Artigos Científicos - FAPSI/IFCH

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2256

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 85

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Abordagem biocomportamental: síntese da análise do comportamento?
(1997) CAVALCANTE, Simone Neno
This papel provides a general discussion of the biobehavioral approach as discussed by Donahoe, Burgos, and Palmer, (1993) and Donahoe and Palmer, 1994). It raises the hypothesis that a synthetic theory on the origin of complex behavior would show how the cumulative effects of relatively simple reinforcement processes lead to the diversity and complexity of human behavior. These authors used computer simulations to generate analogues of complex behavioral phenomena, integrated with neurological processes that have been established through experimental analysis. This integration between behavioral and neuroscientific findings may constitute a synthesis which might claim behavioral complexity as being of its domain.
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Adesão ao tratamento do hipotireoidismo congênito segundo relato de cuidadores
(2010-04) OLIVEIRA, Fabiana Pereira Sabino de; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira
This study aims at identifying variables which interfere on the entry into the treatment according to reports of caregivers of children suffering from Congenital Hypothyroidism seen at the Center of Reference in Pará State. Fifty main caregivers, with different degrees of kinship to the children and ranging from 17 to 55 years old, took part in this study. The variables related to the treatment entry were identified by means of interviews with the caregivers following structured pilot instructions. Results showed that most of the caregivers are not aware of the characteristics of the disease, its etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognostic, regardless the age, school degree, kinship and amount of time the child is on the Program, which makes the treatment entry more difficult. In most children, the Newborn Screening Test was not done in the right time, fact that brought damage to the treatment.
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Adesão ao tratamento por cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes soropositivos para o HIV
(2011-12) SALLES, Caroline Mota Branco; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; SEIDL, Eliane Maria Fleury
This study aimed to investigate the pattern of adherence of caregivers of HIV seropositive children and adolescents and to identify the coping strategies against the stressors of seropositivity. The 30 caregivers that participated in the study responded to a semi-structured interview and a scale of how to cope with problems. A clinical record was used as a secondary data source. The caregivers were classified in an adhesion group (n=25) and non-adhesion group (n=5), based on their behavior related to the use of antiretroviral medicaments and other criteria. No significant differences were found in coping strategies between the groups, except in the strategy based on religiosity/fantasy thinking. The results provide a basis for interventions aimed at reducing psychosocial impacts of HIV.
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Algumas interrogações acerca das produções midiáticas sobre a juventude
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08) FRANCO, Ana Carolina Farias; LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; FERRERI, Marcelo de Almeida; REIS JÚNIOR, Leandro Passarinho; MACEDO, Adriana Elisa de Alencar
This article discusses the emergence of young and how the media has been cut by forging this disciplinary practices, rooted in the Standards development and how the deviations of the same. The notion of young, idealizes as one who is constituted as a creative, dynamic, rebellious and productive, healthy and a potential consumer of digital Technologies flexible can promote social mobilization of community. That the policies created for the Brazilian youth are focused on the axis of violence prevention and education to work. Although we discuss the vision of the Young elite linked to consumption and lifestyle associated with brands, to Sport and the use of digital devices.
Desconhecido
Alguns aspectos da política nacional de saúde do trabalhador no Brasil
(Associação Brasileira de Psicologia Social, 2018-06) CRUZ, Amanda Pereira de Carvalho; FERLA, Alcindo Antônio; LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira
This paper analyzes the practices that produce subjective processes on workers by biopolitical guided devices, through the analysis of care management in Brazil. We sought to analyze the construction of the Occupational Health Policies in the country, focusing on the formulation of National Policy of Security and Occupational Health (2004), based on Michel Foucault’s method, focused on documentary analysis. In this process, we can observe the conflict between work as a risk and work as production of subjectivity, which leads to the construction of notions of health-control and health-integrality. The creation of lines of care in Occupational Health in health services allows us to place this issue increasingly in the field of public health in Brazil and reduce the dispersion of worker’s cases of suffering, which remain at the level of the unsaid.
Desconhecido
Ambiente de moradia e controle primário em idosos
(2008) KHOURY, Hilma Tereza Tôrres; GÜNTHER, Isolda de Araújo
The relation between home environment and two modalities of perceived control: primary control (PC) and secondary control (SC), was investigated. PC and SC refer to efforts exerted to: a) adapt the environment to the residents' needs and attainment of goals; b) adapt to the environment. The non-probabilistic quota sample was composed of 315 residents in Brasília-DF, Brazil, (105 male; 210 female), between 60 and 92 years old. Data were collected through interviews at the respondents' households. Results indicated: 1) Inverse correlation between PC and social density of the home environment - DESAM (r = -0.119; p ≤ 0.05); 2) Perceived control was significantly higher among elderly who had their own bedroom (t = 2.21; df = 313; p ≤ 0.05) compared to those who did not have an exclusive bedroom. The results suggest that low DESAM favors PC in this stage of life, when many activities are performed at home, and freedom of action and privacy are very important needs.
Desconhecido
Uma análise do acontecimento "crianças e jovens em risco"
(2014-04) LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; SCHEINVAR, Estela; NASCIMENTO, Maria Lívia do
This article discusses the risk event, from a historical and political perspective. It presents an overview of the debate on this analytical category, denaturalizing it. In the second part of the text, we seek to weave a description of how the risk event came on the scene in the policy of protection of children and young people as a strategic means of social protection and prevention. Then, it analyzes how risk management is materialized in the practices of the guardianship council members in Brazil, following the approval of the Statute of Children and Adolescents. The guardianship council becomes a central board of management of deviations in behalf of full protection. We conclude that managing risks involves governing behaviors out of the logic of a safety society.
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Análise estratégica do processo de formulação da PM&A-SUS: lições aprendidas e desafios
(Centro Brasileiro de Estudos de Saúde, 2017-03) CAMPELO, Luiz Marques; SANTOS, Elizabeth Moreira dos; OLIVEIRA, Paulo de Tarso Ribeiro de
This article presents the Strategic Analysis (AE) of the formulation process of SUS National Policy on Monitoring and Evaluation (PNM&A-SUS). The study employed a qualitative document analysis and literature review, accounting for the three dimensions of AE: relevance of the problem (needed institutional policy); proposed objectives and mobilized partnerships. The analysis showed a discontinuous formulation process with relevant controversies regarding evaluation purposes, assumptions, responsibilities and expected competencies among stakeholders. The interrupted formulation process needs to be recommenced, as for the lessons learned and the realistic context assessment.
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Assertividade e autocontrole: interpretação analítico-comportamental
(2010-06) MARCHEZINI-CUNHA, Vívian; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; Universidade Federal de Brasília
Issues related to assertiveness have been investigated by behavior therapists for over three decades. It is more recent, however, the effort made by behavior-analytic therapists to examine such issues with the same conceptual and methodological tools employed by their colleagues in basic and conceptual research. This study aims to provide a behavior-analytic interpretation of assertive, aggressive and passive behavior patterns. We recovered some definitions of assertiveness/aggressiveness/passiveness and then examined the corresponding phenomena as behavioral relations, discussed some aspects of the behavior-analytic approach of self-control, and suggested that behavioral relations defined as assertiveness/aggressiveness/passiveness may be interpreted as instances of self-control or impulsiveness. Such approach may give rise to new directions in clinical research of social skills from a behavior-analytic standpoint.
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Avaliação da completude da variável raça/cor nos sistemas nacionais de informação em saúde para aferição da equidade étnico-racial em indicadores usados pelo índice de desempenho do sistema único de saúde
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12) BRAZ, Rui Moreira; OLIVEIRA, Paulo de Tarso Ribeiro de; MACHADO, Nadia Maria da Silva; REIS, Afonso Texeira dos
The race/color variable was assessed in eight national systems/modules of health information. The calculation feasibility and use of indicators were also evaluated as for this same issue under the Unified Health System. Only three modules/systems could validate three out of the 24 indicators used by the SUS Performance Index. Despite advances towards health of ethnic and racial groups, the completeness of the variable is mandatory to allow for a better evaluation of the black population heath conditions. The monitoring of this variable is recommended by improving data collection and feed. It is important to broaden the debate on ethnic and racial equity in health by applying the mentioned performance index for monitoring the black population health care by Governments and social movements.
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O behaviorismo radical e a interdisciplinaridade: possibilidade de uma nova síntese?
(2005-12) CHAVES, Evenice Santos; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria
Psychology as science is historically engaged in theoretical disputes resulting from divergent viewpoints concerning the nature of knowledge generated by different epistemological, theoretical and methodological approaches, and by the particular divisions in the subject matter made by the researchers themselves. At the present time, epistemology of the complexity calls attention to the incompleteness, characteristic of scientific knowledge, that in turn affects the conduct of researchers, creating conditions for new dialogues between differing perspectives within and between disciplines. This article proposes a renewal of the dialogue between radical behaviorism and formal critical constructivism that, by emphasizing complementary relationships and opposing polarized thinking which has permeated these disciplines, may result in a new synthesis or new general theory of meaning. A new synthesis between the two approaches would reformulate the understanding of meaning development and the role of the reinforcement in the construction and enhancement of meaning.
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Caracterização, reincidência e percepção de homens autores de violência contra a mulher sobre grupos reflexivos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-11) VASCONCELOS, Cristina Silvana da Silva; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves
This study seeks to characterize men who were perpetrators of violence against women (HAV) and their participation in Reflexive Groups (GR) of the Nucleus X in Belém-PA, Brazil, highlighting the recidivism and the perception of HAV about GR. This is a documentary study with records made between 2012 and 2015. Among the results, 33.8% of these men (n = 24) did not complete Elementary School, 58.8% (n = 40) were alcohol users, 54.8% (n = 40) lived with the woman at the time of the aggression. In addition, 61.2% (n = 41) were prosecuted for physical violence against women, but only 1.3% (n = 1) relapsed in this form of aggression after participating in the GR. These have been described as an accessible mechanism in the prevention of violence that provides care, learning and reflection, demand for more research and investments that approach other social politics in order to build a solid network of reformulation of social relations of gender.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamento de crianças, acompanhantes e auxiliares de enfermagem durante sessão de punção venosa
(2010-09) LEMOS, Isabela Porpino; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira
This study describes the behavioral repertoire of fourteen children, aged 4-12 years old, with cancer diagnoses, during a venepuncture procedure for chemotherapy, and of their caregivers and nursing assistants. Data collection was accomplished through direct observation with the use of the Observation Scale of Behavior Distress. Three systems of behavior categories were used (for children, caregivers and nursing assistants). There were no significant differences between concurrent and non-concurrent behaviors of preschool and school children. There was greater behavioral variability among caregivers of pre-school children and higher frequency of verbal behaviors directed to school children among nursing assistants. It is discussed the need of psychological preparation for invasive procedures in pediatric oncology.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comportamento privado: acessibilidade e relação com comportamento público
(2001) SIMONASSI, Lurismario Ernesto; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; SILVA, André Vasconcelos da
This study empirically analyzed behaviors inaccessible to public observation. Using a procedure that experimentally turned public previously covert responses through the resolution of problems, it was possible to verify 1) the effectiveness of contingencies programmed to turn public previously covert precurrent responses; 2) the relationship between covert verbal responses and programmed contingencies; and, 3) the subsequent probability of behaviors under control of stimuli generated by the covert response to be positively reinforced. Sixty-four human subjects distributed in two conditions Complex and Simple participated in the study. After each attempt, informative responses and written responses about the resolution of problems were obtained. The results show that task complexity did not interfere with the private characteristic of the responses and that the social contingencies turned public the precurrent responses in the problem resolution. This procedure gives empirical evidence to some propositions established by radical behaviorists and offers new questions for the discussion of private events.
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Compreendendo as diferenças de gênero a partir de interações livres no contexto escolar
(2010-04) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; BRITO, Regina Célia Souza; FIGUEIRA, Renata Almeida; BENTES, Tatiana Frazão; MONTEIRO, Eline Freire; SANTOS, Marina Cunha
Evolutionary Psychology considers that gender differences in play are a result of cultural influences upon pre-dispositions selected in the species. The compatibility of these differences with theoretical prevision was investigated. Seventy three six/seven years old students of private schools were recorded in four 30 minutes sessions. Playful behavior frequency and playmate choice were counted. Later, 21 children were asked about favourite plays and how they classified those plays accordingly to gender patterns. Both sexes participated in similar activities but their interactions were mostly restricted to members of the same sex. It was also observed that there were topographic differences in the way they played, accordingly to sex. The interviews, as shown in the literature, allowed to identify that the speech and the behavior observed were different, with a higher cultural influence upon the speech.
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O conceito de ansiedade na análise do comportamento
(2008) COÊLHO, Nilzabeth Leite; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury
The concept of anxiety has been used in Behavior Analysis under the control of different events or relations. In this article, we offer a theoretical and conceptual review of behavior-analytic approaches for anxiety, and of the behavioral relations that are highlighted in the literature. We start with a description of the current usages of the concept of anxiety. We point out that such usages vary from the role assigned to physiological changes, to the definition of respondent and operant relations (verbal and non-verbal) and to the implications for verbal therapy. We, then, discuss such variations as complementary explanations for a complex phenomenon, in which events acquire several functions, through processes of direct and indirect conditioning. Finally, we summarize some defining characteristics of anxiety from a behavior-analytic standpoint, and we argue that, as a clinical disorder, anxiety may be related to self-control.
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O conceito de esclarecimento em Horkheimer, Adorno e Freud: apontamentos para um debate
(2011-12) SOUZA, Maurício Rodrigues de
This article analyses the concept of enlightenment in Horkheimer, Adorno and Freud. Therefore, it traces a parallel between two of the most representative works of these authors in terms of cultural criticism: The Concept of Enlightenment and The Future of an Illusion, respectively. Although an initial approach might suggest different theoretical perspectives, we emphasize that they can be taken as complementary in defense of a more adequate using of conceptual thought.
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Concepção de criança na pós-modernidade
(2007-06) PIMENTEL, Adelma do Socorro Gonçalves; ARAÚJO, Lucivaldo da Silva
The article presents a synthetic perspective of the child’s conception, punctuating subjects related to the new-modernity and to the problem of the sexual violence inside the family, what is part of the bibliographical revision for the elaboration of the Master’s degree work in Psychology by the UFPA. The reflections are articulated through the point of view of Psychology and of occupational therapy, because the first is the base of our master’s degree paper and the second is our field of work. The new-modern thought values the singular and the idiosyncratic; so learning about the speech of the child shows us the importance of understanding what children think and feel about their infantile condition. The Psychology we based on offers for the analyses the concept of psychological nutrition, related to the offers the caretakers make of positive nutrition, which allows the child to grow in a creative and healthy way; besides this, occupational therapy presents the concept of expressive activities.
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Construcionismo, práticas discursivas e possibilidades de pesquisa em psicologia social
(2007-12) MÉLLO, Ricardo Pimentel; SILVA, Alyne Alvarez; LIMA, Maria Lúcia Chaves; MOTA, Angela Di Paolo
This paper presents the constructionist movement as a critical perspective in Social Psychology, which proposes to understand and explain the processes of institutionalization that have made certain facts essentialized. For such, it focuses on the study of discursive practices, regarding language practice as a cause of effects. This language perspective makes research possible that focuses happenings in the interface between the uses of language and the conditions of its production and propagation. The movement indicates the need to redirect research to the regimes of truth that the discursive practices sustain or break and, also, for the relations of power that control, select and organize enunciations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crenças de mães e professoras sobre o desenvolvimento da criança
(2011-04) BAHIA, Celi da Costa Silva; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos
Studies have shown a link between the way the adults think and the forms they become related with the children. This study had as objective to know the mothers and teachers' beliefs about the development of the child who frequents the day-care center to identify if the beliefs had characteristics of abilities or dysfunctions. Twenty-eight adults had participated in this study (16 mothers and 12 teachers). To collect the data it was utilized the focal group and to interpret them, the analysis of the content. The results had pointed that the participants have the same belief (environmentalist) about the development, but have different conceptions about the direction where the familiar context and/or of the day-care center influences in the development. The analysis indicates that the initial and continued formation of the professionals needs to contemplate specific aspects of the children development so the more adjusted beliefs can be constructed and shared with the families of children who frequent collective environments.