As comunidades tradicionais, sua importância na conservação do manguezal do município de São João da Ponta - PA

Abstract

In the Amazon Peoples using the mangrove ecosystem to withdraw products for their livelihood are known as extractive, and if the same comply may be called Traditional Peoples. These people have a low impact lifestyle in relation to the environment and to preserve this way of life contribute to the maintenance and balance of this ecosystem. The mangrove soil is carbon storage location and the misuse of this soil makes whether this carbon is released into the atmosphere thus contributing to the greenhouse effect. Thus the Traditional Populations contribute an environmental service in global warming mitigation process. This study attempts to make the physicochemical characterization mangrove soil of São João da Ponta, in Deolândia Communities Brasilândia, Coconut and Headquarters, relating these characteristics with the way of life and the use of mangroves by the Traditional Peoples living in if environment and Sustainable Development Index of São João da Ponta (IDSM). The methodology used for the physicochemical characterization of the area was the use of pH meter for determining pH and Eh, the refractometer to determine the salinity and Walker Black method for the determination of carbon. The survey also used questionnaire in Deolândia and Brasilândia communities, in order to determine matters concerning the social part, there was also the calculation of the Municipality of Sustainable Development Index MARTINS using the formula; CANDID 2009. It was found that the areas within the RESEX in communities Deolândia, Brasilândia and coconut tree where the forest is preserved, the physical and chemical characteristics in the soil are preserved, unlike the area where there was deforestation. The calculation of the municipality of Sustainable Development Index (IDSM) was 0.548 which according to the methodology adopted prove acceptable. The application questionnaire within each community showed concern about the presence of untreated sewage, siltation of rivers arms and a practice of burning household waste at the end of the day. The conclusion shows that despite some environmentally inappropriate practices such as burning waste and removal of nearby riparian vegetation to rivers, Traditional Peoples have a low impact way of life in relation to the use of mangroves and that the existence of Resex the municipalitycontributes for soil conservation and mangrove forest.