Artigos Científicos - NUMA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3274

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 92

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental como instrumento de política pública contra o descarte desordenado de resíduo tecnológico
(Universidade de São Paulo, 2023) OLIVEIRA, Moises Santiago de; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The article aims to discuss essential topics for understanding the theme of environmental education. In this context, certain crucial issues for the development of this work will be presented, namely: capitalism, planned obsolescence, hyperconsumption, environmental policy and legislation, reverse logistics, selective collection and the governance/accountability process. The study was carried out from the theoretical survey of articles in national databases, books and official documents. Throughout the article, the following topics will be addressed: capitalism and the use of programmed obsolescence as a means for the constitution and maintenance of hyperconsumer societies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perda de cobertura florestal e políticas públicas em assentamentos de reforma agrária na Amazônia: análise do P.A Tuerê, Novo Repartimento, Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2023) FARIAS, Monique Helen Cravo Soares; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SANTOS, Cleber Assis dos; SILVA, Christian Nunes da
From the point of view of history, the Pará Amazon, the territorial correspondent of the State of Pará, has been undergoing a series of major transformations, especially in its frontiers. In the past, this region was a priority target for colonization programs and for the establishment of rural settlements, whose main objective was to populate remote areas of the country as a kind of geopolitical strategy. At present, however, the intensive land use dynamics on the Frontier of Pará indicates a significant increase in deforestation in areas of rural settlements. In these circumstances, inserted in the region of the Arc of Deforestation, there is the municipality of Novo Repartimento, state of Pará, which has 32 rural settlement projects in a total area of 5,596.5 km2. Among them, there is the Tuerê Federal Settlement Project, created on August 4, 1987, the first project installed in Novo Repartimento. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze, characterize and map the contribution of Tuerê Settlement Project to deforestation in Novo Repartimento, Pará, during the period from 1985 to 2020. The land cover classification derived from MAPBIOMAS was used to identify the deforested areas in Tuerê. The results are important to show the influence that the Agrarian Reform settlement projects have on the total deforestation of the municipality, evidenced from an increase of 1,448.73 km2 in deforested areas in 35 years in the Tuerê Settlement Project.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os açaizais nas ilhas de Abaetetuba - PA: etnoconhecimento e manejo
(Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2022-08) NEGRÃO, Antonia do Socorro Silva; MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos
Human populations interact with natural ecosystems and develop practices for the use of natural resources and from their daily experiments generate empirical knowledge. The research aimed to systematize the knowledge about the açaí ethnovarieties present in the Abaetetuba Islands PA and the management carried out by riverside dwellers in the floodplain areas with native açaizais to contribute to the dialogue between technical assistance agents and the riverside residents. In the surveyed islands, three black, white and one ethnovarieties were identified. The description of ethnovarieties was carried out based on the ethnodescriptors commonly used by riverside dwellers. The research located the origin of the genetic resources of the three ethnovarieties of açaí and this information can be used by research and technical assistance as an instrument of genetic conservation on farm. It was found that the riverside inhabitants of the main açaí producing islands in the municipality of Abaetetuba are not receiving technical assistance to carry out the management of the açaizais.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sequestro de carbono em sistemas silvipastoris de regeneração natural da agricultura familiar, São Domingos do Araguaia - PA
(Brazilian Journals Publicações de Periódicos e Editora Ltda, 2021-09) GUIMARÃES, Tatiane Pereira; MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; OLIVEIRA, Ilmaione Keisa de Souza; CASTRO, Albinei Araujo de; OLIVEIRA, Pâmela Dias de; COSTA, Karolinny Carneiro Guerra
This research aimed to quantify the carbon stock of aboveground living vegetation in silvopastoral systems of natural regeneration practiced by family farmers in the settlement project Belo Horizonte II. The settlement is located in São Domingos do Araguaia – PA and the SSP managed from the natural regeneration of tree species constitutes an alternative for the integration of socioeconomic and environmental objectives, seeking sustainability for family farming in Southeast Pará. The biomass of the arboreal component was obtained from data from the field evaluation carried out in December 2009. The arboreal biomass per hectare was estimated from of calculation: BA = (ΣBA/1000) x (10000/plot area) and the carbon stock was estimated from ΔCBA = (BA x CF), where: ΔCBA = amount of carbon in aboveground living biomass (t C/ha); BA = aboveground living woody biomass (t DM/ha); CF = is the carbon fraction (t C /t MS) which, according to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), defaults to 0.5. The carbon stock in the aboveground living biomass was 14.08 t C/ha, being 0.27 C t/ha and 13.81 t C/ha for the woody and non-tree vegetation biomass, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição botânica na área de influência da copa de Spondias mombin L. disperso em pastagens no assentamento Belo Horizonte I, São Domingos do Araguaia-PA
(Brazilian Journals Publicações de Periódicos e Editora Ltda, 2021-09) GUIMARÃES, Tatiane Pereira; MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; OLIVEIRA, Ilmaione Keisa de Souza; CASTRO, Albinei Araujo de; OLIVEIRA, Pâmela Dias de; COSTA, Karolinny Carneiro Guerra
The natural regeneration of tree species in pastures is of great importance for the diversification of the production system of family farmers, because it can be a sustainable alternative in the formation process of silvopastoral systems (SPS) of the type "dispersed trees in pasture". This study recorded the invasive tree species from under canopy the Spondias mombin L. and compared the richness and frequency of those species in open pastures. The work was carried out in a family farmers property the rural settlement "Belo Horizonte I", located in the municipality of São Domingos do Araguaia-PA. A pared design was used, with a 4m2 control plot in open pasture for each equally sized plot under the canopy of the yellow mombin. The taperebá canopy provided a microclimate favorable to natural regeneration of tree species: guava (Psidium guajava L.), bastard cedar (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamarck) and S. mombim. On open pasture area, outside the area of influence of canopy no tree species in young phase or seedlings were found. The maintenance of yellow mombin trees scattered in grazing areas is an appropriate strategy to accelerate the enrichment of natural vegetation in SPS.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A importância do Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (PDS) para a criação de novos assentamentos rurais na Amazônia: uma análise para Altamira no estado do Pará
(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, 2022) FARIAS, Monique Helen Cravo Soares; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SANTOS, Cleber Assis dos; BELTRÃO, Norma Ely Santos; SILVA JUNIOR, Monaldo Begot da
The rural settlements have become one of the main elements of rural areas in the Legal Ama zon, representing almost a third of used land and almost 74% of rural establishments. The State of Pará concentrates the largest number of settled families in the country, with more than 30% of its area covered by settlements. On the other hand, from a historical point of view, it has been one of the states that most deforests in the region. In the search for effective rural development, it is essential to think about feasi ble and viable productive alternatives that avoid the exodus of small farmers from rural areas, making it necessary to develop and make viable family farming in Pará. One of the practical manifestations of the association of agrarian reform to the environmental issue began with the creation of the settlement model called the Sustainable Development Project (PDS). Thus, the main objective of this article is to analyze the importance of the Sustainable Development Project (PDS) in the municipality of Altamira, Pará, with emphasis on the development of the Brasília PDS, verifying its effectiveness in reconciling productive activity and respect for the environment. The main conclusion is that in relation to PDS Brasília, there is a need for articulation between the actors involved – settlers, public authorities, non-governmental organizations –, which can make it possible to raise awareness of the new necessary production practices, as well as technical support. - financial compatible with the reality of this type of project, thus aiming at sustainable local development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de uso e ocupação do solo no assentamento Paulo Fonteles no distrito de Mosqueiro, Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022) MAGALHÃES, Társis Ney Castelo Branco Barros; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; SOARES, Daniel Araújo Sombra
The urbanization process without proper planning has contributed to an increase in the formation of peripheral areas and a decrease in people's quality of life, resulting in a series of socio-environmental problems. In this context, there is also the formation of short marketing circuits as marketing alternatives based on the logic of agroecology, as is the case of the Group for Agroecological Consumption (GRUCA). The objective of the work, therefore, was to analyze the use and occupation of the soil specifically in the location of the Settlement Paulo Fonteles, one of the main partners of GRUCA, during the years 2017 and 2018, through the use of geoprocessing techniques and environmental analysis. The methodology consisted of analyzing Landsat 8 images, OLI sensor, where 7 classes were defined: 1- Native Vegetation; 2- Secondary Vegetation; 3- Undergrowth; 4- Agriculture and Small Animal Breeding; 5- Exposed Soil; 6- Residential Area; 7- Hydrography. As a result, it can be stated that the use of geoprocessing techniques and environmental analysis are of paramount importance to follow the narratives and local scenarios. Concluding that even in a short period of time, it was possible to notice significant environmental changes in relation to the remaining area of native vegetation (legal reserve area greater than 80% in both years, decrease of 2% in arable areas) and soil exposed without significant changes, where it was possible to associate, in addition to the years analyzed (2017 and 2018) by the images, also to the current scenario (2022) observing the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) platform.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dados sobre a entrega dos paneiros cabanos GRUCA + Iacitatá, nos anos de 2020 e 2021
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2023) SOUZA, Gabriele Paula da Silva e; AQUINO, Tayná Portilho de; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; GONZAGA, Noel Bastos; VIANA, Raíssa Martins
In Brazil, the Covid-19 Pandemic has interfered in the dynamics of social, economic and political relations since the year 2020. From this perspective, this article seeks to elucidate facts and data about the commercialization activity of direct food sales groups on this Covid-19 Pandemic context. The GRUCA+Iacitatá network is made up of groups wich makes a notable contribution to agroecology in the state of Pará, northern Brazil and the eastern Amazon: the Grupo para Consumo Agroecológico (GRUCA), a responsible consumption group that makes political food consumption possible, a defender of movements fighting for land, and the Instituto Iacitatá de Cultura Alimentar, a food culture point that has a physical space in Belém-PA and that fights for the Human Right to Adequate Food (DHAA) and for the rights of traditional peoples and communities. The GRUCA+Iacitatá network operates in the Metropolitan Region of the municipality of Belém and covers farmers from several states in Brazil, in addition to the state of Pará. The research in question has a qualitative and quantitative character, with graphs prepared by the managers of GRUCA, and which expose data on the commercialization of Paneiros Cabanos GRUCA+Iacitatá in the years 2020 and 2021, showing that since March 2020 there has been a considerable growth in consumers and sales, and consequently represented an important source of income for farmers in the GRUCA+Iacitatá network, as well as explaining that GRUCA was fundamental in times of the Covid-19 Pandemic for the disposal of agroecological foods, avoiding the exposure of farmers to the Covid-19 virus.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ilhas de Belém - mapeando vulnerabilidades socioambientais: subsídios à Atenção Básica à Saúde
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2023) ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; ROCHA, Emílio Chaves; BARATA, Clícia Julie Batista; SOARES, Daniel Araújo Sombra
This article aims to contribute to the identification, mapping and analysis of spaces of socio environmental vulnerability in the insular area of the Municipality of Belém do Pará, in order to contribute to the elaboration of the map of the territory assigned to Primary Health Care, with a view to contributing to the policies and health actions to make service to the population operational and meaningful.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização da agricultura familiar na produção agropecuária paraense a partir do censo agropecuário de 2017
(Universidade da Amazônia, 2023) CORREA, Alan Tiago; FILGUEIRAS, Gisalda Carvalho; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; LOPES, Maria Lúcia Bahia
The study analyzed the participation of family producers in agricultural production in Pará. Because of this, the work is part of the following problem: How is family farming (PA) in Pará characterized and how has it contributed to rural development in the state of Pará? The methodology used was quali-quantitative, based on secondary data through database research, such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and specialized bibliography with regard to the theme AF. The results showed that agricultural production is strongly associated with family farming, which proved to be competitive even with producers of more intense agriculture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos sistemas de produção dos pequenos produtores com manejo de bacurizeiros nas mesorregiões nordeste paraense e Marajó
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06) RODRIGUES, Ercilene de Cássia de Cássia Ferreira; MENEZES, Antônio José Elias Amorim de; HOMMA, Alfredo Kingo Oyama; SILVA, Danielle Pantoja da; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
It analyzed the characteristics of the production systems of small farmers who have been developing the management of bacuri trees (Platonia insignis Mart.) in the Northeast of Pará and Marajó. The choice of the Mesoregions of the Northeast of Pará and Marajó was due to the information that they are producing areas that account for the largest supply of bacuri fruits in the state of Pará. To carry out the field survey, an intentional sampling was chosen, considering only small farmers who had bacurizaeiros in their establishments. A total of 77 questionnaires were applied among the 7 municipalities studied, 57 in the Northeastern Mesoregion of Pará and 20 in Marajó. From the socioeconomic survey carried out in the Mesoregions of the Northeast of Pará and Marajó, the most relevant data were analyzed that would allow the profile of farmers who carry out the management of bacuri trees and who carry out some type of fruit or pulp marketing to be generated. of bacuri. It is also concluded that the management of bacuri trees constitutes an important family strategy for the maintenance of families in the countryside and presents growth potential capable of meeting export demand, important for income generation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relações Estado-Sociedade e ações de governabilidade, governança e accountability como desafios contemporâneos à democracia no Brasil
(União Atlântica de Pesquisadores, 2022-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; COSTA, Guilherme da Rocha Bezerra; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
The main objective of this article isto discuss the State-Society relationship and governability, governance and accountability actions as contemporary challenges to Brazilian democracy. To achieve this objective, the article usedexploratory-qualitative research methodology. The main conclusion is that creating, disseminating and implementing improvements in the effectiveness of governability, governance and accountability strategies are essential for the maintenance of democracy and the strengthening developmentin Brazil. This is because the consolidation of democracy that achieves governability in Brazil must be thought of in direct connection with a true national project of development and reduction of socioeconomic inequalities. In fact, the democratic consolidation that achieves good governance and governance in Brazil, without deviations from planning or ideological rhetoric, permeates the need to improve its accountability. It is, therefore, a slow and gradual advance towards a more evolved society that is “aware” of what is important to improve democratically as a nation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise sobre crescimento populacional e transição demográfica: limites e divergências
(União Atlântica de Pesquisadores, 2022-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The main objective of this article is to understand why population growth is seen as a "threat" to environmental balance and to the well-being of the population. From a methodological point of view, the article used exploratory-qualitative research. That said, it was possible to conclude that the results achieved through the process of demographic transition in the world, as well as the population level achieved in the current scenario, indicate favoring the theory proposed by Ester Boserup in opposition to the theoretical assumptions of Thomas Robert Malthus. This is so, among other reasons, due to the drop in human mortality, which made possible a considerable populationincrease. In fact, Boserup's theory, in addition to constituting one of the great divergences from the Malthusian population growth theory, became important in attesting that population growth implies growth for the agricultural sector, culminating in an increase in food production, the which drives technological advancement through technical-productive improvement and “intensive cultivation”and, by itself,minimizes the impacts on natural resources and biodiversity by promoting sustainable land use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O significado do termo “geral” contido na obra máxima de John Maynard Keynes: uma abordagem teórica
(Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2021-06) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Grandes projetos e a relação com os recursos naturais na fronteira amazônica: os acordos de pesca como instrumentos moderadores de conflitos em Limoeiro do Ajuru
(Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Pará, 2021-06) RODRIGUES, Suzi Carolina Moraes; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SILVA, Fernanda Kelly Valente da
Since the 1960s, the Brazilian Amazon has suffered from several territorial transformations, an immediate result of the process of institutional integration and federalization by the military regime. The impacts caused by this development model, based on large enterprises, fell upon the social environment, directly affecting local populations and traditional peoples, as well as on the environment, by causing a series of irretrievable damage to the region's natural resources. The implementation and operation of these large projects on the frontier of the Brazilian Amazon, however, began to present a territorial dynamic marked by intense conflicts, particularly in the state of Pará. Fishing resources make up a considerable part of natural resources, which were considerably impaired by the large mining and hydroelectric projects, causing pollution of the water bodies, the silting of rivers and a decrease in fishing stocks, considered the main food-economic source of these traditional communities. It is in this perspective that the fisheries agreements emerged, acting as empowering instruments for the fishing communities and conflict moderators in the fishing territories. The fundamental objective of this article, therefore, is to understand how fisheries agreements may act in moderating conflicts over fishing resources, resulting from the implementation of large enterprises, seeking to assess the repercussions of this in the municipality of Limoeiro do Ajuru in the state of Pará. The main conclusion is that the fisheries agreements are capable of acting in the governance of the territory by strengthening a series of actions within the scope of sustainable management of fishing resources and local development in its social, economic and environmental aspects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A importância econômica do princípio da demanda efetiva em Keynes-Kalecki no âmbito da economia política
(Universidade de Passo Fundo, 2019-06) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
The purpose of this article is to rescue the conceptual proximity relationship between the principle of effective demand by John Maynard Keynes and the principle of effective de mand by Michal Kalecki. According to the PDE, economic agents determine the level of output and, therefore, employment when they make the decision to produce or invest in a monetary economy of capitalist production. To criticize Say’s Law and, thus, the founda tions of economic orthodoxy, Keynes and, later, Kalecki created a legacy through a new taxonomy, which gave political economy a different conceptual framework to criticize say’s law and, of course, the fundamentals pertaining to (neo) classical orthodoxy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expansion strategies and capitalist development on the frontier of Pará: an analysisof the 1966 “Operation Amazon”
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020) CARVALHO, André Cutrim
Between1966 and 1979, in an atmosphere of conflict, the frontier in thestate of Paráwas opened, through majoragricultural and developmental projects that were benefited by the institutionalization of “Operation Amazon”. The centralobjective of the article isto investigate the dynamics of the penetration, occupation and advance of capital in and around the territory of the frontiersinPará, the basis of which, as from the 1960s, was “Operation Amazon”. Thischoice of theme was madepossible in that there wasanapparent need to demonstrate the dynamics of expanding the frontier on capitalist bases. From a methodological viewpoint, the research was developed using a deductive approach, sinceit seeks to understand the historical foundations of the dynamics thatestablished and expanded the frontier in Pará on capitalist bases; and, also, the inductive method,because it was considered essential to understand the particular, yetpredominant,role of “Operation Amazon” within the context of capital development. In addition, the present work will make use of exploratory analysis and seek as much information as possible using the qualitative research technique.“Operation Amazon” demonstrated that the frontier is also a social relation of production, precisely because the structure of this society under construction -in a social, cultural and, particularly, economic perspective -across the territory in which it is expanding, despite suffering some resistance, is dominated by the logic of capital accumulation, as seen in the contemporary Brazilian Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental por meio do teatro de floresta: uma reflexão em torno das ações do instituto Amigos da Floresta Amazônica no município de Benevides no estado do Pará
(Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales S.L., 2020-12) MATTOS, Josiane da Silva Sousa; SILVA JÚNIOR, Antônio Rodrigues da; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
In Brazil, Environmental Education must be seen as an instrument of social (trans) formation, which makes it possible to understand the multiple contemporary complexities of the society-nature relationship and the (re) construction of new social, cultural values, knowledge and attitudes aimed at a symmetry with the environment. In the State of Pará, for about 18 years, the Friends of the Amazon Forest Institute (ASFLORA) has developed practical actions around Environmental Education in elementary and elementary schools in the municipality of Benevides, through a set of integrating activities, with highlight to the forest theater. That said, the general objective of this article is to analyze the actions in the field of environmental education carried out by ASFLORA Institute; in addition, the research intends to demonstrate how the theoretical approaches are configured and, of course, the methods of evaluation of these actions in order to contribute to their optimization. From a methodological point of view, the article assumes a mixed character of investigation, since it involves quantitative aspects by highlighting statistical data of the activities carried out and of students participating in the project; and qualitative, given the inquiries of pedagogical coordinators and teachers in relation to the activities of ASFLORA Institute. The main conclusion indicates that through a more critical Environmental Education, it becomes possible to overcome the paradigmatic “traps” in the most varied educational environments, whose intervention process on reality and its socio-environmental problems end up contributing to an active citizenship, having as main purpose the attempt to reverse the serious socio-environmental crisis that is underway.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A oferta de madeira em tora no Brasil e na Amazônia, período de 2000 a 2017
(Universidade Federal de Rondônia, 2019) CAIRES, Maria do Socorro de Lima; FILGUEIRAS, Gisalda Carvalho; MOTA JÚNIOR, Keppler João Assis da; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The work view the quantitative offer of wood logs in Amazôna and through theoretical basis on natural resources and extractive activities if a few considerations about the exauribilidade of this well over the years 2000. The method was the quantitative and qualitative, of to see the evolution of that product by simple exploitation and harmful to the environment, although there are environmental laws and how these try to curb harmful soil and simple exploration in the Amazon. The result showed that, in fact, the production of wood logs is descending and significant throughout the region,however, there are new methods of reforestation and funding, in addition to the supervision by the IBAMA to curb illegal extractions, although these persist.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Econometric models of inflation in brazil: structuralists, monetarists and rational expectations approachs, 1995-2017
(University of Santiago de Compostela, 2019) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
The present article seeks to demonstrate the evolution of the inflation rate in Brazil during the period between the era of President Vargas and the government of President Michel Temer, together with the determinants of inflation between 1995 and 2017. With the aid of structuralist, monetarist, and inertialist econometric models, we attempt to understand the factors that influenced the inflation rate during this period, based on the monetarist models of rational and adaptive expectations. Once the regressions have been completed, we reach certain conclusions on the statistical significance level of the model and whether its variables have the power to explain the inflation rates in Brazil during the period following the Real Plan. Finally, we conclude that there are reasons to reject the hypothesis that the trend variable is adequately formulated to capture the effect of financial innovations in the equation for the demand for money