Dissertações em Economia Aplicada (Mestrado) - PPGEA/ICSA
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/17114
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Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Explorando o impacto do aumento do preço da gasolina sobre as despesas e receitas do Município de Belém(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-07) GOMES, Murilo Juliano Ferreira; FARIAS, Hilder Andre Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9699884561814969This work builds a data exploration framework to analyze the main effects of fuel contracts the public administration of Belém-PA, considering inflation and tax relief scenarios. Based on quantitative models and the VAR methodology, the study identifies the determinants of fuel prices in the region, providing a basis for applications in other areas and regions.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) “A Lei existe, mas é a gente que tem que se adaptar”: a percepção de trabalhadores com deficiência da UFPA sobre suas condições de trabalho com base na Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-25) BARROS, Alba Daniela Pereira de; SILVA, Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821The dissertation addresses the inclusion of people with disabilities in the formal labor market, focusing on the context of Belém, Pará. The author adopts a critical approach based on personal experiences, both as a researcher with a disability and through her interaction with her mother, who also has a physical disability. The study aims to identify the barriers and challenges faced by these individuals in accessing and maintaining employment, analyzing the landscape of inclusion in the formal labor market of the city and, more specifically, at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA). The research was conducted based on an analysis of quantitative data from the Annual Social Information Report (RAIS) for the period from 2007 to 2017, as well as interviews with employees with disabilities from UFPA. The dissertation is structured into three chapters that explore both the historical context and theoretical discussions on disability and inclusion. The dissertation concludes that without the intervention of public policies and the effective implementation of employment quotas, the number of people with disabilities formally employed would be even smaller. The research underscores the importance of representation of people with disabilities in social and political spaces, reinforcing the need for public policies that ensure not only access to employment but also the retention of these individuals in dignified and equitable conditions in the labor market.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Determinante associados à insegurança alimentar: panorâmica dos domicílios da região Norte brasileira(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-12) ANDRADE, Danilo Amorim de; MACIEL, Marinalva Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7097094334421162; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382This study's main objective is to evaluate factors that influence the food security of households in the Northern Region of Brazil through a logistic regression model, this model classifies the dependent variable by the linear combination of the independent variables through a link function called lógite. The work data comes from the Family Budget Survey – POF for the year 2017-2018 carried out by IBGE. Per capita disposable income was consistently identified as one of the most relevant factors in all states analyzed. With each increase in per capita income, there was a significant reduction in the chances of the household experiencing some degree of food insecurity. This data reinforces the importance of public policies aimed at generating income and reducing economic inequalities to improve the quality of life of vulnerable populations.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) O Financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde em um hospital universitário no Estado do Pará: análise do faturamento de contratualização(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-17) GUTERRES, Helder Luis da Silva; SOUZA, Armando Lírio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8782066216945002This study aims to analyze the billing behavior of highly complex procedures contracted between a University Hospital in the State of Pará and the Unified Health System. We also seek to determine the financial impact of hospital disallowances as it is understood that this is one of the difficulties encountered in hospital management. Regarding the methodology, this is an exploratory study with a descriptive focus and quantitative approach, divided into two phases: in the first, the contractualization instrument and its changes in contract amendments are analyzed; in the second, the evidence recorded in regulatory systems is presented and the SUS Contractualization Policy is extensively analyzed in order to construct a situational diagnosis of billing and hospital disallowances. Graphs, tables and analyzes are also used using summary measures (averages and dispersion) and analysis of relative frequencies and percentages. Finally, it is concluded by proposing a Product, that is, the creation of a teaching material project with guidelines regarding the topic studied to be applied continuously by professionals working in sectors involving financial activities in the HU, whose purpose is contribute to the dissemination of knowledge on this topic and, in this way, promote the training of those who carry out this financial role.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Uma análise sobre o patrimônio construído do ponto de vista dos aluguéis e usos comerciais da rua João Alfredo – Centro comercial de Belém - PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-13) COSTA, Fábio Lúcio de Souza; SILVA, Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821This Dissertation work, together with the Postgraduate Program in Applied Economics at UFPA, reflects on the economic dynamism that occurred, throughout the decades, from 1980 to 2010, in the historic and commercial center of the Capital of Pará, in terms of the behavior and socioeconomic impacts related to the variation in property rental values, due to several changes that have occurred over time, through constant alterations in the use of commercial activities and their impacts, in addition to that, this work brings an analysis of the changes that this space has undergone, specifically Rua João Alfredo, a street that has a huge history of transformations since the founding of the city of Belém. The dissertation's methodology was developed, through research and interviews with agents, directly linked to the study area and, the data collected, were catalogued, compared and analyzed, initially, in direct relation to the average rental values of m² and the minimum wage at the time, which demonstrated a drop, at the end of the last season (2010), around of 80.62%, when it was evaluated that at the beginning of the first decade, the average rent per square meter from the downtown area, it corresponded to 9.03% of the minimum wage and, at the end of the 2010s, it reached 1.75% of the minimum wage. However, a complementary comparison research was carried out, in the same study period, between João Alfredo Street (section – studied area) and adjacent areas, evaluating the behavior of rental values between these zones, which showed the same downward trend, corresponding to 54% at the end of the last decade of the study, in relation to the comparison zones. It is worth mentioning that the research work was based on newspaper classified ads in archives in the Centur newspaper library – Cultural and Tourist Center Tancredo Neves, as well as interviews with business leaders, property owners and lessors. It was noted that the economic dynamism in that area affected the valuation of properties and, consequently, the reduction in rental values, partly because to the migration of residential use to other areas and the commercial dynamics of modern commerce, very focused on lowerincome social classes, mainly, with growing informality, unlike in past times, signaling opportunities to work, in the future, on public policies aimed at attracting investments and revitalizing space with ordering and search reintroduction of residential use, along with commercial activities.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aplicação financeira e processos de controle de universidades federais(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-27) MENDES NETO, João de França; DIAS, Lidiane Nazaré da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4706661632242562This study aimed to propose the standardization of budget and financial management routines and the concomitant refinement of resource application control within the UFPA, through the development of a specific finance manual for Federal Universities. By analyzing the context of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), the study identified the need for a manual to standardize and improve budget and financial management routines, contributing to the optimization of public resources. The study focuses on the creation of a tailored finance guide for federal universities in digital format to assist administrators in managing resources in accordance with local public administration standards, along with legally mandated accountability. The research results highlight the relevance of the manual as a crucial tool to aid financial management in an environment marked by political and economic instability and the implementation of budget cuts and contingency measures. The manual contributes to promoting transparency and efficiency in public management and strengthens the accountability of those involved in the administrative process of available resources. Furthermore, the manual addresses essential topics such as fundamental concepts of public finance, relevant legislation, the main operations of SIAFI (Integrated Financial Administration System), budget consultations, GRU (Union Collection Guide) collection, and Treasury Management reports. It is expected that the use of the instruction guide, in conjunction with administrator training, will help improve financial administration in federal higher education institutions and promote efficiency in the use of public resources to meet the objectives of the academic institution in question. This investigation contributes to the field of Applied Economics by examining the financial administration of federal universities and presenting proposals to improve the use of available public resources. The manual produced is considered a tool to guide processes in the public sphere, encouraging transparency, accountability, and stimulating social participation in the oversight of these resources. The manual provides an opportunity to conduct research to provide information to managers and economists, and supports the formulation of strategies for the more efficient use of resources, contributing to the promotion of equity in higher education.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Economia solidária como estratégia política para o desenvolvimento regional: um estudo do Plano Estadual de Qualificação Social e Profissional do Pará (PQSP/PA) da SEASTER(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-09) COSTA, Everson Luís Moraes; FERNANDES, Danilo AraújoThis dissertation presents a reflection on the State Social and Professional Qualification Plan of Pará (PQSP/PA) of SEASTER, from 2016 to 2019, with the general objective of understanding the perspective of a solidarity economy as a political strategy for regional development, present in the aforementioned Flat. As specific objectives, we seek to present a conceptual discussion on solidarity economy; analyze the relationship between solidarity economy and regional development; reflect on solidarity economy policies in the institutional field, with an emphasis on entrepreneurship actions. The methodological direction of the study was bibliographic and documentary research, with a qualitative approach, using as theoretical reference authors such as Singer (2002), Sachs (1990), Silva (2006), Coelho (2006), Cattani (2003), among others, in line with the object of study of this work. As a result, we can draw inferences that the PQSP/PA was structured as a political strategy for regional development, and an important tool in promoting work, employment and income, focusing on social entrepreneurship actions based on the concept of a solidarity economy.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Informação pública sob a ótica do cidadão: uma avaliação da transparência ativa nos municípios paraenses à luz do relatório popular(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-20) MACEDO, Carlos André Araujo de; SOUSA, Allison Manoel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5391186543607099; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-5959-6078; DIAS, Lidiane Nazaré da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4706661632242562In the information age we live in today, transparency in public administration has become more vital than ever. Well-informed and engaged citizens are the foundation of a healthy democracy; access to quality public information is essential for them to perform their roles as overseers and active participants in government decisions that affect their lives. Citizen participation is necessary for the most efficient and effective economic decisions to promote an accurate allocation of resources, fostering trust in markets and thereby contributing to building a more prosperous future. This study explores the issue of active transparency in municipalities in the State of Pará, evaluating the quality of information provided in relation to an ideal model of citizen-oriented reporting - the Popular Report. Through the application of the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) model, along with the perspectives of Communication Theory and Disclosure Theory, we investigated the disclosure of information by municipalities in Pará in terms of active transparency, revealing a diverse scenario. We seek to contribute to the field of Applied Economics by offering data based on empirical evidence to guide the creation of public policies that encourage transparency and access to information. It was observed that real-time disclosure of municipal expenditures plays a key role in transparency. The findings support public managers and legislators by providing them with solid arguments to promote more efficient public communication adapted to the needs of citizens. The inclusion of the Popular Report in the monitoring structure of the Courts of Accounts is suggested as a way to promote greater institutional transparency. In this context, the study not only seeks to contribute to the dialogue on government transparency in Brazil, but also makes resources available to promote a municipal administration that is more accessible to citizens and participatory, in which the individual has an active role.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Presença digital de conselhos de saúde: o uso de mídias sociais no processo de accountability de entidades de representação social(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-03) PINHEIRO, Cristina Lais dos Santos; DIAS, Lidiane Nazaré da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4706661632242562This research analyzed how the use of social media by state health councils can improve the accountability process and increase citizen participation. To this end, it analyzed almost 10,000 posts on the social networks Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter) from 26 State Health Councils during the period from January 2019 to August 2023, covering the period before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed a substantial difference in the use of platforms between the different regions of Brazil, with councils in the South and Southeast regions standing out for their greater digital activity compared to those in the North and Northeast regions, which demonstrated a more discreet online presence, with fewer posts and interactions with the general public. A relevant finding of the study was the preference for the use of Facebook followed by Instagram among the health councils analyzed; on the other hand, X was the least used platform, indicating an underutilized opportunity for effective communication with society. The most common areas of publication in the posts of the state health councils were about the dissemination of the council's agenda, dissemination of the activities carried out by the council, and encouragement of public participation. On the other hand, little was published about accountability for the resources received for the council's activities, complaints, and full disclosure of reports and documents prepared by the council. The study concluded that social networks and other digital technologies play a fundamental role in strengthening transparency and promoting social responsibility and oversight by civil society. When used strategically, social networks can contribute significantly to increasing citizen participation and improving the visibility of the activities of the State Health Councils. The research results support the perceived accountability presented by Aleksovka; Schillemans and Grimmelikhuijsen (2019), who explain how people internalize responsibility through a moral and ethical sense of acting in favor of society. The research indicates that State Health Councils in Brazil have a great opportunity to use social media as a tool to promote accountability and engagement with citizens and society at large. However, it is essential to invest in training council members in digital skills and online communication to make the most of these platforms. It is also important to develop more efficient and personalized communication strategies for each region and specific target audience. The research highlights how social media can be used to foster transparency and encourage civic engagement in public administration – topics of extreme importance for Applied Economics with regard to the efficient allocation of public resources and the pursuit of social equity. By examining how councils operate online and how people engage with them digitally, the study contributes and impacts by presenting insights for policy makers and administrators seeking to improve the use of resources and promote justice in the health area. The findings of this research can help in the creation of strategies and public policies that aim to strengthen local governments and promote more active community participation in social development, contributing to a more efficient, transparent and democratic health system.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise dos efeitos de algumas atividades do setor da agropecuária ligados à bioeconomia, sobre a economia paraense: uma abordagem de insumo produto(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-26) MOREIRA, Maria Glaucia Pacheco; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639This study aimed to analyze the effects of certain activities in the agropecuary sector related to bioeconomy on the economy of Pará, using the Input-Output Matrix. The sources of information included the Table of Resources and Uses of Pará 2017, the microdata from the Regional Accounts System, and data from the Agricultural Census. The methodology followed the procedures of the National Accounts System, utilizing the tables of resources and uses and the input-output matrix, applying the Leontief Model. However, some adaptations of the conventional methodology were necessary to obtain results within a perspective attributed to a bioecological bioeconomy. To estimate the value of this bioeconomy, the TRU was reorganized by selecting certain activities and products related to bioeconomy, with the main selection criteria being products that are, in some way, associated with the concepts of a sociobiodiversity bioeconomy and that do not tend toward monoculture, soil degradation, or the process of homogenization, such as commodity production. After defining the activities, the product and activity coefficients were calculated to be used in the disaggregation of TRU Pará 2017, aiming to highlight the valuation of these activities. Subsequently, the Leontief matrix was constructed, involving intersectoral relationships of the sector, which supported the analysis of the degree of integration of this bioeconomy with other sectors of the economy of Pará. The results obtained show that, in 2017, the GDP of the activities selected in the study attributed to bioeconomy was R$ 8,363 million, corresponding to 5.4% of the GDP of Pará (R$ 155,195 million). Considering only the activities attributed to bioeconomy, the key sectors with high backward linkage values were: Forestry (1.150) and the extraction of rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.055). The activities that were close to one, meaning they are significant demanders of other sectors, were: Fishing and aquaculture (0.957); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (0.941); Food (0.932); and Honey (0.913). Forward, the highlighted activities were: Açaí (1.007); Milk (1.006); Cassava (1.001); and Other temporary crop products (1.007). In terms of multipliers, Forestry presented the highest product multiplier (1.41), followed by the activities of: Rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.29); Fishing and aquaculture (1.17); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (1.15); and Food (1.14). Among the employment multipliers, the highlights were: Forestry (1.21); Other temporary crop products (1.10); Rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.09); and Honey (1.06). For income multipliers, the highest indices were: Forestry (3.38); Rubber, fibers, and tannins (2.20); Fishing and aquaculture (1.66); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (1.47); and Food from plant extraction, except açaí (1.42). The results demonstrate the importance of bioeconomy, even considering only some aspects, and provide public management with information and techniques for measuring the impacts of sustainable development policies through the promotion of bioeconomy activities.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Economia social e solidária: mapeamento dos empreendimentos solidários eficientes nos municípios paraenses(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-17) OLIVEIRA, Celso Pereira de; SILVA, Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382This dissertation aims to study the efficiency of Social Enterprises (SEs) present in the municipalities of Pará, according to the most recent studies and mappings produced in the country in 2013 and published in 2014, extracted from the National System of Solidarity Economy (SIES). The starting point of this research work is the following question: how to measure the efficiency of social enterprises present in the state of Pará only with data existing prior to 2013? The importance of this study lies in the possibility of a greater understanding of the Solidarity Economy in the Amazon, specifically in the state of Pará, from a conceptual approach of the social enterprises of Pará. The study seeks to measure the number of efficient and inefficient social enterprises that are dedicated to predominantly collective activities in the region of Pará. There is still no appropriate legal and institutional framework in Brazil to define solidarity-based economic enterprises according to their reality, and today there are still strong debates about their origin, which means that they need to be better understood both in terms of their format and nature. For this investigation, an efficiency model known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was adopted, through descriptive statistical procedures, which consist of a scientific method used to solve a problem. Thus, we will make frequent use of the data collected, in the form of statistics, from which the results of all the indexes collected for the proposed study will be presented systematically. As a result, it was possible to observe that social enterprises do not resemble traditional cooperativism, called third sector. However, the Solidarity Economy, through the ES, has been opposing the legal forms of the so-called Brazilian associativism and cooperativism. Throughout their existence, these social entities seek institutional recognition, in their design as a social organism, towards a space of recognition of their socioeconomic activities.