Capitalismo de desastre e os desastres do capitalismo: impactos socioespaciais e atuação do sistema de justiça no município de Barcarena/PA

Abstract

This thesis argues that disaster capitalism is a strategy of spatial fix and accumulation by dispossession of capital in the municipality of Barcarena, in the state of Pará, and is integrated into the process of capitalist production of space locally, being the result of processes intrinsic to the capital-nature contradiction mediated by the neoliberal State and its legal instrumentalization (which is applied, particularly, in the post-disaster period), in a scenario in which resistance strategies of Amazonians affected by this phenomenon emerge and are impacted by this institutional action. In this sense, anchored in a qualitative, materialist and dialectical approach, using, particularly, techniques of bibliographic review and documental sources, it is analyzed the expression, on the local way of life, of disaster capitalism. Based on the selection of three significant disaster episodes (leaks of kaolin tailings by the company Imerys Rio Capim Caulim S.A., in 2007 and 2014; bauxite tailings spill by the company Alunorte, in 2009; and the sinking of the ship Haidar, in 2015), which had different outcomes in the justice system, such as execution of Conduct Adjustment Terms (TACs), criminal action with a conviction on the merits and judicially approved agrément, it was possible to conclude that, in the context of disaster capitalism, legal instruments, originally designed to guarantee fundamental rights and fulfill preventive, pedagogical and restorative functions in the post-disaster period, can operate as an internal barrier to capital, by partially regulating the disaster scenario, but their use can reinforce the phenomenon of disaster capitalism locally.