Situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e ambiental como fator de incidência das doenças tropicais negligenciadas no município de São Domingos do Capim-PA

Abstract

In Pará, new acute cases of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) have been increasingly reported, which is why epidemiological surveillance services are increasingly on alert. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the incidence of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in the municipality of São Domingos do Capim – Pará, with emphasis on Chagas Disease and American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis. To this end, a documentary, descriptive and exploratory study was carried out based on the collection of data on cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease between the period 2015 and 2022. The epidemiological data were obtained from the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), originating from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). As for cases of Leishmaniasis, 23,763 cases of ATL were reported in the state of Pará and 2,727 cases of VL. The epidemiological profile of ATL cases was predominant in males (n= 12; 75%), aged between 35 and 49 years, who only had incomplete primary education, who declared themselves to be of mixed race and in people whose occupation was multipurpose agricultural producer, while in LV this profile was predominantly male, age group < 10 years, education level without information, mixed race and who studies as an occupation. We evidenced a higher number of CD cases in 2017, both in the state of Pará and in the municipality of São Domingos do Capim. The total number of cases referred to the Sagrada Família and Rua Marcílio Dias communities as being most responsible for CD notifications in the municipality studied. Furthermore, we observed a greater predisposition of cases in males, ages 20 to 34, mixed race and students. Regarding spatial analysis, a heterogeneous distribution is observed, with a greater concentration of cases mainly in the center-north of the municipality. Therefore, the high occurrence of neglected diseases in regions of high socio-environmental vulnerability reinforces the importance of public investments to carry out viable and effective projects that offer constant basic sanitation services, drinking water and health education for this population.