Uso do algoritmo Sebal na estimativa da evapotranspiração em um pomar de mangas no Nordeste paraense: uma abordagem socioambiental

Abstract

Changes in land use and land cover such as conversion of forests to pastures or urban expansion alter the components of the radiation balance, as well as the flow of heat and evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiration is one of the most important components of the hydrological cycle and climate balance, especially in urban areas. The estimation of this variable is essential for the management of water resources in a region, as well as the productivity of a crop, especially those that face water scarcity. In this sense, this work aimed to estimate the real daily evapotranspiration (ETr) of the mango orchard and its underlying areas for the years 2015, 2017 and 2020 in the village of Cuiarana, in the municipality of Salinópolis do Nordeste Paraense. Using this algorithm, maps of statistical parameters were generated, calculated for the different land use covers. The results obtained from ETr were compared with the values obtained by the FAO-Penman-Monteith method and the Bowen Ratio, through their statistical errors. The highest mean values of ETr were obtained for the image 08/02/2015, with an average of 4.805 mm/day, with the mango orchard area being one of the main contributors to this result, as well as the mangrove area. When compared with other reference methods, the values estimated by SEBAL were consistent with the literature, with its temporal variation being strongly affected by the El Niño phenomenon. Thus, the SEBAL algorithm has the potential to be assimilated in the process of managing water resources in the region, as well as in crop management.