Teses em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (Doutorado) - PPGDSTU/NAEA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2297

O Doutorado Acadêmico em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). O Doutorado em Ciências – Desenvolvimento Socioambiental iniciou em 1994, absorvendo o debate crítico de ponta na época nos temas sobre desenvolvimento, planejamento e questões ambientais.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Floresta Nacional do Jamanxim: mecanismo de ordenamento territorial e de desenvolvimento sustentável
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SILVA, Patrícia Guedes da; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532279040491194; PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7038744359388670
This thesis aims to understand the effects of the installation of the Conservation Unit of Sustainable Use, National Forest (FLONA) of Jamanxim, located in the Municipality of Novo Progresso, Pará, as a government measure to restrain illegal use of natural resources. The study focused more specifically on changes in the landscape and the life of people living inside the conservation unit (CU), identifying and analyzing the relations they set among themselves, with nature, the government and its various phases, as well as forms of collective actions to defend their interests. During the research, a triangulation of methodologies was made using structured interviews and field observation whose data were systematized and subjected to both Simple and Multiple Correspondence Analysis. The results were also subjected to secondary data, such as deforestation (systematized by INPE) and agricultural credit (systematized by the Central Bank of Brazil - BACEN), using Correlation Coefficient and Simple Linear Regression to support the analysis. The installation of Jamanxin FLONA caused a socio economic and environmental dynamic transformation inside and around the delimited area, after the limits and criteria were regulated for the sustainable exploration of the natural resources. The results showed a reduction in lumber extraction, cattle raising and services, causing unemployment and migration to large cities, mining and retail/wholesale businesses. The results also showed positive correlation between deforestation and credit and financing between 2003 and 2010, when costing explained 50% of the variations in deforestation rate. Rural producer associations and labor unions mediated the negotiations between government and the local population to halt and/or set new limits for the CU, but mainly for its permanence in the original territory. The data analysis showed that FLONA brought benefits against illegal public land invasions. However, lack of definition concerning the permanence or not of residents inside the CU raises doubts about the future.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Manejo Florestal Comunitário na Amazônia Brasileira: uma abordagem sobre manejo adaptativo e governança local dos recursos florestais em Reserva Extrativista
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) LIMA, César Augusto Tenório de; SCHMINK, Marianne; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
The forest handling developed by communities in Amazonia has practically 20 years of existence and it is still considered unviable in the way that it is conceived nowadays, and their guidelines need to be discussed. The initiatives that exist are subsidized by the public authorities, or private organizations that decide the intensity of field exploration based on legislations directed to a timber extraction business and opposite to the principles and habits of local communities. The work has as objective to analyze, in an integrated way, the adaptive management and local governance, as the approaches that can support community forest management in the Brazilian Amazon. The research was structured from the studies in the RESEX Green Forever, in Pará, seeking, through the trajectory of five communities, to set up the community forest management according to its conditions and needs, making use of the logging resources through traditional practices. The investigation has happened for seven years (2010-2016), using a method based on the observer-participant technique and diagnostic tools of participatory organizational development methodology for the qualitative and quantitative information collection, complemented by bibliographic and documentary research, as well as depth interviews. To analyze the empirical data, it was used a theoretical and methodological framework that met this search, being able to support future research, and a study about forest economical viability to decide if the management plans will get the desired success. The results showed that the RESEX are cultural forests where the family's way of life, their histories and traditions must be recognized. In this logic, the management plans were adapted to the reality of the communities and it is economically viable, as well as the local government was considered the most appropriate arrangement to make the management and use of forest goods, suggesting a system of governance between communities and State that can build a new institutionalism in protected areas. In this context, there is the appearance of the “new common”, described by protagonism and autonomy in decision making and by a network of collaboration among communities that practice extractivism, seeking in collective actions to ensure their human rights and social environmental justice. The community forest management in the Amazon needs to be urgently resignified, which implies a conceptual change that is able to corroborate with simplified laws and public policies adjusted to forest peoples.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Regeneração florestal associada a tamanhos de clareiras: implicações para o manejo florestal sustentável
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-05-30) PINTO, Andréia Cristina Brito; AZEVEDO-RAMOS, Claudia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1968630321407619
The conviction on the capacity of forest regeneration is one of the backbones of the sustainable forest management in a long term. The performance of the regenerative process, however, depends on the damage intensity of the logging activity, which can be reduced according to science-base interventions on suitable criteria to direct the good practices. In this sense, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different sizes of logging gaps on forest regeneration. The study was carried out in eastern Amazonia (Paragominas, Pará state, Brazil). We evaluated and monitored links of the regenerative process (e. g., herbivores vertebrate, seed rain, climatic factors) and/or others direct attributes of the regeneration (e. g., plant density, species richness, growth, recruitment, mortality) in two study sites. At Rio Capim ranch, with recent logging, fifteen 1.3 year old logging gaps were selected in an area of 300 ha of reduced impact logged forest and monitored for fifteen months. These gaps comprised three size categories: five small gaps (30-100 m2), five medium gaps (500-800 m2) and five large gaps (> 1.500 m2). At Cauaxi ranch, with old logging activity, twelve 8.5 years old logging gap had the direct attributes of its regeneration evaluated. The size categories were as above, except the larger gaps were smaller (1,000-1,400 m2). Our prediction is that higher species richness will occur in places of intermediary disturbances, in this case, in medium gaps (sensu Connell, 1978). Overall, this hypothesis was not confirmed. In Rio Capim ranch (1.3 year post-logging), although the larger gaps presented the lowest plant richness, the medium gaps were not the richest in species. Larger gaps showed more divergences to closed forest (control), they had higher temperatures, higher density, higher plant height growth, and higher vine growth. In medium gaps, the vines and pioneers species had also higher growth than in closed forest. The small gaps were more similar to closed forest, only differing on its higher pioneer density and growth (except vine growth). Both the seed rain and the impact of the herbivores on regeneration were indifferent to gap sizes, but show dependence on punctual features, such as presence of feeding sources to fauna and to seed production. The old gaps of Cauaxi ranch showed no significant differences among sizes and closed forests. Comparatively, the old gaps had lower density and higher relative species richness than younger gaps. According to our results and their potential implications to forest regeneration, the main recommendation of this study is that large gaps must be avoided. The small and medium gaps congregate more fortunate attributes to the sustainability of the timber management.

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