could break with the instrumental character that permeates formal education to the point of effectively conceiving the other as a self in school education. Thus, to arrive at the results, I proposed, through a linear analytical path, a certain history of Brazilian school education, considering, on the one hand, the period that extends from the 16th century to contemporary times, and, on the other, the central theoretical references of the research and a specialized literature on the theme of proposed historicity. Therefore, it was possible to critically present the characteristics of the instrumental rationality that surrounds the educational phenomenon, classified by this research as dehumanizing. Then, in a more specific study of school education in Pará, focused on the first two decades of the 2000s, I identified that the educational model (conception) that was preponderant over other possible models in the public schools investigated was propaedeutics. This diagnosis made it possible for me to verify that this teaching model transformed high school into a kind of ―preparatory course‖ for the ENEM exams and/or for other selective entry processes for higher education, generating, as an ontological effect, the dehumanization of students. (the) students. It is in this context that I close the Thesis by proposing a pedagogical edge to break with the propaedeutic model: the ―class as an encounter‖. Therefore, the investigation sites were public schools selected between 2016 and 2020, and the methodology developed followed the explanatory and comprehensive matrices, with a deductive approach based on theoretical and field research. As a result, the investigated thesis was confirmed.
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Partilhando o sensível: práticas dissidentes de cinema na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-14) ARAUJO, Gabriela Laroca; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366; SANTOS, Patricia da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3554364096207512; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-1311
This dissertation investigates the democratization of audiovisual media in the Amazon region of Pará, focusing on the Telas em Rede project in Santarém/PA, which uses audiovisual media as a tool for popular communication to amplify the voices of peripheral communities and strengthen their struggles for recognition and rights. The study discusses dissident practices of audiovisual production as a form of countercolonial resistance, exploring the intertwining of art and politics. Anchored in Jacques Rancière's aesthetic theory, the research analyzes how audiovisual media can reconfigure perceptions, sensibilities, and ways of acting, both at the individual and collective levels, proposing new forms of political subjectivation and social transformation. The main objective is to examine the relevance of audiovisual media as a tool for struggle in contexts of popular organization and defense of territories, in addition to discussing the multiple meanings attributed to audiovisual media in the peripheries of the Amazon. The methodology used includes a multi-sited ethnography that combined participant observation, open and semi-structured interviews with members of Telas em Rede, and analysis of the audiovisual productions carried out in the project. The fieldwork was carried out in Santarém and was expanded with analyses of activity reports and digital materials related to the project. The research highlights the importance of democratizing audiovisual production technologies as a way of reconfiguring the sensitive, allowing historically marginalized groups to create their own narratives and question dominant colonial representations, articulating new political and social horizons. In this way, Telas em Rede seeks to reconfigure the perception of the Amazon space, not only as an area of exploration, but as a territory of resistance, creation and collective transformation, where audiovisual becomes a means of amplifying the demands and voices of invisible populations.
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Por um turismo decolonial: reflexões antropológicas a partir da turistificação da Ilha do Combu/Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-04) NUNES, Thainá Guedelha; FURTADO, Lourdes de Fátima Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5243-4607
Starting from 2015, on the Combu Island, an Environmental Protection Area belonging to the insular area of Belém do Pará, a process of touristification began that took it out of its condition of relative invisibility, attracting more and more visitors. In view of this, this thesis aims to analyze this process and its main consequences. Having the island as the stage, we sought to critically reflect on tourism having been constituted under the influence of coloniality and, consequently, assimilated the notions of development and modernity. Using the debates arising from the Anthropology of Tourism, with contributions from authors who address decoloniality, the results presented are fruits of a qualitative anthropological research. This research was based on ethnography, with direct and participant observation, semi-structured interviews, online questionnaire and photographic records. Investigations were also carried out on the internet, seeking to follow on a social network profiles of establishments on the island, material for their dissemination and comments on posts about the island by profiles of newspapers in the city. The results presented here are derived not only from the research carried out during the doctoral period, but from the researches that I have carried out since 2010, which enabled me to follow the transformations that the island has been going through. Another methodological dimension was that of action research, in which counterparts of the research were established for the community. Booklets will be produced for the owners of the establishments and for the visitors, and a website about the Combu Island was created. As results, it is found that the advancement of the search for leisure in the place consolidated it as an important tourist spot in Belém, generating more visibility, local appreciation, employment and income for the population. However, it attracted the attention of outsiders who also seek to take advantage of the promising possibilities, deciding to undertake in the place, intensifying the process of touristification. A disorderly development of tourism is observed, which has been intensifying rapidly, generating the proliferation of establishments, real estate speculation, disturbance of local daily life, pollution, erosion, insecurity, emergence of artificial attractions and changes to meet external demands. It was noticed that the way the activity has been developing in recent years in the place, reflects the ontologies propagated by coloniality, in the behavior and actions of agents of the Private Sector, the public Power and visitors. However, the local population has shown its agency and highlighted its protagonism in the face of this process. Finally, we sought to bring propositions to advance in the decolonization of tourism.
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Produções audiovisuais das/nas baixadas de Belém-Pa: fronteiras simbólicas, experiências urbanas e (Re)configurações de paisagens nos bairros Jurunas e Terra Firme
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-03-20) COSTA, Victória Ester Tavares da; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101
This research originates from concerns regarding the production and circulation of images of the Amazon in various narratives over the centuries. Driven to observe the region beyond the imaginaries that have been strengthened by repetition, I challenge the perceptions that relate to exotifications and immerse myself in the urban Amazon. Believing in pluralities and the constant processes of landscape reconstruction, I focus on the context of the lowlands of Belém, specifically the Jurunas and Terra Firme neighborhoods, in order to study urban formation in contexts of symbolic borders, understanding them as an in-between space of complex dynamics that include familiarities, tensions, conflicts, belongings, and, therefore, a significant potential for cultural and artistic production in the urban world of Belém. Thus, through a dialogue between the fields of anthropology and audiovisual studies, this research aims to demonstrate how artistic and communicative practices are constructed and constructed by the landscapes lived in the city, and, consequently, by the people and professionals who experience them in their daily lives. The ethnographic field of this research is audiovisual production (in all its phases of conception), with its foundation in the practices of the streets and what is said about them over time. What resonates and what has been forgotten in these spaces that bring the specificities of these artistic manifestations of the lowlands. Bringing urban anthropology and landscapes, cinema, and the imaginary together to chart these paths led me to explore places and follow the processes of shaping a Belém of other centralities, both in its ordinary dynamics and in its artistic expressions, which exceed the realms of sound and image, becoming a strategic tool for political-social expression.
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UIPP TERRA FIRME Um modelo inovador de fazer segurança pública? Análise das propostas e práticas desenvolvidas pela primeira unidade integrada pro paz no estado do Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-20) TEIXEIRA, Deyse Soares Da Silva; MOURA, Edila Arnaud Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2154370107837866; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0093-8464
This dissertation describes and analyzes, from a perspective of social policies and the actions of government, as it was designed Unity Pro Integrated Peace Upland, Belém / PA, the first unit in this model, as a unit that promotes safety public acting from the community policing doctrine and how is acting in relation to its original proposal which is the crime prevention. From reports of neighborhood residents about the perception of decreased crime occurrences in place, scientific research was carried out with a qualitative methodology feature, using documentary and bibliographic research to understand how the categories used in public security policies have being treated in Brazil and especially in the state of Pará. the results after analysis of official documents and statistics released by the Para state government, as well as surveys conducted nationwide about violence and the occurrence of crimes in the country and analysis of the theory used to this theme, we found that the statistics for the period 2011 - 2013 attested to a reduction in violence in the research area, however the observed reduction rates were small compared to the magnitude of the problem presented. Other factors that influence this occurrence are related to limited investments in basic sanitation and urban infrastructure that are precarious in the neighborhood, which influence the quality of life of residents and that have not received attention defined in the action plan by the government.
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Violências e narrativas: trajetórias de mulheres que romperam com o relacionamento íntimo violento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-29) SILVA, Elcione da Silva e; GONÇALVES, Telma Amaral; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7335593537033167
The issue of violence against women is a reality in various life stories, leaving deep marks on the subjectivities and memories of the victims. This study sheds light on the scientific public space on a problem traditionally associated with the realms of romantic relationships and consequently considered of a private nature. This dissertation investigates the trajectory of six women who have broken free from violent intimate relationships, whether with a boyfriend or husband, exploring their experiences during and after the end of these relationships. The research is based on a qualitative approach, using the "Life Narratives" method (Bertaux, 2010), with the use of narrative interviews to access their stories. The aim was to understand the subjective meanings attributed to these experiences, highlighting the attempts at resignification and resistance by the participants, aiming at possible ruptures with the cycle of violence. The results reveal rich and complex narratives, evidencing the challenges faced during the violent relationship, the difficulties encountered when trying to break free, and the processes of personal and social reconstruction after the breakup. We identify how social discourses about love shape the subjectivity of women in abusive relationships, emphasizing the idealization of love and expectations surrounding relationships, and how women tend to value positive characteristics of partners, even in the face of abusive behavior, as violence manifests culturally ingrained. The various types of social and institutional support available to women in situations of violence are also discussed, as well as the marks and psychological and social impacts of these experiences. We identify the resistance strategies adopted by women experiencing domestic violence to resist and eventually break free from abusive relationships. Experiences of violence vary in their manifestation, context, and specific circumstances, but share lasting negative effects for both victims and society as a whole. However, the survival stories of these women reveal a desire to rebuild their lives, demonstrating a movement towards resilience, autonomy, and resignification, indicating a shift in power relations, as discussed in feminist studies on gender violence.
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Viver às margens do rio: identidade e pertença na ilha do Combu/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-28) NUNES, Thainá Guedelha; FURTADO, Lourdes de Fátima Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5243-4607
The city of Belém, like all urban centers, is always growing and modernizing, but not every locality follows the logic of "modernity". Despite the population growth of Combu Island and its proximity to the urban area of Belém, the riverside communities remain with their everyday reality linked to environment and its natural resources, rivers and forest that is still predominant on the island, demonstrating that despite changes, inherent in any social context, their development is connected to a more harmonious relationship with the environment. Thus, this work, which is a qualitative anthropological study, based on ethnography, with field work, informal conversations and semi-structured interviews complementing the participant observation method, is about identity and belonging related to the Igarapé do Combu community riverside way of life, in Combu Island, which are developed over time, from the dynamics of this population with this place, where there is a riverine social dynamic differentiated from the neighbors living in the urban area.

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