Dissertações em Neurociências e Comportamento (Mestrado) - PPGNC/NTPC
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/10670
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O efeito das vocalizações de phlegopsis nigromaculata (aves, thamnophilidae) na detectabilidade de outras aves seguidoras de correição no parque ecológico de gunma.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-15) LIMA, Hilário Póvoas de; HENRIQUES, Alda Loureiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6031840881584358; SILVA, Maria Luisa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2101884291102108Army ants are nomadic species when foraging they chase insects that live on the forest floor, making them easy prey for other animals. There are bird species that follow and feed around army ants swarms they can be obligatory, or are less specialized feeding around swarms only when the latter pass by the former territories. We then conducted experiments to check if the sounds emitted by a specialized follower of army ants, Phlegopsis nigromaculata, influences the behavior of other specialized or less specialized army ants followers. This study was conducted in Gunma Ecological Park (GEP) and investigated whether the playback (PB) of Phlegopsis nigromaculata vocalizations could increase the detectability of other bird species at the site, and if the affected species have some relation with foraging around army ants swarms. We recorded sounds in different locations in GEP, first we recorded 5 minutes of environment sounds without emission of PB and then recorded 5 minutes from the same environment with emission of PB. The results indicated that PB significantly increased detectability, where 94% of the species with the highest detectability post-PB attend to a mixed flock and 28% are followers army ants. In scores that correlated the most detected species during the post-PB period with behaviors of following mixed flocks and army ants, the species Glyphorynchus spirurus, Isleria hauxwelli, Pyriglena leuconota, Lanio surinamus, Lepidothrix iris, Veniliornis affinis, and Willisornis vidua obtained the higher scores, all of which attend mixed flock and 71% attend army ants swarm. These results suggest that the increased detectability of those species in the post-PB is related to the foraging around swarms. The results indicate that 18 species can be influenced by the vocalizations Phlegopsis nigromaculata because this can have a significant role in foraging behavior of other insectivorous birds, which follow army ants or attending mixed flocks.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Evidências de validade do male sexual function index em homens de diferentes orientações sexuais.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-11-23) SILVA, Adna Janaína de Araújo; SILVA JÚNIOR, Mauro Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2665950726942083; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-4468; GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7800966999068746Studies on factors involving male sexuality, such as sexual response (desire, arousal, erection, ejaculation, orgasm and satisfaction) and receptive anal sex usually have a clinical and pathological bias, especially in homosexual men. With the objective of investigating the male sexual response, we sought to find an instrument applicable to men with different sexual orientations that could be applied in a non-clinical population. From this general objective, the present dissertation is composed by two studies referring to the unfolding and difficulties to find a more comprehensive instrument possible. In study 1 a review of the literature was carried out in order to identify the instruments used to evaluate the sexual response of men from different orientations and from non clinical samples. As a main result, we found that only one instrument was broad enough to cover several aspects of the sexual response domains, the Male Sexual Function Index (MSFI), an instrument equivalent to that used to measure the female sexual response, which has already been validated in Brazil. From this, in study 2, we proposed to translate, adapt and verify the evidence of validity of the MSFI for Brazilian Portuguese, since it is a validated instrument in English and that measures five domains of sexual function (sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, erection and sexual/emotional satisfaction). In this study, the sample consisted of 206 heterosexual, 78 bisexual and 165 homosexual men, with sexual performances ranging from exclusively insertive to exclusively receptive, and the age was 18 to 65 years old. The results found indicated satisfactory internal consistency and correlations between the MSFI factors occurred according to the original version of the instrument. Regarding the external validity, the correlations occurred in the expected direction according to the literature. Although the adjustment index for the ejaculation factor was not satisfactory, the Male Sexual Function Index translated into the Portuguese language presented satisfactory evidence of validity. Therefore, it can be an important instrument to measure the sexual function of the male population of different sexual orientations.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Modelagem da resposta de arrastar um cursor numa tela sensível ao toque em macacosprego (Sapajus spp.).(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-07) SERIQUE, Igor Dias; MONTEIRO, Dionne Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4423219093583221; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7483948147827075Longlived animals have expressive motor development during life time. Fine movements are part of the adaptation to environmental needs. Movements improve with exercise while antecipation of obstacles and movement corrections are learned as a function of results obtained. With the new interactive computer technologies, the use of the touchscreen now requires a number of movements to accomplish tasks that involve the understanding of the stimulus presented and the relations among them. Studies on the manual skill and the use of tools in capuchin monkeys indicate that besides the touch the capuchin monkey would be able, for example, to "drag" stimuli between two conspicuous points on the screen after shaping of this response. This study is an original experience of teaching capuchins to drag stimuli to a target, a first step for later studies including targets and decoys. Four capuchins served as subjects (genera Sapajus spp.) of this study that aimed to verify whether capuchin monkeys would learn to drag stimuli on a "touchscreen". After the shapping of the response by differential reinforcement the subjects were trained to drag a circle presented in the center of the screen until reaching a gradually larger circle around it. Results showed that the drag response, including simple and conditional “drag to a target” can be used with these subjects, and will possibly allow a new generation of research on cognition and symbolic potential, allowing to teach new stimulus relations repertoires and emergent relations tests.