Etnogêneses e cidadanização no Brasil: movimentos indígenas e educação para a cidadania no tempo presente (1964-2021)

Abstract

Indigenous peoples were not passive recipients of indigenous policies created by the Brazilian State in the second half of the 20th century. On the contrary, they were the protagonists of the struggle for equal rights, even when the context of political and social crisis that characterized the Civil-Military Regime, between the years 1964-1985, advanced on the future of the indigenous question through attempts at compulsory emancipation that put jeopardize the survival of different peoples. The objective of this thesis is to present an analysis that helps in the understanding of the strategies that dimensioned the articulations of subjects and ethnic groups in defense of their specificities and differences, contributing to the occurrence of political and social emergencies characterized by the phenomena of ethnogenesis, which inform aspects of indigenous citizenship under the terms established by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. It is also to verify how contemporary indigenous movements, through their agencies, based on exemplary initiatives, have appropriated civil representation associations and school education as instruments at the service of training for the exercise of full citizenship in the context of the struggle, still ongoing at the present time, for the guarantee and achievement of rights that consider the socio-historical specificities that inform multiculturalism in Brazil.