Planejamento urbano para prevenção de alagamentos e inundações em bacias urbanas: a Bacia Hidrográfica da Estrada Nova, Belém-PA

Abstract

This work aimed to study and analyze the management of urban watersheds, specifically the Estrada Nova Watershed (BHEN), highlighting the factors that affect the occurrence of injuries or natural risks that, associated with the process of use and occupation of urban land, compromise the environmental and life quality of the population that occupies this space. To this end, bibliographical and documentary research was carried out on the territorial, demographic and environmental aspects of the BHEN, and together with the empirical research, thematic maps were prepared on drainage, slope and elevation of the area. BHEN coexists with populous peripheral neighborhoods, with poor urban infrastructure and sanitary problems that killed residents. The BHEN subnormal agglomerations are subject to flooding at some points, due to the drainage system, slope and soil exit, as verified in the prepared maps. The works in this basin are composed of a tab of different actions, from different institutions and funding bodies, executors and inspectors of works and projects, in addition to a showcase of the public policy agenda for many years. It was concluded that the occupation and urbanization of the territory of BHEN occurred in a disorderly manner, causing several socio-environmental problems caused by the residents themselves and by the low performance of the Public Power, generated in points of flooding and flooding due to the characteristics of the drainage network, relief, hypsometry , rainfall and tidal influence, associated with grounding, improper disposal of waste, obsolete drainage system, deficient and without maintenance. The BHEN macrodrainage project itself did not consider the natural dynamics of the basin and the geoenvironmental aspects, accepting the socioeconomic conditions of the local residents; and the few improvements made to the system do not reflect the efficiency of the project.