Dissertações em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (Mestrado) - PPGTPC/NTPC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2333

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 1987 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento (PPGTPC), que integra o Núcleo de Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento(NTPC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Adesão ao tratamento em adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1: dois estudos de caso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-01) SILVA, Ingrid Ferreira Soares da; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) is a chronic degenerative disease of major impact on the quality of life of children and adolescents. The DM1 affects predominantly children and young adults under 30 years of age with peak incidence from 10 to 14 years of age. As a chronic disease it involves changes in daily habits, and rule following becomes a key behavior to achieve such changes. This study aimed to examine factors that influenced the behavior of following the rules prescribed for the treatment of adolescents diagnosed with DM1. These rules relate specifically to the measurement of the blood glucose, the usage of the diet plan in choosing the menu and the application of insulin. The study included two adolescents aged 14 and 17 years, diagnosed with DM1, which had difficulties in controlling the disease according to medical evaluation. Also included as participants of this study were those responsible for each adolescent. The following survey instruments were used: 1) Set of interviews with the parents; 2) Inventory of parenting styles; 3) Questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life of adolescents with DM1; 4) Set of interviews with the adolescents; 5) Diabetes social support questionnaire – family version; and 6) Self monitoring forms for Treatment Compliance Behavior. The data collection was performed in the households of the adolescents. The procedure involved the following steps: 1) Selection of participants; 2) Individual interviews with the parents/guardians; 3) Individual interviews with the adolescents, including applications for inventory on their support network, characterization of the baseline behavior of measuring blood glucose, tracking diet plan, and insulin administration, interviews with positive feedback, and final interview. The results from the analysis of compliance behaviors and from the environmental factors reported by each participant throughout the research identified that the participant which emitted compliance behaviors appropriately had a good quality of life, a good level of knowledge about DM1, his parents owned a positive parenting style, perceived support provided by family, besides having a social condition satisfactory to meet the needs of the family. But the participant with a low compliance, although demonstrating a good quality of life, his parents were using a lot of negative practices, despite their parenting style being also positive, the family support perceived by the participant was inconsistent and his social status was insufficient to provide all the tools necessary for his treatment compliance. Thus, it was possible to analyze the factors that influence compliance to treatment, however further research should be conducted using a larger number of participants and also have a longitudinal character, with long-term monitoring to verify the effect of the variables described in the research along the lives of the participants.
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Adoção de crianças e adolescentes com necessidades especiais: aspectos psicossociais envolvidos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-06) SILVA, Fabíola Helena Oliveira Brandão da; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This study aimed to understand and describe the psychosocial aspects of adoption of children and adolescents with special needs since the creation of the National Register of Adoption (NRA), in April 2008. Thus, we set out goals that motivated the development of the three constituents of the dissertation studies. The first described the social and family demographic characteristics of applicants for adoption to parents of children with and without typical development. Furthermore, drew a profile of children and adolescents considered suitable for adoption, enrolled in CNA. The second study aimed to investigate risk factors and protective for the development of three adopted children with special needs, analyzing common and unique aspects of their life histories, since the psychosocial condition of the biological parents to the process of entering and living in the family replacement. The third involved three families who have adopted children with special needs, who had prior knowledge of this infantile condition, in order to describe the familiar routines. From the results obtained by the three studies was possible to know the sociodemographic characteristics and aspects of structure and family dynamics that mark in general, and in particular in the cases studied, the demands generated by children with special needs and how applicants and parents by adoption have undertaken to answer them. We conclude that both candidates to the adoption of children with special needs, as their adoptive parents appeared to favor the fulfillment of children's demands, especially family life provide these children in vulnerable.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adoção tardia de gêmeos: estudo de caso de uma família adotante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-06) OLIVEIRA, Márcia Luzia Silva de; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The research describes the transition from conjugality for adoptive parenthood of twins, at the age of three and half years. Based on the structural theory of systemic aimed to analyze the relationship of a couple age 50-63 years old, so, identify the reasons, routines and changes after adoption. It was used as instruments Semi-structured Interviews, Genogram Interviews, Routine Inventory and Daily Field. From the reports were taken two axis: “The couple: characteristics and performance” and “The adoptive family: couple and routine care of the twins.” The main results indicate that since the beginning of the relationship, the couple already experiencing several transitions. It appears that after the adoption, the role of parenting creates a period of conflict, crisis, difficulty in orienting, educating, establishing rules and limits children who lived institutionalized since seven months. It can be seen in the role of wife overload in child care, the family has the support of a cooperating in housework and childcare. In addition, the couple faces some prejudices of society in general, and those closest to the decision to adopt older children. It is noteworthy that need psychological support families adopters during and after late adoption process and the importance of longitudinal study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adultos e adolescentes autores de agressão sexual: características biopsicossociais e suas percepções sobre infância, adolescência e violência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-10) SILVEIRA, Víviam da Silva; REIS, Daniela Castro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8805305887566391; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-4516; CALVACANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-0651
Sexual violence encompasses all societies, and manifests itself in different ways in their different contexts. This phenomenon is present throughout the life trajectory of many children and adolescents, whether as victims or perpetrators of sexual aggression. With the purpose of investigating this phenomenon, this dissertation presents a research with an empirical-descriptive design and quantitative-qualitative data analysis. The research sought to investigate the perceptions of adults (+ 18 years old) and adolescents (12 to 18 years old) perpetrators of sexual aggression against children and adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence, relating them to the biopsychosocial characteristics that define the two age groups involved in the research. Therefore, two studies with similar methodological characteristics were carried out, thematically interconnected, but with individuals from two different age groups. Study I sought to investigate the relationship between perceptions of adult perpetrators of sexual assault against children and adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence and the biopsychosocial characteristics of this age group (+ 18 years), which includes men sentenced for crimes of sexual violence in units prisons. Ten (N=10) interviews conducted and transcribed between 2015 and 2016 were selected for content analysis by the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) with the support of the Iramuteq Software. The results showed that 90% of these adults were over 30 years old; as for education, 50% did not complete elementary school; 10% attended incomplete high school and 30% managed to complete high school, of these participants only 10% had access to incomplete higher education. All participants experienced situations of violence throughout their life trajectories, and regarding the degree of severity of the sexual assault committed, 40% of the authors assumed the practice with hands on; 40% did not assume such aggression, and 20% of these declared that they do not remember the act for which they are serving their sentence. The perception of these adults about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence appears directly linked to the experiences of these participants in the different stages of their development, in addition to not disassociating this form of aggression from the use of physical force. Study II aimed to investigate the relationship between the perceptions of adolescents who perpetrate sexual aggression against children and adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence and the biopsychosocial characteristics of this age group (12 to 18 years old), which brings together adolescents who respond in court for an analogous offense to the rape of a vulnerable person and who were in compliance with a socio-educational measure. Four (N=4) participants were reached for content analysis of the interviews transcribed through the CHD of Iramuteq. The results showed that the adolescents were over 15 years old. In terms of education, 2 (50%) had not completed elementary school, 1 (25%) had not completed high school, and 1 (25%) had not completed this information. As for the violence suffered, it was observed that all participants experienced situations of violence. With regard to the degree of severity of the act performed, none of the participants assumed their practice in hands on. The perception of these adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence appears as a reflection of the construction of these categories throughout the life trajectory of these individuals, highlighting sexual violence linked to the use of physical force. Therefore, through the two studies, the hypothesis that there is a greater number of similarities than differences in the reports of these individuals (adults and adolescents) about the perceptions of sexual violence was taken into account. It is possible to point out the relationship between the biopsychosocial characteristics of the two age groups of perpetrators of sexual aggression, and particular ways of dealing with the experiences present in their life trajectories. It is possible to affirm that adolescent and adult authors, despite being in different groups, were probably socialized in very similar cultural and belief systems, which can influence and direct the construction of perceptions that are close to each other. However, adult authors tend to refer to violence as separate chapters in their life trajectory, and in the opposite direction, adolescents tend to show a direct relationship between sexual violence and issues experienced during their previous stages of development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise comparativa da ansiedade relatada em surdos e ouvintes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-01) COSTA, Edilane Lourenço da; GOUVEIA JR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274
The group of deaf people in Brazil is considered significant. Deafness can lead to emotional disorders, among them anxiety. Thus, the aim of this study was to measure anxiety reported among deaf and hearing people, with application of the Visual Analogue Mood Scale (VAMS) standard and adapted to Brazilian sign language. The sample consisted of 62 participants were divided into hearing group (n = 31) and deaf group (n = 31) mean age of 31 (±7.53) and 31 (±7.69) years, respectively, of both sexes, paired for age, sex, income and education level . The application of VAMS were individually and data were analyzed for factors: anxiety, physical sedation, mental sedation, other feelings and the total index scale. The data was preceded by the application of the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) and equal variance test. For data that obeyed these tests, we used the Student t test to compare the factors of VAMS; between groups, between male and female, within groups and between groups; at different income levels, within the groups and between groups; in different years of study, within groups and between groups. When it was not possible to satisfy the criteria of normality and homogeneity of variance test was used non-parametric Mann-Whitney (U). It was adopted a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. We analyzed the correlation in the variables, income, education level and age with each of the scale factors, in the hearing group and the deaf group. The results showed statistically significant difference between groups in the index of physical sedation, being lower in deaf than in the hearing group. In the analysis between groups, hearing and deaf, distributed by sex, was expressed statistically significant in the factor other feelings, being higher in the deaf, both females and males in relation to the male hearing group. In the variables income and education level were statistically significant differences in the components of VAMS, anxiety, mental sedation and physical sedation, between and within groups. In the correlation analysis, the hearing group, positive correlation was found in the variable income and education level versus physical sedation and positive correlation in the variable age versus anxiety. In the deaf group was a positive correlation in the variable age versus physical sedation. We conclude that the use of scales to assess anxiety is important and valuable for field research, and VAMS adapted to Brazilian sign language was sensitive to evaluate anxiety in deaf, it facilitates the inclusion diagnosis of this specific population, which is sometimes sub diagnosed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da escolha individual na distribuição livre ideal: comparando diferenças e razões
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-13) SILVA, Thaís Tavares da; TONNEAU, François Jacques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2917023797307669
Optimal foraging theory, as a way of understanding foraging behavior, provides a foundation for the Ideal free distribution theory, which seeks to explain the choices of subjects under the condition of group competition. However, although many experiments have been performed to assess the Ideal Free Distribution (IFD), deviations have been observed in relation to the predictions of the IFD, both in other species and in humans. Sokolowski et al. (1999) have proposed an explanation for such deviations in terms of equalizing differences (nG-WG)-(nRWR) instead of ratios (WG/nG-WR/nR). Here we proposed an experiment in which individuals conducted their choices with a software that simulated the choices of subjects in a group. The software was developed in order to clarify the role of respective equations (ratioor difference-based) or choices strategies, fitting the data with a sigmoidal function. The dependent variable was the choice of every subject while being presented with artificial situations. The results showed that subjects performed their choices under the control of the two strategies, as well as others. This study brings relevant contributions to the study of individual choices, in addition to providing data that deserve to be analysed in more detail by future research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do efeito de histórias experimentais e de consequências relatadas na regra sobre o comportamento de seguir regras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-17) CARVALHO, Nayra Cristine Alves de; PARACAMPO, Carla Cristina Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9018003546303132
The present study aimed to compare the effects of the presentation of a rule that specifies small and immediate reinforce, with a rule that specifies large and delayed reinforce, manipulating the order of presentation of these rules, their presentation form (isolated or concurrently), the form of distribution of points obtained in the study and the time interval to exchange these points for money. 32 undergraduate participated in the research, divided equally into two experiments that differed only by the form of distribution of points earned and the time interval to exchange these points for money. Each experiment consisted of four conditions. It was used a matching-to-sample procedure; the task consisted in pointing to each one of the comparison stimuli in a given sequence. In both experiments, the Conditions 1 and 3 consisted of four experimental sessions. In Sessions 1 and 3, rules were presented separately and at the Sessions 2 and 4 concurrently. The Conditions 2 and 4 were composed of three sessions. In Sessions 1 and 3, rules were presented concurrently and in Session 2 separately. The order of presentation of the rules was manipulated in each condition. In Condition 1 the order of presentation was - RI / RIRA / RI / RIRA, in Condition 2 - RIRA / RI / RIRA, in Condition 3 - RA / RARI / RA / RARI and in Condition 4 - RARI / RA / RARI. In Experiment I, the delay was limited to distribution points during the session, following the rule RI produced points during the sessions and following the rule RA produced points only at the end of the session, the exchange points for money was at the end of research. In Experiment II, following RI and RA produced points during the sessions, but the exchange points for money for following RI would occur at the end of the research and for following RA, the exchange would occur a week later. In Experiment I , 15 of the 16 participants and in Experiment II 13 of the 16 participants followed the rule RA, independent of a prior history of reinforcement for following the rule RI and independently of the rule RI producing points immediately, exchanged for money at the end of research. The results of both experiments indicate that the control by the rule that described consequences of greater magnitude, but delayed (RA), prevailed over the control by the rule that described consequences of smaller magnitude, but immediate (IR), even when the exchange points obtained in the sessions for money was postponed for a week. These results suggest that the probability of occur following rules may depend, in part, on the type of consequence related in the rule, namely, of the formal properties of the rule, and not exclusively for reinforcement history for rulefollowing Behavior.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Analise paramétrica do comportamento do zebrafish no labirinto em cruz com rampa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-20) MOTTA, Carla Mendes da; JUNIOR, Amauri Gouveia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274
Animal models have been a useful tool in the study and treatment of anxiety. Parametric studies are important to ensure these models validity since they help to identify witch parameters of the model are relevant to produce anxiety-like behaviors. The Plus-maze with Ramp is an anxiety model for fishes, adapted from the Elevated Plus-maze with Ramp. The present study consists of a parametric analysis of the zebrafish’s response in the Plus-Maze with Ramp, evaluating the effects of sex, ramp inclination, light level and arms width. Results showed that, regardless of any manipulation in the evaluated parameters, the animals preferred the flat arms instead of arms with ramp, that the light level of 700 lux increased the animal’s general exploratory behavior and that the ramp inclination of 34,43º increased the total number of entries in the flat arms. The plusmaze with Ramp seems to be a valid model for the study of anxiety in fish and the standard measures of the apparatus seems adequate.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aprendizagem observacional em crianças com autismo: efeitos do ensino de respostas de monitoramento via videomodelação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-07-22) BRASILIENSE, Izabel Cristina da Silva; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
Has been pointed that video-modeling seems to promote the observational learning in individuals with Autism, included verbal repertories. However individuals with Autism often exhibit difficulty to learn by observing the actions of others. One method to provide observational learning it is previous training of monitoring pair’s actions. Nevertheless, monitoring training studies has been accomplished in-vivo pairs, making them more expensive and committing experimental control. This study investigated the possibility of establishing monitoring response via video-modeling. Furthermore, investigated if observational learning of tacts and textual could emerge by acquisition of monitoring repertory. Two children with autism participated. Observational learning tests via video-modeling were performed. Then the tact monitoring training via videomodeling was implemented in three steps: (1) teaching of monitoring behavior; (2) attempt to the model’s responses and (3) attempt to the model’s response consequence, not knowing the objects’ tacts. Afterwards, tests for tacts and textual were conducted via video-modeling. Two children acquire monitoring repertory in four sessions, indicating that monitoring training via video-modeling can be an effective and economic alternative for monitoring training. The acquisition of monitoring repertory beneficed the acquisition of tact and textual via observational learning for one of the participants. It is discussed the potential effects of video-modeling to train precurrent behaviors necessary for observational learning and the necessity of continuing researchxii in this area for better comprehension of variables that influence the acquisition of observational learning.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aprendizagem por exclusão: análise de um procedimento de ensino em crianças diagnosticadas com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-22) OLIVEIRA, Thayline; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Behavioral analysts have developed a number of methodologies, especially from the stimulus equivalence paradigm, to investigate reading skills in children with learning disabilities. However, few studies involving exclusion have proposed to investigate reading teaching in individuals with atypical development. When it comes to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), study has not been identified in the literature. Therefore, this research aims to investigate whether the exclusion procedure combined to CRMTS is effective to establish arbitrary relationships between figures and printed words for children with ASD; if the naming of printed words emerges after training; and finally, if the reading of new words occurs. The data indicate that the training involving the exclusion and CRMTS procedures were effective to establish arbitrary relations between figures and printed words with little exposure to errors and to generate the reading of the dissyllable words in the naming tests. However, the procedure was not sufficient to emerge the recombinative reading of the new words.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
As atividades de vida diária de crianças em situação de acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-04) VASCONCELOS, Thamires Bezerra de; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
This research aimed to analyze the activities of daily living (ADLs) of children in situations of institutional care, discussing the importance of systematic evaluation of this type of activity and the critical role that caregivers may have in gaining greater autonomy in personal care and the acquisition of various skills. Comprising two interlinked studies in the first part (study I) provides a characterization of scientific literature on the assessment of activities of daily living in different contexts, covering research methods and instruments used for this purpose. The observed results showed a prevalence of use of standardized assessment instruments, and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), most often found in the literature reviewed. Despite these developments in evaluation methods, there was little or no attention to the contexts of ADL performance, placing greater emphasis on the characteristics of the person, as the presence of limiting pathologies. In this direction, the second study presents a description of the levels of assistance provided by the ADL that involve educators, specifically, children who live in a host institution and incentive strategies used by caregivers dealing with their routines for each able to perform them in the most autonomous and efficient way possible. This description used categories inspired in part II of the PEDI, the Caregiver Assistance. The results showed a higher level of assistance in activities of hygiene and clothing compared to data obtained in feeding activities. Is attributed these findings to routine institutional and personal traits of the participants involved. We conclude that, in the institutional context, the highest level of service observed may have a different meaning than would be expected in a family environment. This higher level of attention and support checked could mean, on the one hand, more educators moments of interaction with the child, this can be a positive aspect in an environment that tends to be marked by the treatment depersonalized and rigid routines. And another, less opportunity for the child to develop from a greater degree of autonomy in ADL, which may have negative implications for the course of development. The importance of assessing ecological and cast a glance to the daily activities of children in residential institutions makes this research is located in order to contribute to a better understanding of the development in this specific context, since it, often have their first experiences of self-care. The results can guide and reflections indicated the formation of programs to optimize resources and opportunities present in the routines of self-care in this environment of institutional care.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Autoeficácia e Percepção de Mães e Avós de Crianças com Caracteríscticas do TDAH
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-09) DOURADO, Carolina Morais; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
This dissertation aimed to investigate the perception of mothers and grandmothers of children with characteristics of ADHD regarding their parental self efficacy and general self - efficacy and also the perception they present about the characteristics of their children. Its structure consists of two interdependent studies. The collection environment for both studies was the Center for Health Care of Women and Children (CASMUC-UFPA). In the first, the objective was to investigate the perception of self-efficacy of caregivers of children with ADHD characteristics, considering the subtype of the disorder and the children's total intelligence quotient. Twenty-four caregivers older than 18 years participated; self-reported as primary caregiver for children aged 6 to 12 years. The exploratory interview protocol was used; Parental Self efficacy scale; EAEG; SNAP IV; Wisc IV. The data from this study showed that the caregivers presented lower values of parental self-efficacy and self-efficacy related to general aspects of life. The lowest levels were linked to ADHD cases of the combined subtype. From the application of Wisc IV, it was observed that in both groups of caregivers, with low and high parental self-efficacy, the children presented Total Intelligence Quotient below the expected average for the age group. In the second study, the objective was to describe the perception of mothers and grandmothers about the characteristics of the child with traits of ADHD, as well as the relationship that these caregivers have with them and the perception about the role of being a caregiver. Participants were six mothers / grandmothers of children between 6 and 12 years old. The instruments and techniques used were an exploratory interview protocol and a focus group interview. Data were analyzed via SPSS- (version 20.0) and content analysis. The qualitative analysis of the data revealed in the discourse of the parents the following categories: 1) Perception of the first difficulties; 2) Perception about the child (positive perception and negative perception of behavior); 3) Perception about the parental partner (Collaborative Perception and Non-Collaborative Perception); 4) Perception of third parties about the child; 5) Assistance services; 6) Risk factors (social risks and spirituality); 7) Protection factors (Spirituality and Availability for care). It is hoped that the data presented in both studies will contribute to the investigation of the mental health of caregivers of children with mental disorders and will provide the basis for the creation of public policies that intervene in the psychological well-being of caregivers and children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Autores de agressão sexual de crianças e adolescentes: experiências adversas na infância e fatores associados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-01-26) FERRAZ, Maíra de Maria Pires; VELOSO, Milene Maria Xavier; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6105598873866312; CALVACANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-0651
Studies that identify the different profiles of sex offenders against children and adolescents have been more explored in the literature, however, the investigation of their life trajectory remains less observed in the Brazilian population, mainly from the perspective of Bioecological Theory of Human Development. This study aimed to demonstrate possible relationships between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and personal and situational factors in the bioecology of the development of male sex offenders against children and adolescentes (n = 30), who were serving time in prison units located in the mesoregions of the state of Pará. To this aim, a system of categories was built based on the ACE-IQ Test instrument, which defines ACE as potentially traumatic experiences that become a source of chronic stress, with negative outcomes for development at later ages. The results were analyzed from two different stages: the first, quantitative, where the descriptors of the occurrence, frequency and typology of ACE were identified, and a second, quanti-qualitative, in which excerpts from the interviews with sex offenders were inserted into the Software IRAMUTEQ to perform simple and multivariate textual analysis. In this sample, 96.67% of sex offenders reported having experienced at least one subcategory of ACE, while more than half (60%) revealed four or more, with an average of 4.36. Physical abuse was the most reported ACE (70%), being mainly related to the figure of the mother, while the death and/or divorce of parents (56.67%) and substance abuse in the domestic context (53%, 33) were related to the father. About 40% of the participants reported experiences involving sexual abuse, whose reports specified characteristics such as age and bond with the possible perpetrator, while social violence appeared mainly in contexts of ecological transition from childhood to adolescence. It was observed that experiences of death and/or divorce of the parents, emotional neglect and domestic violence in the trajectory of sex offenders in this sample can increase the risk of experiencing sexual abuse in childhood. Participants with higher ACE scores abuse children more frequently and with less need of alcohol or other drugs use. The results reveal the existence of a relationship between the frequency and tipology of ACE and factors related to the commitment of sexual aggression, demonstrating that this is a variable to be considered in the investigation with sex offenders, since the effects of stress resulting from such experiences can manifest both in the short and long term, influencing the future adoption of sexually abusive behaviors. It is suggested that further studies may directly apply the ACE-IQ Test to larger samples, with the realization of a post-test to provide greater reliability to the collected reports.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da adequação dos níveis de funcionalidade do VB-MAPP em uma amostra de crianças brasileiras.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-26) KEUFFER, Sara Ingrid Cruz; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
The Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP) is a criteria-based assessment tool that can be used as a curriculum guide and repertoire development monitoring system for children with autism and other developmental disorders. The three levels of VB-MAPP were established from typical child development milestones derived primarily from studies with US or European children. Considering the socioeconomic and cultural differences that exist between the United States/Europe and Brazil, this study analyzed the adequacy of VB-MAPP functional levels for the evaluation of verbal, social and motor repertoires of a sample of 61 Brazilian children with typical development, living in Belém do Pará, of both sexes and aged between one and five years. The results showed that the functional levels proposed in the VB-MAPP were adequate to evaluate repertoires of a sample of Brazilian children with typical development, increasing the data on the external validity of the instrument. Based on these results it is suggested the relevance of the use of VB-MAPP in the Brazilian context.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de simetria por comparação de treinos de emparelhamento ao modelo sucessivo (go/no-go)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-16) PICANÇO, Carlos Rafael Fernandes; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7231331062174024
Successive matching-to-sample (go/no-go) has been pointed out as an effective procedure to reduce stimulus control digressions in conditional relation training with non-humans. Other studies suggest the comparison between (symmetrical and non symetrical) conditional discrimination acquisition curves as a way to evaluate properties of equivalence relations. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using both procedures above mentioned in evaluating the property of symmetry in four capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp). Stimulus presentation, activation of devices, and response recording were automatically controlled by software. Subjects were maintained under conditions approved by IBAMA. By mean of an “ABAB” single subject design, the acquisition of symmetrical (A) and non-symmetrical (B) conditional discriminations were compared. In both Condition A and B, conditional relations A-B and B-A were simultaneously trained so that in every condition, four new arbitrary conditional discriminations (with new stimuli arbitrarily related) were presented. When symmetrical, positive combinations were A1-B1, A2 B2, B1-A1, and B2-A2, and negative combinations were A1 B2, A2 B1, B1 A2 and B2 A1. When non-symmetrical, positive combinations were A1 B1, A2 B2, B1 A2, and B2 A1, and negative combinations were A1 B2, A2 B1, B1 A1 e B2 A2. Two of the four subjects (Negão e Bongo) completed que acquisition of one (Bongo) or two (Negão) sets of conditional relations (Conditions A-symmetrical and B-non-symmetrical) for the evaluation of the viability of the procedure to verify the property of symmetry. Data demonstrate that the method here reported detected the presence of the property of symmetry in the conditional relations leraned by Negão and its absence in the conditional relations learned by Bongo. Data are inconclusive for the other two subjects. One detailed analysis of the performance of each subject and its measures is also presented.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de um procedimento de aproximação sucessiva sobre a seleção de uma prática cultural complexa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-23) PAVANELLI, Sergio; TOURINHO, Emmanuel Zagury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5960137946576592
The investigation of cultural selection has become more consistent theoretically and empirically in the Behavior Analysis especially after Sigrid S. Glenn proposed and developes the concept of metacontingencies. At the level reached by empirical investigations, a challenging issue relates to the complexity that cultural phenomena usually present. Cavalcanti (2012) evaluated the possibility of increasing the probability of complex interlocked behavioral contingencies (IBCs) by means of a successive approximation procedure (analogous to modeling operant response) involving a task of choosing rows of a matrix by group members. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Social Behavior and Cultural Selection of this University (LACS / UFPA) and consisted of a replication with two microcultures, of Cavalcanti's first experiment with addition of the following changes in the procedure: a) introduction of generational change, b) steady order of choice by members of the lineages in the microculture and c) The use of two sets of criteria for the production of cultural consequence (one with each microculture). Study participants were undergraduate students from various courses, excluding psychology, distributed in two microcultures (A and B) consisting of 4 participants positioned in 4 different lines (L1, L2, L3 and L4). In each microculture 4 participants worked simultaneously sending individual responses (choice of lines in a 10x10 matrix) which produced individual consequences (exchangeable chips for money) every time the operant contingencies in place (choice of odd lines) were met. Regardless of operant contingencies was also the release of reinforcing cultural consequence in the form of figures stamped on a card which were exchanged for school items to make up a kit at the end of the experiment. The experimental session consisted of cycles of attempts (moves made by the microcultures) and generations of participants. Each generation corresponded equivalent to 20 cycles of trying. In each generation a new participant was inserted to replace the one with more time in the study. Substitutions made occurred within each specific strain. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of the gradual increase in environmental complexity procedure (criteria required for the production of cultural consequences) on the "modeling" of cultural practices in the context of sucessive generations. For the two microcultures data suggest the efficacy of the procedure of gradual increase in environmental complexity in the production of complex IBCs and provide greater generality to the results found by Cavalcanti. However, the study provided no comparison of microcultures exposed of gradually increasing complexity with continued exposure of a microculture to the more complex environment. For this reason, it is clear that the procedure analogous to modeling was effective in producing complex IBCs, but not that it was more effective than the continuous exposure of a microculture, for the same number of cycles, to the more complex environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação psicopedagógica de crianças em acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-06) PINHEIRO, Marcilene Alves; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051; OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8839751954613395
One of the great challenges of contemporary society is to address the issues surrounding the care of children and adolescents in institutions and the possible consequences of that period in their development. Current studies seek to look at the host institution as developmental context from the perspective Bioecological Human Development, in which not only focuses on the context, but the interactions that the developing person keeps to him. This study aimed to verify the applicability of the software Desenvolve ® on cognitive assessment of children aged five to seven years on condition of institutional care, discussing the possibility of environmental arrangements and materials that will promote a healthy development. The participants were 16 children, aged from five to seven years, welcomed a Belém’s public host institution. To gather sociodemographic data sheet used the Ficha de Caracterização da Criança, that is a form consists of 94 items divided into five categories: identification of the child, family structure, history of institutionalization, sociojurídica current situation and child health, which were extracted the variables age, sex, education, reason for the host, length of stay in residential care, and educational evaluation. The cognitive assessment was performed by software Desenvolve ® that trough 127 screen measures the performance on 19 cognitive skills, which were analyzed in two categories: percentage of hits and misses¸ and percentage yield in each cognitive skill. The results reveal that the universe of participants is composed mostly of boys (75%), aged five years, family neglect the main reason for the reception. It is noteworthy also that 50% of participants go through their first experience of institutional care, while others face their second and third experiments on schooling has been that all children have started their school activities and / or develop in host institution’s Room Service Educational, however, there is a grace period for the medical records of educational evaluation. In cognitive assessment, for the category of percentage of hits and misses, has hit percentage greater than the errors for all children aged seven years, since the category of percentage of income in each cognitive skill stand out as cognitive skills of low income: perception of letters and numbers, perception timeline, naming numbers, sense of time, sense and perception of numerical sequence sequence. From these results, we propose a plan of environmental strategies and materials to promote healthy development, consisting of 12 strategies that encompass both activities aimed at (re) organization of the physical environment and the teachers of the institution, and to direct stimulation cognitive skills of lower income. Through the indicators of this study can observe the applicability software Desenvolve® for the assessment of children in situations of institutional care and the importance of this kind of mapping for the development and implementation of strategies that will promote and ratify the host institution as context promoter of healthy development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliando a alteração da função de faces via equivalência de estímulos e pareamento de estímulos tipo respondente (ReT) em crianças com TEA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-04-28) BORDA, Gisell Andrea Díaz; SILVA, Álvaro Júnior Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8960291779730857; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7231331062174024; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1306-384X
Children with atypical development may have deficient face observation behavior. This deficit may explain, in part, some of their difficulties in social interaction and acquisition of complex behavior such as the verbal repertoire. The present dissertation explored the effect of two types of procedures: equivalence-based instruction and stimulus pairing, on the alteration of face functions measured by preference tests for human faces figures and duration of human face observation responses in social tests. The behavioral processes involved in face observation responses in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were researched in the two studies presented here. Experiment I, evaluated the effect of equivalence-based instruction on the potential transfer of function from preference figures items to figures of human faces and properly human faces. Three children diagnosed with ASD participated in the study. A Pre-test and post-test design was used, with multiple baseline temporal controls, divided into three phases: a) Pre-test: assessment of the choice responses and face observation, b) Intervention: equivalence class formation via identity matching with class-specific consequences, c) Post-test: repetition of measurements made in Pre-test phase. Results demonstrated that, despite the difficulty in documenting the emergence of conditional relations that prove properties of equivalence relations (only symmetry was obtained for two of the three participants), changes in choice responses to figures of human faces was evidenced in two participants. One of the participants showed also changes in social tests. However, in the reinforcement phase of the conditional relations of this study, there was pairing between stimuli: access to a high magnitude preference item is preceded by the presentation of a visual stimulus (figures of human faces). Therefore, Study II assessed the possible effect of this pairing alone on the function of faces in children diagnosed with ASD. Two children who did not participate in Study I took part in Study II. An intra-subject design comparing Pre-test and Post-test measures was implemented, organized in a multiple probe schedule between participants, divided into three phases: a) Pre-test; b) Intervention: respondent-type (ReT) pairing between pictures of faces and highly preferred item and between an abstract figure and a lower preferred item, and c) Post-test: repetition of Pre-test measures as described in Study I. Study II, therefore, was complementary to Study I. The results in Study II show alteration of responding to faces in preference tests and social tests for one of the two participants. The data obtained in this dissertation add basic research knowledge to identify behavioral processes involved in the human facial observational responses, as well as provide relevant information to the area of Applied Behavior Analysis to the intervention of children who have difficulties in attention to faces. The procedures explored point to the use of methodological strategies to alter the function of the faces and show the potential of the stimulus equivalence paradigm in altering observation responses.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliando e ensinando técnicas da taxonomia Lemov para professores do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-26) MARTINS, Jade Cristine Trindade; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
The literature on Behavior Analysis may contribute to the educational system, despite the little influence exerted in pedagogical practice. The performance of the students is functionally related to that of the teacher, making important the investment in professional training. The Lemov taxonomy cataloged teaching techniques based on the behaviors of teachers with students with excellent academic performance, presenting similarity with the behavioral perspective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the training of Lemov taxonomy techniques with four elementary school teachers. A pre and post-training record was made of the occurrences of the techniques in the classroom, and trained the techniques ‘No opt out’ and ‘Stretch it’, containing booklets and role-play with feedback, components of behavioral skills training. After intervention there were few occurrences of the trained techniques, but there was an increase in related techniques, indicating a partial effect on teachers’ behaviors. The need for in situ training, modeling and simplification of training criteria are discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliando o uso de reforçamento em um procedimento de correção no ensino de tato para crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-30) CARNEIRO, Ana Carolina Cabral; SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1264063598919201
An important aspect of intervention for people with autism based on Applied Behavior Analysis is that procedures should be used to reduce errors while learning a repertoire, considering the effects that errors may have on the learning process. Some studies have investigated the effects of correction procedure that requires active student response after the repetition of a trial with error. Some intervention manuals recommend do not reinforce answers corrected in the correction procedure with active response to prevent the establishment dependence of prompt used for correction. This study investigated the effect of reinforcement in an active-response correction procedure during the tact training in four children with autism. In an intra-participant design an echoic to tact training was made (initial training with simultaneous echoic prompt and then with a 3 s. delayed prompt) with adapted alternating treatment - one condition with reinforcement after corrections and the other condition unreinforced. All participants needed less correction trials in condition with reinforcement than in unreinforced correction condition, and participant‘s performance was superior in training condition with reinforcement after correction in nine of the twelve stimulus sets used in the study. We discuss the effectiveness of the reinforcement after the correction procedure, the absence of reinforcement dependence in this procedure, and the applied implications of the results.

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