Teses em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (Doutorado) - PPGDSTU/NAEA
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2297
O Doutorado Acadêmico em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). O Doutorado em Ciências – Desenvolvimento Socioambiental iniciou em 1994, absorvendo o debate crítico de ponta na época nos temas sobre desenvolvimento, planejamento e questões ambientais.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Conflitos, gestão ambiental e o discurso do desenvolvimento sustentável da mineração no estado do Amapá(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) CHAGAS, Marco Antonio Augusto; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787433Y1The industrial mining in Amapá has been developed for six decades (1950-2010, since the settlement of the project ICOMI into the recent investments in gold and iron mines carried out by the enterprises MBPA (current Beadell Brasil) and MMX (current Anglo Ferrous Amapá). Starting from the analysis of data contained in environmental licensing processes, monitoring reports, performed interviews, among other sources, the interpreted activities have been identified as social-environmental conflicts coming from the ore mining enterprises in Macapá, the relations of these conflicts with environment administration and the sustainable development speeches. It has been evidenced that there exists a direct relationship between the state organ environment performance and the efficacy of environment administration put into practice by the mining business of enterprises and that the social-environmental conflicts are a result of the fragility of performance of public institutions responsible for the politics of environment administration. Nevertheless, it has been observed that harmful political agreements have advanced legal proceedings of environment instruments administration. These issues have shaken inexorably the principles that lead the environment politics, as the care, the democracy and the sustainability among others. However, it has been verified that inherent idiosyncrasies exist about the form of managing each commercial enterprise and that the environmental administration is the answer to the challenges of viability of each enterprise, as it was with ICOMI in the 1950’s that established programs of environmental health in order to create habitability conditions in the middle of the Amazon forest and more recently with MPBA when, in its short performance activity in Amapá, it created voluntarily funds of social and community development, besides the publication of sustainability reports to communicate their actions. Another askew issue has been also detected; it is concerned with the time of transactions; they weren´t compatible with the environment licensing fulfillment, as it has been proved by the MMX, Amapá performance time; nevertheless, the registered results are due to the violations performed by the company, resulted positive, when they are assessed under the focus of profits measured at the stock market and in the subsequent sale of the iron mine of Amapá to the Anglo American Mining Company. It has also become well-known that it is the Department of Justice, the mediator agent most looked for in order to decide the social environment conflicts provoked by the mining enterprise performances but the results of the means applied still lacks evaluation. The conclusion is that the environmental administration practiced in Amapá is a potential field of conflicts, where public power commits omissions together with the private enterprises, due to lack of technical education and technology in order to produce the modernity of industrial mining and also the lack of the pro-active environment and the adoption of a sustainable development far away from where it is accomplished.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Instituições públicas e gestão de recursos naturais: um estudo sobre as concessões florestais na Amazônia brasileira(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-02) ROSÁRIO, Liliane Ferreira do; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279The management of public forests in Brazil is regulated by Law No. 11,284 of March 2, 2006, as a measure to contain the progress of deforestation, foreign exchange evasion and land grabbing, mainly in the Amazon. In this sense, the management of native forests through forest concession intends to improve the capacity of federal, state and municipal governments to manage their forest patrimony by sharing the responsibility of combating land grabbing with the private sector, preventing predatory exploitation of forest resources, promoting their sustainable use and economic development through forest concessions. This dissertation studies the management of public forests through forest concessions in Conservation Units of Sustainable Use located in the Brazilian Amazon in order to know the effectiveness of these forest concessions, object of this study. In general, the questions that supports the research problem of this dissertation are linked to the difficulties encountered by the state in indirectly controlling the behavior of private agents in relation to the use of wood resources in native forests. In order to analyze the financial feasibility of the concessions, the deterministic methods of the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were used to evaluate the quality of the management and to verify the occurrence of illegal exploitation. This study also analysed satellite images from landsat, which were processed to generate the NDFI index. The study started with the following hypothesis: Failures in the implementation of command and control mechanism in these forest concessions, linked to deficiencies in the institutional environment, may affect the environmental and economic performance of the public forests management through the current model of concessions. The results show that the contracted companies, that were part of this study, explored the forest resources beyond what was allowed, it was also reported that only one of the companies participating in the study presented intermediate-quality forest management, the others were classified as forest management of low quality, accepting in this way the hypothesis of study.