Navegando por Assunto "Bacia hidrográfica"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise comparativa hidroambiental das bacias do Una e da Estrada Nova, em Belém-PA, e suas implicações socioeconômicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-26) LEÃO, Eduardo Araujo de Souza; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
To evaluate the effectiveness of public interventions in relation to changing social dynamics and improve the quality of life of a population is necessary to the built and application of social indicators in monitoring public management, especially when dealing with large environmental interventions. As much as these indicators are mapped, the vast majority of environmental studies where these interventions occur, the government has dedicated itself or if it does not perform and monitor efficiently the behavior of these indicators over time. In Belém, the floods in urban areas pose a serious problem for most of the municipality, especially when involving densely occupied areas, at which generate considerable damage and often irreparable, even with losses of human lives. Flooding has been a problem during periods of frequent rainfall, both in the oldest areas of the city and consolidated, as in the areas of urban sprawl, a fact compounded by soil sealing, occupation of wetlands and removal of riparian vegetation, which hinders the infiltration rainwater. Due to these environmental factors and the inattention of government in providing social amenities and physical interventions in the area of the metropolis, populations that occupy the most vulnerable parts of the city of Belém, in general have a poor quality of life, as regards the issue of the environment in which they live. In order to comparatively evaluate two different realities and really consider whether public intervention was effective and efficient and from the same include as practical application of social indicators in monitoring the public administration, was used as case for this research performed by government intervention state in the basin of Una, where he was executed the deployment of Macro Drainage Basin of Una and services contemplated drinking water supply, sewerage, storm water drainage and road system, compared with the intervention of the municipal government to bowl Estrada Nova, running, with the deployment of these services. To develop the research, the study gathered data and information collected in the basin of Una and projected future scenarios for the basin of Estrada Nova, using the same indicators. These indicators in this study were also addressed and strengthened with a hydrogeological assessment of the two basins, the analysis of quality of surface and groundwater, consideration of the incidence of waterborne diseases, the vulnerability of aquifers, configured together in a GIS specifically built for it, with the aim of evaluating the criticality of spatialization basins and identify which areas need more attention or have the best results. The study demonstrated that the physical and socioeconomic study of the two basins are similar and after the intervention in the basin of Una, any kind of indicator was monitored with a view to demonstrate the effectiveness of the intervention. The study also showed that health indicators linked to waterborne (why the intervention was also made) chosen for monitoring before and after the intervention, have partially direct connections to the environmental quality of the basin, but many indicators not could be chosen by the lack of government data. The vulnerability of the aquifer top is also concern in some quarters, in that much of the population obtains its supplies from this aquifer, which has its recharge provided, in part, by draining channels of Belém, known holders of very bad quality indices its waters and can even be characterized as true open sewers. The drainage channels and creeks of Belém, are thus responsible for directing this excess sewage into the Bay of Guajará and river Guamá through interconnection with those that have physiographic elements. Because the city has much of its area located in quotas of up to 4 meters, which is also the average annual tidal amplitude regional, these areas are subject to flooding. By way of consequence throughout the upper aquifer is vulnerable to infiltration of contaminated water channels, which in times of floods are dammed increasing the residence time in them,. The research now being evaluated scenarios and presentation indicators, this reality, leaving open the need to be constructed and monitored indicators other than the act of evaluating the effectiveness of public intervention can be more consistent. Finally the study also notes that several indicators could not be considered in the study due to insufficient and the quality of data provided by the government.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de tendências de variáveis hidroclimáticas na bacia hidrográfica Araguaia-Tocantins e suas implicações na agricultura irrigada
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-28) SALAME, Camil Wadih; BARBOSA, Joaquim Carlos; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6257794694839685; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-0984
The Araguaia-Tocantins Hydrographic Basin (BHAT) is the most extensive in drainage area within the Brazilian territory, with processes of use and occupation increasing in terms of the demands of agribusiness and mineral exploration. In this research, a statistical study was carried out on the hydroclimatic trends (precipitation and flow) in BHAT and its relations with irrigated agriculture. The hydroclimatic mapping based on cluster analysis identified four homogeneous regions within the BHAT, two to the north with a predominance of high rainfall/flow rates and less water availability. In the BHTA the rainy regime occurs between December to March and the dry regime between May and September. The months of October/November (dry to rainy) and April (rainy to dry) are transitional penods with pronounced variations in the seasonal cycle. The geostatistical study of rainfall/river flow forecast revealed that the results using the Box-Jenkings model are relatively better when compared to the Artificial Neural Networks model. The integrated approach of hydroclimatic variables with agricultural data within the BHTA revealed a significant pattern of negative trends in rainfall and flows that are spatially consistent in regions of intense productivity of com and soybeans and cattle. A relevant result was the detection of a significant spatial correlation between the number of central pivots (irrigation) in regions with low water availability, which favor the productivity of temporary crops.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise geoecológica como subsídio ao planejamento ambiental da sub-bacia hidrográfica do igarapé ambé, Altamira-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-27) LOBATO, Alexandre Augusto Cardoso; PAULA, Éder Mileno Silva De; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647718165947306; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-2126; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
Although the Amazon Biome has an incalculable value for the balance and maintenance of life on the planet, in recent years it has suffered from the construction of controversial infrastructure works, in particular the opening of highways and construction of hydroelectric plants, such as the BR-230 Highway (Transamazônica) and the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, as happened in the Xingu River hydrographic basin, which caused and can still entail several modifications at different spatial scales, mainly at the local level. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand the functioning of these landscapes and their tendencies towards changes arising from human activities, thus providing subsidies to plan environmentally sustainable uses. Adopting the concept of hydrographic basins as a physical-territorial unit for measuring socio-environmental impacts and the geoecology of landscapes as a methodology for systemic environmental analysis, this research aims to study the operation and changes caused by the opening of the Transamazon Highway and its construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Complex in the Igarapé Ambé hydrographic sub-basin which has its territorial extension cut by the aforementioned highway and is located within the Direct Influence Area (AID) and the Directly Affected Area (ADA) of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Complex and that drain the urban area of the city of Altamira in the State of Pará. The analyzes show that 45% of the SBHA's landscapes are with active morphogenetic processes and 29% are with moderate environmental vulnerability and in a fragile stage of ecodynamic balance, which shows the importance of thinking about alternative uses for these landscapes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação dos impactos da ocupação urbana sobre as águas da bacia hidrográfica do igarapé Mata Fome, Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-05-17) GASPAR, Marcia Tereza Pantoja; SOUZA, Eliene Lopes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2060516413833723
The watershed of the Mata Fome stream, with 6 km2, is located to the north of the Metropolitan Region of Belém. It is the pilot area for the implementation of the UN's Urban Management Program (PGU), which has among its objectives the environmental recovery of this area. The present study, inserted in the above mentioned program, evaluates alterations related to the anthropic occupation of the basin, through hydrogeological and water quality data from the stream and the free aquifer. In the analyzes of the waters carried out in the dry (November) and rainy (April) periods of 2000, the nitrogen components (NH4+, NO2-, NO3-), dissolved oxygen (OD), total dissolved solids (STD), fecal coliforms and total values, pH and electrical conductivity (EC). The hydrological regime of the stream was evaluated through discharge measurements and readings of limnimetric rulers, which were installed in an intensely occupied area, at the mouth of the stream, under the influence of the tides (station 1), and at its source, relatively preserved and without tidal influence (station 2). The stream showed a regime characterized by 9 hours of low tide and 4 hours of high tide, reaching higher water level heights in the rainy season (January-June), in the high tide, with a maximum height of about 3 meters, and a minimum of 0.4 meters at low tide. In the dry season (July-December) the maximum height, 1.99 m, also occurred at high tide, while the minimum height, 0.40 m, occurred at low tide. the net discharge from the stream was measured only in the dry period and presented minimum and maximum values of 0.03 and 0.201 m3/s, respectively, with the minimum value occurring in the transition from the ebb to flood regime. Double cylinder infiltration tests, carried out in the occupied area and at the source, revealed a rapid stabilization of infiltration in the first area, in relation to the most preserved area. The water from the stream showed pH values close to or greater than 7, the highest being obtained in the dry period. The electrical conductivity was also higher in this period, with an average of 260 µS/cm. The DO contents, quite low, varied between 1.0 and 3.5 mg/L, with the highest values obtained in the rainy season, possibly resulting from a greater oxygenation of the water in this period. The presence of domestic waste and sewage in the stream is mainly portrayed by the high amount of fecal coliforms that, in station 1, during the rainy season, reach a maximum of 92,000 CF/100 mL, at high tide. In the spring area, although relatively preserved, the CF values were also high, reaching a maximum of 65,000 CF/100 mL in the dry period. Among the nitrogen components analyzed, the NH4+ contents stand out, reaching values above 3 mg/L, reaching 12 mg/L in station 2, during the dry period, reflecting a small "invasion" that was beginning to settle in that area. area. The load carried by the stream evaluated at station 1, only for the dry period, presented higher values in the ebb tide, due to higher discharges in this tidal regime. Nitrate discharge was the highest, reaching a maximum of 0.44 µg/sec in the ebb tide regime. The ionic balance (t+km-2+year-1) showed positive values for all analyzed parameters, indicating a greater outflow of substances to the Guajará Bay, in relation to the solutes brought from this bay, during the flood tide. According to CONAMA Resolution No. 20/86, the water in the creek is unsuitable for bathing (primary contact recreation). The free aquifer studied, the main source of supply for the residents of the area, has a static level with an average depth ranging from 2.26 m to 1.21 m, between the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. Hydraulic potential maps, prepared from static level measurements carried out in 30 excavated wells, in these two periods, indicate that the underground flow converges to the stream. The regulatory reserve, calculated from the natural flow rate (VEN), presented a value of 1,050,000 m3, with a restitution for the stream of 175,000 m3/Km2. Among the water quality indicators evaluated, the ammonium levels are worth mentioning, reaching 3.54 mg/L, well above the potability limit (0.06 mg/L) established by USEPA. The nitrate content reached 30 mg/L, still below the potability limit (45 mg/L), but already deserving attention, due to its conservative character. The presence of fecal coliforms in the water of some analyzed wells also indicates that their water is unfit for human consumption.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação geoambiental e hidrológica da bacia do rio Itacaiunas, PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-24) CRUZ, Fábio Monteiro; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2313369423727020
The hydrological behavior of a watershed is determined jointly by its geoenvironmental, hydrological and landscape characteristics, therefore the study of these attributes is a way of elucidating it. The hydrological behavior of Itacaiunas river watershed, located in southeast Pará, was subject of an assessment based on its geoenvironmental attributes. Besides, regional hydrological variables were defined and the landscape dynamics of the watershed was also investigated. Hydrology applications and Geographic Information Systems were used, as well as data originated from the watershed monitoring. The results indicated that the main sub-watersheds are fourth-order physiographic units, being considered both physically and climatically homogeneous in this study. The probability distribution models which better fit to the maximum, minimum and average discharge data of seven consecutive days and ten years of recurrence related to the dry season of the Itacaiunas river watershed were respectively Pearson 3, Log-Pearson 3 and Log-Normal 2, whereas during the rainy season, it was Pearson 3, Normal and Pearson 3. The water balance of the watershed reported high water availability remaining for water rights concession; however it may have been overestimated. The assessment of the landscape dynamics of the watershed, in turn, has demonstrated a strong trend of modifications in land use for the watershed, during the study period. It also became evident that it happens on the occurrence areas of the more important sub-watersheds inside the hydrological context of Itacaiunas river watershed, making it possible to alter the water supply as an effect of the impacts of such modifications.
Desconhecido
Avaliação geoquímica de área selecionada da bacia hidrográfica do rio Maracanã (Nordeste do Pará).
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-06) COSTA, Fabíola Fernandes; LIMA, Waterloo Napoleão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1229104235556506
The basin of the Maracanã River, located in the Northeastern portion of the State of Pará, represents an important pole of regional development. For this reason, the selected area (3500 km2) was chosen, in order to obtain the geochemical formalism for the interpretation of analytic results related to the groundwater and surficial waters, in the search for relevant aspects on the sustainability of hydric resources. The selected region can be subdivided into three areas. First, an area of springs, characterized by higher topography (share above 40m) with vegetation of hiléia-like and capoeira-like sustained mainly by material of the Pós-Barreiras; estuarine area, under strong domain of the tides dynamics, resulting from the mixture of fluvial and oceanic waters being colonized by mangrove at the main river margins and in the bay area appearing Holocenic sediments; and transition area, under minimum influence or some marked influence of tides, itself in a slow and gradual way, mixturing the three types of vegetation mentioned above. The results of all studied parameters, physical, physical-chemical and chemical groundwater analyses permitted an evaluation regarding chemical composition and a possible interrelation with geological material. For the surficial waters, the same environmental parameters and analyses of chlorophyll-a were selected, trying to better characterize the environment according to the geographical location, seasonality and the dynamics of tides. The geochemical interpretations of the analytic results confirms the peculiar characteristics of each studied aquifer as poor in electrolytes and low values of pH, which are originating from much leached profile characteristical of aquifer of Pós-Barreiras and or semi-confined of the Barreiras prevailing waters sodium chloride-rich. In contrast, the aquifers of Pirabas high values of conductivity and alkalinity (434 μS.cm-1 and 200 mg.L-1 of CaCO3, respectively), ratifying the influence of the limestone in the Formation Pirabas prevailing waters calcium bicarbonate-rich. The results of diagram of stability show domain of kaolinitic’s soils, coherent fact with the Amazon geochemical areas. Geochemical interpretations and field observations suggest appreciable hydric availability, shown by abundant recharge area and chemical quality for these waters. However, it has been detected some problems related to saline intrusion (maximum observed around 33 mg.L-1 of Cl-) and to the vulnerability of aquifer from anthropogenic activities (Nova Vila 13,42 mg.L-1 NO3 - and Maracanã - well Jango, with 20; Bocal with 39; and hotel Atlanta, with 56,51 expressed in mg.L-1 NO3-). Surficial waters, hidrogeochemical characterization is discussed by sub-areas, such as spring areas, become more enriched in electrolytes during the dry season, whereas in the rainy season there is an increase in turbidity, color (maximum of 165 UC) and in organic matter (maximum in 5,8 mg.L-1) of a predominantly humic nature and a decrease of dissolved oxygen (4 mgL-1 O2) and in acidity (pH decreases to 4,8). In the transition areas changes in the values of the selected parameters are clearly observed. During the rainy season, one points out, the high acidity and low conductivity (with minimum in pH 4,8 and 21,2 μS.Cm-1, respectively) in places without any influence of tides; whereas in Peixe-Boi River the conductivity can reach 52,4 μS.cm-1. In the estuarine areas, it should be taken into account the dynamics of the tides. That effect is exemplified in the Maracanã River, under influence of oceanic waters, the electric conductivity reaches the maximum of 3130 μS.cm-1, 7,4 mg.L-1 for organic matter and chlorophyll-a evaluation maximum of 49,3 mg.m-3 in Penha (Northeastern bay). However, up stream bay (Santarém Novo) the conductivity, the organic matter (such from fluvial as from estuarine origin) and the chlorophyll-a decreases to 34,4 μS.cm-1, 6,5 mg.L-1 and 3,0 mg.m-3 respectively. The importance of the hydrologic cycle, the seasonal variations, the presence of mangroves, the cycling of nutrients, energy of the environment as a whole, permit in this context activities of sustainability, as fishing practices in different seasons, with differentiated predominance for fish, shrimps and crabs are good examples. A strategic planning for sustainability must take into account the variables discussed here.
Desconhecido
O clima tropical e a dengue: uma análise como subsídio para gestão ambiental municipal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-28) PEREIRA, Marcela Gonçalves; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454
Since the beginning of the 19th century, based on its geographic positioning, dengue was classified as a tropical disease due to its occurrence in greater quantity on the equator, in regions that have the characteristics of the tropical climate (VALLE; PIMENTA; CUNHA, 2015 ). However, after being controlled in the past, dengue has come to be classified as reemerging - neglected disease. Man-made urban modifications, along with climatic conditions, directly interfere with the relationship between climate, health and the environment (ARAUJO, 2010). The environmental factors also play a very important role in the occurrence of dengue, the study of the climatic characteristics of the places where they occur is a valuable source for epidemiological research (STOCCO et al., 2010). From 2007 to 2015, it was possible to observe the meteorological changes that have been occurring in the city of Belém do Pará, due to impacts caused by natural or anthropogenic sources and mainly, their impacts on the health of the population. From this, the main objective of this work was the mapping of the correlation of the temporal distribution of dengue with the meteorological parameters in seven districts that belong to the watershed of Una in the city of Belém / PA, in order to guide the public policies more Economic, sectoral, and thus, investments in the eradication of the disease. The meteorological data were obtained through conventional rain gauges of the Institute of Meteorology (INMET), located in the coordinates: Latitude: -1.43º; Longitude: -48.43; Under an altitude of 10 meters. Information on the occurrence of dengue was obtained through the Municipal Secretary of Public Health of Belém (SESMA). There was a strong correlation between rainfall data, relative humidity and compensated temperature of the river basin air with the studied disease, but the correlation varied according to seasonality and seasonality. By demonstrating that some planning factors of municipal actions contribute to the correlations of these recurrences of epidemics in this catchment area of Belém. For it was observed, based on the theoretical framework, that outbreaks should not occur in these proportions in the regions belonging to an already urbanized basin. Which makes the qualitative and sustainable actions for Belém much more costly and costly.
Desconhecido
Correlação entre índice de qualidade da água e usos múltiplos na bacia hidrográfica do igarapé da Prata, Capitão Poço/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-06) RODRIGUES, Rodrigo Silvano Silva; FERNANDES, Lindemberg Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4641468846318922
Water quality indicators are important tools for the summary and generation of solid foundations about water resources degradation. The Water Quality Index of the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (WQI-CETESB) is the main water quality index used in Brazil. In relation between water quality and degradation in drainage basins, it is common to associate multiple uses of soil and water. This research correlates the WQI-CETESB to multiple uses of water and soil at three collection sites in the Prata catchment, located in the municipality of Capitão Poço / PA, about 154 km east of Belém / PA. It is a rural area in northeast Pará with intense agricultural activities. It was carried out eighteen campaigns with twenty-three collections, being that are twelve ones in the rainy season and eleven ones in the less rainy season. The index was calculated from the analysis of its nine parameters: turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total solids, pH, temperature and thermotolerant coliforms. The descriptive statistics was applied to synthesize the obtained data. The morphometry of the drainage areas of the collection sites was analyzed in order to understand the influence of these physical characteristics on the water quantity and quality. Soil use and coverage were mapped using georeferencing tools. The association between WQI-CETESB results and multiple uses was verified by checking the variables with the greatest influence on the value obtained for the index. Based on the WQI-CETESB, the water quality in the Prata catchment ranges between the categories Fair and Good. The values obtained in the majority did not present significant variations for the different periods (rainy and less rainy). The descriptive statistics proved to be efficient for the analysis of the results obtained from WQI-CETESB. The morphometric analysis of the drainage areas showed that the shape and the topography are not factors that impact the water quantity and quality in the catchment. The mapping of soil use and coverage and activities related to multiple uses of water, showed to be efficient as an aid in the visualization of local dynamics. The variables that most influenced the results were thermotolerant coliforms, pH, DO, BOD and total phosphorus, with representativeness associated to the three collection sites studied. The main sources of pollution raised by the mapping are strongly related to the results obtained. Targets for quality improvement and mitigation measures should be established with the aim of reducing local water degradation.
Desconhecido
Degradação da bacia hidrográfica do rio Peixe Boi, Pará, Brasil: participação do consórcio intermunicipal como instrumento de gestão econômico-ambiental
(Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales S.L., 2018-09) SILVA JÚNIOR, Antônio Rodrigues da; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SIQUEIRA, Emerson de Jesus Nascimento
The contemporary thinking demands social and environmental water resources as a limited natural resource, public good, value and used for multiple uses, and that need to be managed as social justice, democratic mechanisms, decentralized and participatory, as provided for in the National water resources Policy (PNRH), Federal Law No. 9,433/1997. It is becoming increasingly necessary a change in behavior and social habits, in order to get the rational use of water and sustainable, balanced and synergistic relationship of man in relation to the natural environment and its resources, for your use, especially the water resources in terms of individuality and in maximizing economic, causes a natural worrying imbalance that may lead the company to experience critical times of water shortage or even collapse. In this sense, it is necessary that users of this resource, along with the public authorities constitute rational habits reconcile economic development with your sustainability, allowing future generations the your use. In this perspective the intermunicipal consortium of the catchment area, as provided for in article 47 subsection I of PNRH, as water resources civil organizations, as well as in article 59, paragraph (I) of the policy of the State of Pará in the northern region water resources management (6.381 Law/2001) is an important management tool in the preservation of water resources, as it represents the mutual cooperation of municipal territories drained by one or more of the catchment area for your sustainability, as well as by insertingparticipatory, where organized society has voice and power in management decision-making, ensuring good results in multiple use (d)water and the maintenance of existing biodiversity in these ecosystems. Therefore, this article aimed to develop an analysis of the indicators of environmental degradation on PeixeBoi River basin, Northeast region of the State of Pará in Brazil, specifically in the Northeast, and propose the bragantinaintermunicipal Consortium as This management tool, essential resource for the drainage network of the river basin district-Northeast Atlantic Coast and, above all, as economic, social and cultural resource for the local populations. To this end, as basic requirement of producing research, this article included a survey of library collections relevant to the topic and your perusal. In addition, 03 (three) field activities, which provided on-the-spotobservations of environmental degradation and preponderant information survey, semi-structured interviews with fishermen and managers of the city of Peixe-Boi/PA. It is therefore concluded that the reality found in the studied area is critical from the point of view of water degradation. The indicators raised as major causes of this degradation (deforestation, erosion, siltation and pollution) continue to be practiced repeatedly without appropriate action by the local government and the organized society, therefore, becomes essential managerial mechanisms that minimize the impacts of human economic activities on water resources, especially when these actions directly affect the quality of water, essential to life and feature the Consortium of the catchment area is configured as an instrument that makes possible the concerns of sustainability of the PeixeBoi River basin.
Desconhecido
Dinâmica geoambiental e as transformações da paisagem da bacia hidrográfica do rio Ituna, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-08) BALIEIRO, Bruna Taynara de Souza; VELOSO, Gabriel Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9757471213923099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3655-4166
The diversity of public policy incentives and the overlapping of large development projects in the Amazon have made it a complex region, directly influencing the transformations of the landscape and its geoenvironmental dynamics. The study area of this research comprises the Ituna watershed (BHRI), located in the municipalities of Altamira-PA and Senador José Porfírio-PA, currently consisting of six land units, including settlement projects and indigenous land, created under different contexts . Furthermore, the area is under the influence of large projects such as the UHE Belo Monte and speculation about the implementation of the Volta Grande Project (Belo Sun) for mining exploration. Given these factors, the research analyzed the geoenvironmental dynamics and transformations of the BHRI landscape, through changes in land use and cover, over 36 years, considering the context of public policies to encourage forms of land use (land policies and agricultural/agriculture), as well as the insertion and speculation of large projects in its zone of influence. The results point to significant changes on a multitemporal scale, where in 2022 Agriculture represented 60,829.59 hectares (38.67%) and Forestry Formation 95,879.32 hectares (60.96%) of BHRI, it is important to highlight that of this total Forest Formation, 17,464.9533 hectares are located in the Koatinemo TI. The data confirm a substantial increase in the expansion of agriculture and livestock over the BHRI forest. The study also highlights the conservation of the forest in the Koatinemo TI when compared to settlement projects. The study reinforces the complexity of creating and executing developmental policies for the Amazon and how the actions of human beings constantly affect the landscape.
Desconhecido
Educação ambiental e gestão de recursos hídricos: a Bacia Hidrográfica da Estrada Nova, Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-29) RIOS, Naiara de Almeida; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532279040491194
The Estrada Nova Hydrographic Basin has been receiving, since 2009, urban and environmental infrastructure works, from the implementation of the Estrada Nova Sanitation Program, PROMABEN. Inserted in this program, environmental education ap-663pears as a management tool that assists in the transformation of the relationship between human beings and nature. And it is thinking about the importance of environmental education in the management process, especially in water resources, that this study intends to evaluate the influence of the environmental education actions developed by PROMABEN in the Estrada Nova Hydrographic Basin, Belém / PA. To that end, the perception of the residents and schools of the neighborhoods of the basin was analyzed, and an Environmental Education Indicator was created for the area. For the development of the research, there were on-site visits and interviews with residents of the area, with teachers and school technicians, and a representative of PROMABEN. The qualitative-quantitative method was used for the analysis of results, and the Factorial Analysis technique for the creation of the Environmental Education Indicator. The results demonstrate that PROMABEN has not developed environmental education in the Estrada Nova Hydrographic Basin and is therefore inconclusive as to the execution and finalization of its objectives and results, which compromises the role of environmental education in the management process. Thus characterizing, on the one hand, the accumulation of certain actions and on the other, incomplete results that need to be evaluated, and validated or not, by the municipal public power. Based on this study, it is hoped to contribute to the deepening of discussions on public policies, environmental management, and, above all, the need to develop environmental education in programs such as PROMABEN, especially in the city of Belém. an instrument of change of social values that prepares subjects for citizenship from a new world view, where water resources, as well as the other natural elements, are inherently thought of human beings.
Desconhecido
Fundamentos para o gerenciamento integrado dos recursos hídricos na microbacia urbana do rio Maguari-Açu com vistas à sustentabilidade hidroambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-24) SILVA, Valdinei Mendes da; ABREU, Francisco de Assis Matos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9626349043103626
The city of Ananindeua, as part of the Belém Metropolitan Region - BMR, has received the negative impacts resulting from the disorderly occupation of territorial space. The natural conditions of the region have been ignored in this process of urban settlement, which is verified by analyzing the current status of surface and underground water resources, which are being rapidly degraded, because of the lack of interventions, that are primarily that guarantee government control of these impacts or the implementation of actions merely reproduce historical actions without success. The analysis of socioeconomic and hydro-environmental conditions demonstrated the hydro unsustainability of this region, as well as the existence of the various conflicts that refers specifically to water resources. In order to counter this situation, are presented basis for the integrated management of water resources in the urban watershed of the river "Maguari-Acu," which seek to reach this sustainability. Such basis were structured in five (05) actions: 1) Division of BMR in six (6) river basin, 2) Environmental zoning in River Basin of Maguari-Açu, 3) Management of soil sealing and runoff, 4) Strategies of social organization for the management of urban watersheds and 5) management of information from the integrated data base. To support such basis, future scenarios were developed, anchored in the legal framework and the existing technological apparatus, instruments sufficient for integrated actions between the government and society in general, making it possible to undertake the processing needed for the construction or reconstruction of cities from principles of sustainability.
Desconhecido
Gestão ambiental e a participação social em programas urbanos em Belém: o Programa de Saneamento da Estrada Nova
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-28) RIOS, Naiara de Almeida; LIMA, Ana Carolina Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0290918767412787; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-5169-6739; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
Social participation is one of the hallmarks of Brazil's redemocratization from the 1990s onward. During this period in the city of Belém, social movements were connected to the struggle for better living conditions, particularly in the lowland (floodplain) areas of the city. The demand for sanitation and macro-drainage projects became one of their key issues. These areas have a history of unplanned occupation and have grown on the fringes of sanitation, health, safety, and leisure services. Additionally, the floodplains are floodprone areas, and with intense urbanization, flooding has become one of the biggest problems, causing socio-environmental disruptions and material losses for their inhabitants. In response to this reality, in 2005, the city government created the Sanitation Program of the Estrada Nova Basin – PROMABEN, inspired by the residents of the lowland areas of the Estrada Nova watershed (comprising the neighborhoods of Jurunas, Condor, Cremação, Guamá, Cidade Velha, Batista Campos, São Brás) since the 1990s. The program aimed to develop sanitation and macro-drainage works in the area, benefiting more than 300,000 residents directly and indirectly. PROMABEN was designed from the perspective of the democratic city management model, thus social participation is an obligatory component of this program, also guaranteed in the operational policies of its main financier, the IDB. Consequently, the Community Participation Program (PPC) of PROMABEN was created, which aims to include mechanisms for perception and social involvement of the residents, ensuring transparent and democratic intervention, enabling the discussion of social demands and aspirations. This study's main objective is to analyze social participation in the Estrada Nova basin through the actions of PROMABEN. To structure the thesis, the work was divided into six chapters. To achieve the defined objectives, three important stages were considered: the first involved secondary data collection, the second involved interviews with program technicians and community leaders in the area, and the last involved data analysis and results. Based on the collected results, it was possible to create a participation indicator, developed from the relationship between the interviewees' perceptions and the results indicators signaled by the PPC. These indicators were divided into three main groups to facilitate analysis (Quality of life, Strengthening of organizations, and Social and environmental improvements). The Quality of life indicator was considered poor, the Strengthening of organizations indicator was evaluated as poor, and Social and environmental improvements were seen as moderate. It is believed that the social organization of the basin's residents has promoted various socio-environmentalimprovements, but these are not directly linked to PROMABEN. The social initiatives showed that they are an attempt by residents to bring dignity to the area, which continues to suffer from political neglect and lacks sanitation, education, health, and leisure services. According to the residents interviewed, social participation within the program was seen as limited and simplistic, and thus did not contribute significantly to transforming the area's socio-environmental reality.
Desconhecido
Impactos socioambientais de grandes projetos urbanos na Amazônia: ecologia política e cartografia para gestão de recursos naturais na Bacia da Estrada Nova, Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-08) PANTOJA, Larissa Mourão; SILVA, Christian Nunes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4284396736118279; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863
This work sought the understand and identify the social and environmental impacts at Estrada Nova´s hydrographic basin trough the urban interventions of macrodenage in an area considered peripheral, swampy and facing sanitary issues. From on-site verification, the characterization of the area, the official documents available by PROMABEN and the open interviews with community leaders and municipal public managers, several socio-environmental impacts were identified. Among them, the top five were listed, based on technical descriptions and the principle of natural resource management. As the objective of this work is the spatial identification of impacts, mapping techniques were used based on theoretical references of political ecology, in order to understand how the territory reproduces socio-spatial segregation and affects the most vulnerable, starting from the conception of the capitalist system, especially in peripheral areas. The qualitative method was used based on interviews with community leaders, as they represent a portion of the local population. Due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus, the individual interview with the community became unfeasible. For mapping the impacts, it used GPS navigation and photographic records. The study area was concentrated around. Bernardo Sayão Avenue, as it was the area affected by the PROMABEN works. As a result of this research, five maps were generated, being a general map of the impacts and four divided by sub-basin, with the purpose of spatial identification of the socio-environmental impacts, and thus contributing to the autonomy of the population through the recognition of the territory and the acceptance of these impacts that occur in a way that contradicts the way of life of the population and the local reality.
Desconhecido
Mudanças de uso e cobertura da terra e sua relação com a fragmentação florestal e o comportamento hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Caripi-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-10-29) TAMASAUSKAS, Priscilla Flores Leão Ferreira; JARDIM, Mario Augusto Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9596100367613471; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594
The process of use and occupation of the northeastern region in Pará and the high fragmentation of forest, indicate impacts in the watershed, which can result in reducing the amount of water responsible for the flow of these systems. This study aimed to develop the multi-temporal mapping in order to define the classes of land use and land cover of the watershed of Caripi river, to evaluate the degree of fragmentation of forest, especially the riparian zones, and simulate their effects on run off behavior. The methodological procedures were: the temporal analysis of classes of land use and land cover from Landsat images; characterization in situ of the landscape units and description of the main environmental systems associated; identification and delineation of riparian zones; application of landscape metrics; and flow behavior estimate by Curve/Number SCS method. The results indicate that the basin is in an advanced state of fragmentation in the middle-higher course. The model and the field observations indicate that it may be affecting the water regime, with a considerable change of the flow, according the form of prevailing land cover. The maintenance of riparian forest in Caripi watershed is required.
Desconhecido
Simulation of flow in the Capim River (PA) using the SWAT Model
(Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2019-01) NUNES, Hildo Giuseppe Garcia Caldas; SOUSA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; SANTOS, Joyse Tatiane Souza dos
Flow in the Capim River watershed, located in the state of Pará, Brazil, was estimated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in order to determine its use efficiency. The meteorological data (from 2000 to 2010) were collected from an automatic station located in the municipality of Paragominas. The pluviometric and fluviometric data are available at the National Water Agency (ANA) website. Overall results show Efficiency Coefficient (Eff) values of 0.65 (for sub-basin 5) and 0.87 for the entire investigated period. The results also show a reduction in Eff estimation error, which started from over-estimation of 219.18% and declined to underestimation of 18% (in sub-basin 5). In summary, validation of the SWAT model was successful after adjusting the sensors during the calibration phase. Thereby, this model can be used in other studies evaluating river basins.