Dissertações em Direito (Mestrado) - PPGD/ICJ

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3418

O Mestrado Acadêmico em Direito pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito (PPGD) do Instituto de Ciências Jurídicas (ICJ) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Em 1984, foi reconhecido pela CAPES o Curso de Mestrado em Direito Público. Em 1987, o PPGD passou por um processo de reformas, que deram origem a duas Áreas de Concentração: Instituições Jurídico-Políticas e Instituições Jurídicas e Sociais na Amazônia. Atualmente, o Programa oferta cursos de Mestrado Acadêmico e Doutorado (único da área de Direito na Amazônia), e se estrutura em torno de uma única Área de Concentração: Direitos Humanos. Possui cinco Linhas de Pesquisa: Constitucionalismo, Políticas Públicas e Direitos Humanos; Direitos fundamentais: concretização e garantias; Direitos Fundamentais e Meio Ambiente; Estudos Críticos do Direito; Sistema penal e Direitos Humanos. Sua missão é formar profissionais que, compreendendo a realidade local, rica em recursos, mas ainda com baixos índices de desenvolvimento econômico e social, trabalhem para transformá-la. Para isso, objetiva ofertar sólida formação teórica, aliada à competência política e social.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 261

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Sujeitos e valores jurídicos emergentes: direito à moradia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1997) PEREIRA, Luiz Otávio Corrêa; CASTRO, José Carlos Dias
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecofilosofia: do antropocentrismo ao ecocentrismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1998) SILVA, Ricardo Albuquerque da; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
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O narcotráfico e o sistema penal federal no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1999) ROSÁRIO, Marco Alexandre da Costa; CASTRO, José Carlos Dias
The present work is divided into two parts: one general and another specific. We try, in the general part to give a vision concerning to the issue of the use and of the traffic of narcotics and kindred drugs, under their historical and social perspectives, since their origins, in the old times, till the present one. in considering the formation of the great criminal organizations, formed and starting from the growth of the ilicit trade in narcotics and initiated in the first years of this century, regarding mainly to the cocaine traffic and also to the one of the Colombian cartels of Cali and Medellín, created the latter, therefore, since the decade of 1970. It leads us to analyze, in a simplified form, the social issues provoked by the drug traffic, since the conflicts generated in the producer countries of South America, till their present condition in the State of Pará, as a drug runner. It also analyses the Brazilian legislation and the criminologic issues on the question. In the specific part, we investigate the matter, starting it from fieldwork, as a research on the performance of the component institutions of the Penal System at federal level in the State of Pará, whose task is to fight the traffic in narcotics. In order to reach this objective, we stimulated to research, this way, the criminal processes that exist in the judgmentship of the judiciary Section belonging to the Federal Justice in the State of Pará, besides having interviewed the Federal Judges, Republic Procurators and Federal Police Delegates who exercises their activities in the State of Pará, seeking, this way, to make a clear and objective study, concerning to his subject, fundamentally checking the answers once given by the above mentioned institutions (Penal System) in relation to the problem of the ilicit traffic in narcotics and kindred drugs, at an international level, in the State of Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Litisconsórcio, efeitos da sentença e coisa julgada na tutela dos interesses metaindividuais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001) ROCHA, Ibraim José das Mercês; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
The comprehension of the legal phenomenom as an inclusion sistem is fundamental for the comprehension of the standard approaches wich rule de tutelage of metaindividual interests. So porper 21st century, the main standards to this procedural sistem in Brazil are expressed under the Law 7.347/85 c/c Law 8.078/90 and the necessary interaction with the federal Constitution standards which rule such matter, where the legality model ad causam is granted and public as well as private social entities reflect their nature as a peace making tool to the social conflict. The phenomenon of pluraty of parts in the process of collective tutelage; the highlight to the procedural notion of terceiro is supposed to be essential for the comprehension of such phenomenon, detaching from its construction of material rights relationships that may originate its diverse modalities. The phenomenon of pluraty of parts in the process of collective tutelage; the highlight to the procedural notion of terceiro is supposed to be essential for the comprehension of such phenomenom in a collective tutelage site, which joinder of parties in the highest expression of such phenomenom, detaching from its construction of material rights relationships that may originate its diverse modalities. The respect of constitucional-procedural guarantee of the adversary and the legal defense as fundamental guarantee and right, importante and necessary to social tissue, may and shall be done under social parameters which are more reflexive to the place where special regulations of collective tutelage procedures are inserted, creating the patrio legislador "turns" of respect to its individual prisma, highlighting its social function, expressed in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of article 103 of Law 8.078/90. The efficacy of the decision in a collective tutelage site, for its nature will present repercussions about the interest of terceiros, and, as it is, it is for the tutelage of such individuals, so it is fair to say that they have efficacy ultra partes ou erga omnes, but the erga omnes are distinct from the judge part as well as ultra partes is, as it was thought on Chapter IV on Title III of Law 8.078/90, which only exclude thenselves on the form of "turns" thought of the legislator. No impairment there would be for the collective extension pro et contra of the erga omnes ou ultra partes effect of the judge part on tutelage of any of the metaindividual interests, with no exceptions, because they would not limit in any way the tutelage of the individual interests of mermbers of such collectivities, communites or group of victims, because it was not the aim of the collective procedure. But the caution demanded many "turns" to save such individual interests just in case of impertinence of the collective action, once that, is such a case, it is an only global responsibility of the defendant, being the individual interest in its range of action, it is not of the interest to act to intend a private tutelage as it is extincted in the procedure of collective execution.
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A proteção dos direitos indígenas: uma proposta estrutural para a incorporação do etnocídio no ordenamento jurídico nacional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001) BITAR, Murilo do Vale; CASTRO, José Carlos Dias
The ethnocide is one of the biggest and most serious dangers that surrounds indigenous peoples. The Brazilian law, in the constitutional level as well as in the infraconstitutional level, do not protects Indians from that danger. Inquiring this matter in the light of basic necessities and human rights, this thesis proposes the inclusion, in the Brazilian positive law system, of ethnocide as a specific crime type, seeking, in the manner, a better protection to Indians and the cultures they depend upon, physically and spiritually.
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A constitucionalidade da norma antielisiva no direito tributário brasileiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) OLIVEIRA, Fernando Augusto Braga; SCAFF, Fernando Facury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3214760192523948
This study aims to demonstrate the constitutionally of the general rule "antielisiva" inserted in the Brazilian Law with the alteration of the article 116, already existing and the interpretation that should be accomplished in a context that needs to observe the Federal Constitution of 1988, with the several prevision of social rights. The rule brings about the matter of the individual front to social, freedom front to equality, the search of the material truth, without rights violation. lt is made an approach on the interpreter and the interpretation of the rules and pricipies, the need of application of the proportionality principles with the search of the material truth and the Fiscal Justice without violation of the fundamental warranties of the individual in special of the taxpayer. The necessary presentation to disclose positivist arguments that intentionally forget the constitutional fundamentais foressen in the 1st. and 3rd. Articles of the Federal Constitution of 1988. Paradigms and prejudices were set aside to acknowledge the sense of the "antielisiva" rule in the Brazilian Law. The demonstratiofi of the difference between the "elision" and fiscal evasion became indispensable for removing afterwards the difficulties that were the inconstitutionality allegations of the "antielisão" rule in Brazil, for possible affront to the legality and the freedom. It was used arguments on the ground of the Federal Constitution and based on the foreseen provision of the New Brazilian Civil Code After the disclosure of the respective constitutionally, based on the context, pursuant article 116, only paragraph of CTN, presenting at the end some guidelines as suggention for the application of the "antielisão" rule in the Brazilian Law. It was accomplished a doctrinary research with incursion in laws and respective jurisprudency. Intentionally to conclude, it was not made comparison with any foreign legislation, as the main purpose of this study is exclusively, the application of the rule in Brazil.
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A formação do Brasil pela legislação: análise e crítica da utopia burocrática colonial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) SIMÕES, Sandro Alex de Souza; MAUÉS, Antonio Gomes Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100632338260364
This present dissertation try to establish questions upon a state-oriented model of brasilian historical analysis, beginning to the State real bounds in introducing a project of civilization to Brasil explicited on Lisbon' legal production. Compare the modern State concept and the politics those inspired the seaborne expansion and the brasilian colonization.
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A efetividade do Sistema Interamericano de direitos humanos: análise dos casos brasileiros na Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) TEREZO, Cristina Figueiredo; MAUÉS, Antonio Gomes Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100632338260364
The present research is about the effectiveness of the Inter-American Human Rights System with regard to Brazilian cases as well as the general situation of Human Rights violations in Brazil This study starts from presentation of Human Rights concepts and foundation, to analyze the consolidation of international protection with emergence of the systems for the promotion and garanty of Human Rights, in universal and regional levels, with emphasis on the Inter-American Human Rights System, over which it is made an analysis of its main organs: Inter-American Court and Commission. In the Inter-American Commission study, while describing its jurisdiction, admissibility requirements and course of individual petitions, it is presented Brazilian cases currently in the Commission, identified through the analysis of its annual reports, available in its electronic address. Herewith, it is envisaged the overall picture of the cases that are sent to Inter-American Commission, given that, as a rule, they do not exhaust domestic remedies, which is one of the admissibility requirements of individual petitions. Therefore, they are sent based on a exception, that is, the one of unwarranted delay of the domestic remedies to protect the violation of Human Rights occurred in Brazil, which makes the Inter-American System not a supplementary or coadjuvant body. In order to analyze the effectiveness of the Inter-American System for the promotion and garanty of Human Rights in Brazil, it is presented the monitoring that the Commission carries out since 1997, when it made Recommendations about the general situation of Human Rights violation, based on its in loco visit to the country in 1995; and with the analysis of Brazilian cases currently in Inter-American Commission, it is also identified which individual complaints originated Recommendations to Brazil and, thus, their relationship with public policies, legislative innovations and modifications that took place internaly.
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A exigibilidade judicial dos direitos sociais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) COLARES, Patrick Menezes; MAUÉS, Antonio Gomes Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100632338260364
The lack of concreting of some fundamental rights, as social ones, related with health and education, wich demands costs to State, still represents a challenge to brazilian constitucionalism. In consequence, Courts are facing with issues related with the materialization of suth rights, as supply of medicines that are not able on public healths system or a guarantee of matriculation of an student on public education system. These requests of judicial orders directed to public administration to fulfill its constitucional duty, throught positives obligations. Such phenomenon, included for the great part of doctrine on what its used to call as "judicialization of politics" is not free from criticisms. Against it, there are arguments that (I) Judiciary is assaulting the separation of powers principie because the administrative function with its discricionarity, must be preserved with Executive, and not on judges hands, who are forbbiden to interfer in public politcs; (II) judges have no democratic legitimacy, because they were not elected by the people; (III) Judiciary is not prepared and technicaly capacitaded for such kind of demand; (IV) depending on positives state behavour and public recourse for its concreting, a judicial determination in this way would oppose legality and budget anteriority principies, finding serious obstacles in its concreting because the "possible restriction". This study proposes not only to analize these related arguments, as also examinate borders of juridical and political systems, concluding legitimacy or not of such conduct, as well to analyse the nature, the programatic caracter and the dificult delimitation of social rights and its judicial protection, in others words, seaching, in resume, to examinate brazilian Judiciary function on social rights concreting problem, as "existencial minimum" warranter.
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Presença humana em unidades de conservação de proteção integral em área rural e urbana: uma análise principiológica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) MELO, José Messias Gomes; BENATTI, José Heder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6884704999022918
The National System of Units of Conservation (NSUC) instituted by the law 9985/00, provides the creation of five categories of Units of Conservation of Integral Protection (UCIP) and seven of sustainable usage, in the midst of the categories of the group of integral protection there is a category named park category, this category can be estate or natural municipal, according to the institution. Park category can be in rural area and in urban area as well. It is very common to see people in park borders, traditional population in rural areas or disordered occupation in urban areas. The law makes no difference between rural or urban areas, however, provides the relocation of traditional population, whose, the presence would not cause any damage to the protected area. Whereas, people living the parks of urban areas can be very harmful to the protection of the particularly protected area, since they can cause a huge, environmental impact, without worrying with the preservation or conservation as the traditional population that is completely dependent on the natural resources to its subsistence. Taking the hypothesis that the same category (UCIP) in special parks can shelter different groups of people (traditional population in rural areas and trespassers in urban areas), a study was done to analyze the impact in principles that permeate this situation, and also to make an attempt to diminish it. Before axiological dimension in the treatment of traditional population, we can conclude that the permanence of this kind of population is reasonable in UCIP placed in rural areas, however, it is not acceptable the presence of people in urban areas.
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A legitimidade da participação processual na tutela dos direitos difusos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) GATO, Gisele Augusta Fontes; MAROJA, Ângela; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9078629034100575
The theoretical approach of the procedural participation is found at a point of intersection between a social-political theory and a legal theory, in order to achieve that it was necessary to initiate from Habermas social theory, proceeding to his political theory and only then to his legal theory. In terms of a discursive theory, the perfection of judicial sentences derives not only from the rationality of the legislation, but also from the reproduction, in the scope of the legal speech, of the conditions of the rational speech, bearing in mind the pragmatic limitations that occur on the legal speech, limitations that arise from the specifics of the legal speech whose main purpose is resolving decision making issues, cannot be developed under the same basis of the ethical speech. Even though the Legal speech is limited by the pragmatic impositions in it, the same way the practical speeches in general, the argument is necessary to the rational justification and the perfection of the sentence, and it is in this aspect that the legal speech connects with the participation, essential for the rational justification and legitimacy of the sentence. Thus, the procedural legislation must be submitted to critics in order to verify if the procedural participation prescribed in the legislation is capable of guaranteeing a legitimate procedure. In our national legislation two situations are not justifiable rationally. First, the one that refers to the current judicial procedure, based in the individual paradigm, insufficient for processing deals formulated based on diffuse rights for they hinder the necessary argument about the legal paradigms and adequate representation that will be presented at court. Second, the restriction to the individual participation in the majority of the procedural actions involving the protection of the diffuse rights, which cannot be rationally justified. Although there is an indicative of change consisting of a first draft of a code of collective process considering legitimate the participation of any member of society. This extension of legitimacy does not apply to all actions that can be used to tutor diffuse interests and rights; the constitutional control was not among the changes. Therefore the discussion over the subject of procedural participation cannot be closed, not even after the promulgation of the code of collective process, due to the importance of the participation of all the interested parties, or of its legitimate representatives, in any judicial procedure where its interests or rights are being questioned. Only by continuing the discussion around the insufficiencies of the judicial procedure in the liberal paradigm for protecting the diffuse rights will we be able to create a rational argument on the subject, whose conclusion represents the victory of the best reasons.
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Caso Ximenes Lopes vs. Brasil: responsabilidade do Estado e Ordem Jurídica Internacional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) TORRES, Gustavo Oriol Mendonça; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794
The human rights violation of people who suffer from mental issues was recognized by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The case Ximenes lopes Vs Brasil has reveled in which ways the State, who should be the biggest guardian of this groups’s rights, used do take actions of isolation, maltreatment in psychiatric hospitals that didn’t respect the human dignity. The conditions in which the death of Damião Ximenes Lopes happened, showed the inhuman and degrading actions that were wrongly taken in our country. The Inter-American Court besides determining the payment of pecuniary indemnity asked the Brazilian State to guarantee that theses violations won’t happen again. The Federal Govern, because of theses facts, has structured a process of uninstitutionalization of pacients in psychiatric institutions, which has brought great advances, but hasn’t represented the real necessity of people who need them. The evaluation of these programs reminds us the fundamental discussion about how the Inter-American System of Human Rights may supervise theses steps of non-repetition, contributing to a new view about people with mental issues.
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O processo licitatório como mecanismo de proteção socioambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) MORGADO, Giovanna Corrêa; BENATTI, José Heder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6884704999022918
The study deals with biding as a mechanism of social-environmental protection, analyzing how the biding proceeding can work as a materialization of the principle of the environmental prevention on the installation of public enterprises potentially causer of environmental degradation. Initially, it presents the environmental matter, your relevant aspects and your insertion on the Constitutional text, the environmental licensing proceeding. Then, it is done an analysis of the biding proceeding, the jurisdictional principles that instruct it, your finality, your phases and its relation with other instruments of environmental protection. The biding is the way that the Public Administration contracts the execution of public enterprises of infra-structure, potentially causer of environmental impact. Therefore, it presents how the biding is an important mechanism of environmental protection, when the Public Administration accomplishes the legal biding proceeding in force on the country. It was analyzed two exemplificative cases in which the Public administration has not accomplished such proceeding, violating the principle of legality and of the environmental prevention and precaution. The study was made thru case laws and doctrine, as well as thru analysis of decisions issued by the Judiciary Power of Para State and the Public Finance Court, in specific cases of the biding of the “Alça Viária” and the hydro via of Capim-Guamá, Marajó and Teles Pires – Tapajós and the enlargement of the lease of the Santarém port, respectively.
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Terras tradicionalmente ocupadas por índios: fundamentos para uma aplicação limitada da Súmula 650 do STF
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) SILVA, Maria Eliza Nogueira da; COSTA, Paulo Sérgio Weyl Albuquerque
The pluralism is a mark of the contemporary democracy and the Constitution of 1988 represented an important progress in the protection of the diversities in Brazil, consecrating the multiplicity of ideas, cultures and ethnic groups, and presupposing the dialogue between opinions and divergent thoughts. In this context, the indigenous people acquired the right of have its culture recognized, in other words, their ethnic-cultural specificities were respected, guaranteeing them the right to be and to remain as Indians. The delimitation and the protection of an appropriate territorial space for the different indigenous people are considered as an essential condition for the physical and cultural survival of those groups. The present work intends, then, to analyze the interpretation adopted by Federal Supreme Court of Brazil (Supremo Tribunal Federal - STF) in a document named Súmula 650, concerning the term "Native Lands" (Federal Constitutions of Brazil/1988 art. 231, §§ 1st and 2nd), in way to understand its reach and application limits. For this, initially, the itinerary of the concept was rebuilt on STF, analyzing the decisions concerning this subject. The initial landmark of this discussion is the document named Súmula 480 and his precedents, and the end is the Súmula 650, including the analysis of the cases that it conformed. As a result, was verified, that in the decisions before Súmula 650, the Court moved away from the civil concept of possession to contemplate a concept of native possession, in which the present time can be secondary, faced with evidences that attest the traditional occupation. From the precedents analysis of the Súmula 650, was verified that the judgment involved a specific historical context, in which the native people were extinct. On the other hand, generalizing arguments has been used and if they are indiscriminately applied they are supposed to cause serious damages to the native territorial rights, especially related to the restitution of traditional lands. From the results, it is possible to conclude that the Title of the Súmula 650 cannot be applied in generalized way, it must be presented as ground for an application limited to the facts related and historicity of the concrete case; the Convention 169 of the OIT and orientation of the “Agenda 21”; and the other interpretations from STF about the term "Native Lands".
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A mão e o martelo: a polícia militar e os conflitos sociais no campo paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) MONTEIRO, Alisson Gomes; BENATTI, José Heder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6884704999022918
This study was conducted to identify how the Military Police mediates social conflicts in Para, pointing ways that it can be a tool for reducing social inequalities, and not a mechanism for perpetuating these gaps. It is important to analyze the role of the government, that should be the radiator of social protection, but in fact, leaves the Military Police at the whim of the influence of the economic strength of large landowners, who often use violence as a way to maintain the established structures. It was observed that the Military Police acts essentially as an instrument of force, often being at the service of landowners elites who, through violence, perpetuate a segregational production system and concentrate resources. There is still a need to establish a culture of mediation that transforms the institutional reality, so that the discrediting of the Corporation is overcome, so that the Military Police can come closer to the community as a truly public service.
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Atuação jurisdicional e proteção ambiental no Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) SANTANA, Raimundo Rodrigues; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
This study examines the role of judicial powers in the state of Para in addressing the issues concerning the major impacts socio-environmental considered not just those who cause harm strictly ecological but also social in nature. From the study of emblematic cases, chosen because they represent situations of socioenvironmental bias, we measured the relation between the judicial role and model of economic development based on intensive exploitation of natural resources, but susceptible sequels with ecological and social. The findings suggest that in benchmarking of emblematic cases, the legal arguments tied to notions of socioeconomic development in the orbit of the courts, have been approved with precedence over environmental protection, in spite of being very well defined the landmarks law to regulate activities human cause of major environmental impacts.
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O agravo de petição como provimento recursal adequado para impugnar sentenças, decisões interlocutórias e despachos-decisórios na execução trabalhista
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) BENTES, José Edílsimo Eliziário; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794
The central idea came due to professional activity. Observing in the day by day the difficulty of those who, unconformed with an act practiced in the phase of execution of a labour process, don’t find, with the desired security, an adequated judicial providence to submit the appreciation of such act to a college decision. Appeal against judgment is suitable, in a period of 8 (eight) days, from the Judge’s or President’s decisions, in the executions. This is what says the specific legislation. One serious problem in the interpretation of this command is to know what are “decisions” taken in the laboural execution, which can be refuted through appeal against judgment. This problematic is found inside a whole processual context, and that’s why we had to follow an outline starting by basic notions of process as instrument used by the State for the exercise of its jurisdictional function. From general to particular, we got into labour process and its phases, attaching to the execution one, how it begins and finishes. The main issue is the reaction to the execution, the reactionning means, specially the appeal as a consequence of the principle of double level of jurisdiction, being or not a constitutional guarantee. According to legal prevision, such appeal is the appeal against judgment. We talk about it and about the acts which the judge can practice in labour execution, saying the nature of each one of them. We also talk about interlocutory decisions, registering our worry with the difficulty we have in identifying them, mainly in the phase of execution. In the final part of this work, we deal with the question of possibility or not of using appeal against interlocutory decision, illustrating this study with some examples based on real cases and the solutions given to each of them.
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O verde na selva de pedra: análise jurídica da proteção da vegetação na área urbana do município de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-10-17) FISCHER, Luly Rodrigues da Cunha; BENATTI, José Heder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6884704999022918
The process of urbanization and concentration of most part of the world‘s population in cities imposes new challenges to the organization of human settlements and to the environmental protection, adversely affecting the quality of life of people and the environmental sustainability, in which urban environments are included. Among many variables that interfere in the sustainability of cities is the existence of urban vegetation, but that has no specific legal protection in the Brazilian legal system. In this scenario, this essay has the purpose to define the legal content of the expression “urban vegetation” with the identification and systematization of laws that regulate the urban flora in the Municipality of Belém (PA). We use in this essay the deductive method and documental research. We discuss the definitions of city, urban, sustainability and quality of life. We analyze the constitutional powers to legislate about environmental and land use law since 1988. We also systematize the main legal e non-legal categories used to define and to study the urban vegetation, presenting, as well, a summary of the urban vegetation‘s main functions, emphasizing its differences with the non-urban environment and its dynamics, leading to the conclusion that this protection must be understood as a process. After analyzing the federal, state and local laws in force in the municipality of Belém, we conclude the Brazilian legal system has no definition that encompasses all particularities of the urban vegetation, but there is regulation in all legislative levels for it, which must be interpreted according to the particularities and principles that rule the urban space and in light of the cooperative federalism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
IPTU ambiental: fundamentos jurídicos para sua aplicação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-11-17) PESSÔA, Rodrigo Magalhães; SCAFF, Fernando Facury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3214760192523948
Environmental degradation is a global problem, affecting the societies in profound ways. The present and future generations realize that changes in the environment produced a loss of quality of life, producing a necessity to revise the method of production of goods and especially the way society relates to the environment. Urban growth is also an overall tenure, however, the quality of life of urban centers does not track its growth, generating a series of environmental problems that must be faced by the government and society as a whole. The environmental taxes has been adopted as an instrument of intervention into the economy, aiming to produce favorable environmental behaviors, either through incentives, either through taxes on things that harm the environment. Municipalities in Brazil, the historical importance they hold and the taxing power constitutionally defined, has at its disposal the tax above urban land, a tribute that can be used as a tool for environmental protection. The 1988 Federal Constitution provides for the use of this tax as a means of environmental protection in urban centers, and also allows municipalities to establish property taxes to meet local realities, transforming this exaction interesting tool in protecting the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A prisão provisória em face da morosidade judicial e da razoável duração do processo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-11-26) PEREIRA, Débora Simões; COSTA, Paulo Sérgio Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4135075517359609
The following work analyzes the reality of Brazilian’s provisory arrests among a procedural context and the consecration of the basic right about the duration of the process. The judicial slowness is a part of the routine of anyone who deals with the judiciary power in Brazil. However, there is a relevant question at the current moment: What can we make with thousands of prisoners who depend on a jurisdictional reply, they are known as provisory imprisoned “permanents”? And what shall we do when the provisory arrests are being applied on a completely arbitrary form, respecting no criterion, except the inexact idea of the term “public order”? Processes last for many years, perhaps decades, while these citizens are forgotten inside prisons and the constitutionals rights are completely violated, as well the reasonable duration of the legal process and the freedom of go and come. An analysis was made to know which kind of stigma these prisoners carry, more specifically imprisoned, as well as the damages that appear when this kind of arrest happen. Nowadays it is condemned, before to judge, to segregate in any kind of manner these women of the familiar and social conviviality.

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