Teses em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (Doutorado) - PPGDSTU/NAEA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2297

O Doutorado Acadêmico em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Trópico Úmido (PPGDSTU) do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (NAEA) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). O Doutorado em Ciências – Desenvolvimento Socioambiental iniciou em 1994, absorvendo o debate crítico de ponta na época nos temas sobre desenvolvimento, planejamento e questões ambientais.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 18 de 18

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A Alta modernidade e a revolução socioambiental: indivíduo e coletividade na reprodução sociometabólica do desenvolvimento e da sustentabilidade na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12-18) COSTA, Gilson da Silva; HURTIENNE, Thomas Peter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7133222063843073
This thesis is a study of contemporary marxism sociology on the High Modernity around the relationship between individual and collectivity in the sociometabolic reproduction of the development and the sustainability - with cutout for Great Amazon, Post-War, from emergence of the Information Society Global. This is particularly the socio-economic phenomena, and socio-political currents in Latin America, the Caribean and Great Amazon, from its urban world and its correlation with the field. It runs thoughts on the prospect of socialist revolution based on Social and Environmental Revolution, featuring the politically historic stage of high modernity when there is participation or non-participation of the individual and community (peoples, working class) and what are its effects on for capital, labor, state and nature - from the daily practice in the pursuit of sustainability (social, economic, political, cultural and environmental). It examines how the process of sociometabolic reproduction of current capitalist society deepens the alienation, ideology, and skepticism among the working classes and peoples of Latin America - which is manifested in the dialectical contradiction between individual and community via participation or political apathy. Filtered through the perspective of sociometabolic building of the rational development and effective sustainability through Socialist, Environmental or Ecosocialist Revolution. Throughout the chapters, the thesis discusses the emergence of collective action and social capital in Latin America and these may or may not influence the disruption and construction of this new societal formation, since the mechanism of mobilization, involvement and political and critical participation of the communities, and of social and political subject of the revolution in the macro region. Some theoretical and methodological contributions to the field of Historical and Dialectical Materialism and General Systems Theory are promoted in the work. The theoretical contributions are articulated around interpretations and formulations such as the rational and effective sustainability, within and between dialectical permanent; socialism or extermination; “hecatombstagflation”; environmental revolution, hyper-alienation; super-ideology; ultra-skepticism; revolutionary social capital, among others. The methodological contributions arise from the junction of the method of study, analysis and interpretation of Historical Dialectic Materialism (HDM) and General Systems Theory (GST), articulated in the formulations: Historical Ecological Cybernated System (HECS); Dialectical Materialism and Historical Systemic (DMHS), which allow for greater analytical power and explanatory observations, readings and interpretations of facts, phenomena and situations addressed in this research. Weaving a wireless connection between the elements that deal with the capitalist development in high modernity - from the individual and the collectivity forward to the radicalization of alienation, ideology, and skepticism in the Global Informational Society - setting the phenomenon of development from a Marxist theoretical framework. The work discusses the relevance of the Socialist Revolution and the perspective of the Environmental Revolution, and the potential, limitations and opportunities of a Program of Transition to Socialism Ecological, Environmental or Ecosocialist, because the process of sociometabolic reproduction of the current corporate development and the tensions surrounding the real prospect of sustainability - precisely between Great Amazon building a new vision of cultural, socioeconomic, environmental and political-institutional which begins to emerge and tends to swell in coming decades of the century.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biodiversidade da Amazônia e mercados locais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-04-04) MONTEIRO, Raimunda; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The study Amazonian Biodiversity and local Markets analyzes the tendencies of the diversified use of the Amazonian Biodiversity in the conceptual bases of development and sustainable production and the potentiality of the local markets as strategic ally. This research sustains that the Amazonian economy can profit from the tendencies of increase in value for natural products, but founded on the high value set on knowledge and involvement of the local population by strengthening the position of the region in its relationships with the national and global markets. A large number of products derived from Amazonian raw materials has been identified, as well as an expressive variety of industrial uses and a favorable, local, national and international atmosphere. There is a conclusive evidence that big enterprises still look upon the external market as their main target inasmuch as the local cooperation ties can still be deemed fragile. The consumers in the city of Belém indicate that the local market is receptive to new products, but it has its own characteristics that demand a renegotiation on the non-traditional trends and uses. And it is well known that the development of an economy system set on diversified bases demands the construction of productive and institutional links as well as adequate public policies, without which many of the emerging initiatives are likely to be unsuccessful.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desmatamento em territórios tradicionalmente ocupados: disputas, conflitos e significados do reflorestamento e da restauração florestal no Bico do Papagaio Tocantinense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-16) BESSA, Mayara Suellen Costa; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
Traditional communities and Indigenous Peoples living in transition areas between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes are suffering pressure from the spread of forestry monocultures over their territories. The present work aims to understand the perception of indigenous people from Aldeia Cocalinho, in the Apinayé Indigenous Land, in Tocantins, and the Community of Quebradeiras de Coco Babaçu Sete Barracas, also in Tocantins, about reforestation activities based on projects developed in the region do Bico do Papagaio (TO), in the municipalities of São Bento do Tocantins and São Miguel, respectively by the companies Suzano and Nobleinvest. The research proposes to observe the reforestation projects of forestry companies in perspective of the traditional agricultural practices of these two communities, in order to highlight the contradictions of the corporate reforestation model, predominant in the Bico do Papagaio region. The approach of this research is qualitative, with ethnography and semistructured interviews. The thesis defended is that the forestry companies Suzano and Nobleinvest caused and still cause accumulation through spoliation, especially through deforestation in areas appropriated or acquired for eucalyptus and teak monocultures. As part of the consolidation of these companies over collective territories, there is a justification for carrying out reforestation activities, which create a new mechanism for expropriation of ways and means of life in Aldeia Cocalinho and the Sete Barracas Community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Discurso empresarial da sustentabilidade e governança: um estudo sobre a soja na Amazônia e a utilização de narrativas como instrumento de poder e dominação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-23) SANTOS, Brenda Cordovil Corrêa dos; RAVENA, Nírvia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486445417640290
Large companies and their global demands put pressure on the local way of life in a process of commodification of nature and life, causing environmental damage and social pressures, which leads to reflections on the role of local actors and institutions in the processes of building social relations and changes in society. Understanding the relationship of the actors in this arrangement involves looking at how governance takes place and how the relationship between the large organizations, the State, and society defines the "rules of the game", which may serve and privilege the interests of some and restrain those of others. This research will analyze the construction of the corporate discourse of sustainability and the governance relations established around soy in the Lower Amazon region, identifying symbolic elements that contribute to the dissemination of narratives and rationalities different from reality and local ways of life. The importance of the study lies in understanding how capitalism and its historical transformations are reflected in the Amazon and its populations. The theoretical bases of the thesis are based on the contextualization of the debate on the emergence of the self-regulating market and the consecration of neoliberalism and on the concepts of governance, development, sustainability, territory and discourse. The geographical scope of the research is the region of Baixo Amazonas in the State of Pará - Brazil, especially the municipalities of Santarém, Belterra and Mojuí dos Campos and will analyze the performance of the company Cargill. This is a study of an applied nature, with explanatory objectives, transversal as to its scope of time, with a qualitative approach. The technical procedures used were a bibliographic and field survey. The Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework was adopted for the investigation of the governance structure, emphasizing the description of the rules in the institutional analysis. The research also used content analysis, with the support of NVIVO software, and discourse analysis to understand the corporate narratives present in Cargill's annual reports and Instagram and how they relate to what actually occurs in the territory. The thesis showed that the instruments for disseminating corporate actions propagate narratives that contribute to invisibilize and oppress local ways of life, besides not being compatible with the reality that is presented in the territory in question. The actions of the State (in its different spheres) point, in the majority of times, to capitalist interests, where governments have presented themselves as a fomenter of the economic vision of the Amazon, creating public policies that privilege the economic use of the territory, under the aegis of the term development. The annual reports and Instagram preach a notion of sustainability linked to the economic function and productive activities, serving the interests of the company. On the other hand, for the communities sustainability is related to food security, to life, to having food on their table and that of their neighbors. It has to do with ancestry, identity, and the right to choose.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Economia do conhecimento e capitalismo de vigilância: contribuições amazônicas para a inovação digital
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-24) GAMA, Jader Ribeiro; SILVA, Fábio Carlos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3704903975084467; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5266-9935
This work seeks to establish a connection between Surveillance Capitalism and Dependency Theory and the process of computerization and digitization of the biological collection of Herbário MPEG, with a view to showing how the massive process of capturing personal data through technological corporations called BigTechs through its computational platforms it has deepened both technological dependence and economic inequality between rich and poor countries. This situation is expected to worsen even further due to the intensification of the prey process of biological data on biodiversity with a focus on specimens from the Amazon Forest. It is a call for more scientists and researchers to take a more accurate look at this dynamic that has been consolidated through the so-called Knowledge Economy, which has relegated the role of mere users to science makers in so-called underdeveloped or developing countries. technologies coming from the big capitalist economic centers as well as data collectors to feed the scientific and technological industry of the so-called first world countries.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Firma chegou, pesou, levou, aí vai tirar seus bilhões (...), mas o agricultor não sai daqueles centavos: expropriação e resistências camponesas na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019) FERNANDES, Daniel dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8436207354089348; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
Whenever peasant formations are in some way in direct relation to sectors of the capitalist economy, the debate arises about their permanence or subsumption. In this paper I deal with this subject, and I present as a working hypothesis that the contracts made between family farmers and oil palm companies do not turn them into a class for capital, but they compose particular ways for capitalism to promote their expanded reproduction. Using the ethnographic method I show that in the Amazon the expansion of oil palm contains all the elements identified by Marx in what he called primitive accumulation, and that this does not constitute an obstacle to capitalist existence, on the contrary, proves Rosa Luxemburg's central thesis. According to Luxemburg, "As a historical process, the accumulation of capital progresses from beginning to end in a medium consisting of various precapitalist formations, and in constant political confrontation, maintaining endless economic exchange with them." Thus, and in view of today's context, the author's theoretical scheme is current and valid.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Formação de capital social e o ideário do desenvolvimento sustentável no mundo rural rondoniense: a organização dos sistemas alternativos dos produtores de Ouro Preto D'Oeste - RO
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) MOSER, Lilian Maria; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
The work aims to analyze the context and the performance of the Associação Alternativa de Produtores (Alternative Association of Producers - APA), organization founded in 1992 for a group of farmers of the municipal district of Ouro Preto of West, in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. With the purpose of supporting the projects of life its associated families and led from the ideal of the sustainable development APA stressed itself to overcome the crisis of the shifting cultivation among the migrating farmers, the ones which moved in the seventies and eighties by governmental politics in the Amazon Area, that implemented colonization projects and opened new moving frontiers by the construction of highways. The work reconstitutes the fundaments of the ideal of the sustainable development and the path of the development project that took those producers to Rondônia; it characterizes the institutional problems, beside the limits of technical nature with which they were confronted in the exercise of an agriculture of traditional feature; it reconstitutes also the motivations and movements that led to the foundation of the APA, verifying in what extension the values of civilism, solidarity and cooperation with perspectives of reaching the economic efficiency base the initiatives. Finally, analyze, starting from the results of primary research, if there is a correspondence among the ideals that forged the constitution of the Association and the reality its associates. In that moment it will be tested, comparing a group of associated with a group of not associated of APA, if its performance converges with the ideal of its foundation: if its politics is reflected in a larger economic efficiency, in a greater hope of sustainability of the productive systems managed by the families and, also, in a larger justness among them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Inovação como vetor da sustentabilidade: uma análise do ecossistema de inovação para a bioeconomia no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-30) SANTOS, Raimundo Victor Oliveira; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
The present research addresses the compatibility between the fundamentals of the dominance of the technological trajectories of the agrarian in Pará with the indices of the Objectives of UN Sustainable Development Gols (SDGs), in the 144 municipalities of the state of Pará. Starting from a theoretical framework about sustainable development, innovation ecosystems and technological trajectories delimited by Francisco de Assis Costa, an analysis is carried out using multivariate statistical techniques aiming to identify the determining variables for the dominance of technological trajectories in Pará municipalities and establish what this dominance represents for the goals of SDGs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Manejo da terra e fogo acidental na Amazônia brasileira: uma análise sob a perspectiva da Unidade Produtiva Camponesa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-12) CHERMONT, Larissa Steiner; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862
Fire is a constant in rural areas throughout the Brazilian Amazon, both as intentional burning and accidental fires, which entails a constant threat to human survival and the integrity of forests. The human activity of opening up the agricultural frontier in this region, characterized by the predominance of extensive systems of land management, consists in the main source of ignition of accidental fires. The phenomenon called fire contagion occurs when fire escapes out of human control and reaches neighboring areas of forests and rural productive units. The main objective of this work is to present a theoretical-methodological framework that adequately addresses the behavior of peasants of the Brazilian Amazon, more specifically with regard to their decision-making process of land management for production, as regards to fire use as an agricultural technique, as well as their reactions to the fire contagion in their units. The model of reproductive efficiency of Costa and the field theory of Bourdieu are taken as theoretical-methodological references. The subfield of peasant production in the Brazilian Amazon hosts the field work for primary data collection of peasants settled along the federal highway Cuiabá - Santarém, known as the BR-163 Corridor, covering areas of the territories of the Brazilian States of Pará and Mato Grosso. Statistical techniques, such as regression with dummy variables, tests based on Chi-square statistics and logistic modeling supported the individual and joint analyzes of the determinants, empirically identified as explanatory variables of peasant behavioral decision making for fire use and their reactions to fire contagion. The results on both subjects (use of fire and accidental fire) confirm the guiding hypothesis of the present work, which claims that that peasant behavior, as a decision maker of the productive unit is constantly influenced by the sociocultural and institutional environment, without however ignore their specificities as peasant units.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mensuração dos custos de transação e de transformação do vinho de açaí: um estudo sobre os "batedores" de açaí no Bairro do Guamá em Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-10-11) FERNANDES, José Luiz Nunes; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639
“Açaí whisk” is the term popularly used to refer to the small entrepreneur who works at a fixed point of production and sale in the cities of the Northern Region of the Brazilian Amazon. It is characterized, in general, as a point where, at the same time, the processing and sale of fresh açaí pulp takes place for different segments of the popular and urban consumption market in the region. On the other hand, economic theory usually differentiates between the so-called accounting costs and economic costs, with economic costs normally considered difficult to measure. Among the modern theories used as a microeconomic basis for analyzing the cost structure of companies, we can highlight the so-called Institutionalist Theory, which has made it possible to advance in economic cost evaluation strategies, providing conditions to evaluate them quantitatively from the point of view, including the measurement of accounting costs. As an objective, efforts were made to identify and calculate the so-called transaction costs, so widely used in institutionalist analyses, and to add them to the calculations of transformation costs, and, as a consequence, to determine the cost of producing 1 liter of wine from the açaí produced in ventures associated with açaí beaters in the Metropolitan Region of Belém. The metric adopted was Activity and Time Based Costing (TDABC). According to the general objectives and to provide greater familiarity with the problem, exploratory research was used. As for the method of data collection, it was designed to use the field survey. The result shows that, in the Amazon summer, the cost of 1 liter of açaí is R$ 18.93, in the winter, it costs R$ 25.60. Furthermore, when the firm is recognized as a governance structure, and not a mere production function, the market governance structure advocated by Williamson (1985) is the most prominent, which favors cost reduction. As a limitation, the pandemic scenario and the schooling of the scouts stand out, which, in part, limited data collection. Further research is suggested on the use of açaí seed, which has, as a rule and after wine production, its disposal in the form of urban waste, as well as, among others, the measurement or valuation of the point of production and sale of acai.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mídias sociais e desenvolvimento regional na Amazônia paraense: uma análise sobre a adoção e efeitos das mídias sociais digitais nas administrações públicas municipais e sua contribuição para a mudança do paradigma contemporâneo de desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-07) COSTA, Maíla Machado; SILVA, Fábio Carlos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3704903975084467
The development paradigm is approached in this thesis, from shared narratives and worldviews, as a contribution to its overcoming. The change of the chaotic state, in which the dominant narrative has led humanity, is glimpsed by the conviction that the power of social media can be directed to the conscious choice of a new narrative, capable of enabling the creation of a future compatible with the true nature of humanity. So, in a scientific effort to elucidate the bias of a new world of ideas and perceptions, this research seeks to know how the adoption and management of digital social media, by the public administrations of the contributes to the change or maintenance of the contemporary paradigm of development, based on the Sacred Narrative of Capital and Markets. For this, exploratory and descriptive research was carried out, of mixed method, concomitantly with standardized techniques of bibliographic survey, with systematic observation and with questionnaires and interviews, having, as locus of research, the 144 prefectures of the state of Pará. The results showed that digital social media are adopted by 95.8% of public administrations surveyed and that, as well as the worldviews of their decision makers, the use of these contributes to the conservation of the contemporary paradigm of development, aligned with the narrative of Capital and Markets. We conclude, however, that it is possible to use digital social media to promote paradigmatic changes, towards the so-called Narrative of Sacred Life and the Living Land and thus reinterpret the concept of development from the perspective of "one" concept for "one" territory as a result of a deliberate, balanced and conscious decision of the local people.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem espacial de vetores sociais em imagens de sensoriamento remoto para a leitura da diversidade estrutural do desenvolvimento rural da Amazônia: trajetórias tecnológicas em competição na microrregião de Tomé-Açu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-15) SOLYNO SOBRINHO, Sebastião Aluizio; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
In this doctoral thesis, a methodology for spatialization of social and economic data in remote sensing images is developed, guided by the concept of technological trajectories applied to agrarian dynamics in the Amazon, with the objective of contributing to studies on deforestation and changes in land use. The work is carried out from the land mapping of a large agricultural region in the state of Pará, and the integration of statistics from the IBGE Agricultural Census with images from the LANDSAT satellite in the 1995-1996 and 2005-2006 years. As a result, it appears that the integration of social data in remote sensing images allows a more detailed reading of the vegetation with the integration of spectral data to the economic vectors that determine agricultural exploitation, allowing to conclude that the application of the concept of technological trajectories with explicit spatial reference facilitates a greater understanding of the driving forces behind deforestation and changes in land use in the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mudança institucional e diversidade territorial na Amazônia Oriental Brasileira: o papel do mercado de terra como causa estrutural para o fenômeno do desmatamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-11-14) SILVA, David Costa Correia; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639
Deforestation is one of the main problems of the Amazon. The explanation of the causes of this environmental degradation tends to be done under the market relations (supply and demand), that is, with the use of neoclassical economic theory. By this theory, socio-environmental problems are reduced to market issues so that issues are considered externalities whose solution is the definition of property rights and the regulation of forms of use (command and control). In the case of the Amazon, deforestation would be linked to the demand for commodities that would act as an incentive to the devastation of new areas. However, the neoclassical view focuses only on immediate economic relations focused on the real economy (production, distribution and consumption). Thus, the neoclassical theory ignores the possibility of the earth being an asset with specific characteristics, with market and that can be transacted in the present or in the future, turning into a reason for speculation. Thus, this thesis raises the hypothesis that deforestation is a result of the constitution of land market. To test this hypothesis, this essay follows the theories of the New Economic Sociology and New Institutional Economics, which have the potential to explain the historical processes and the institutional changes that have taken place in the Amazonian territory that have resulted in the expansion of the agricultural frontier, expanding the possibilities of technological trajectories and in transformations in the institutional arrangements that helped to create the market for factors, including the land market, which is one of the drivers of Amazonian deforestation
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os Negros no agrário amazônico: diversidade histórica e contemporânea do campesinato paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-27) CRISPIM, Sebastião Novais Sousa; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
The thesis investigates the intrinsic relationship between the Black population and the agrarian space of the Paraense Amazon, analyzing the historical formation and structural diversity of the Black peasantry. The research demonstrates that the construction of Black race in Brazil, rooted in colonization and the capitalist system, established a pattern of exploitation that has perpetuated in the agrarian sector. The analysis recovers the historical centrality of the Black population in the Amazonian agrarian structure, marked by resistance to slavery, such as the formation of quilombos, and the pursuit of autonomy through peasant labor after abolition. The investigation details the diversity of the peasantry in the Amazon, identifying different historical forms of organization and their specific economic logics, centered on family reproduction needs. The thesis uses census data (2017 and 2022) to evidence the growing demographic relevance of the Black population in Pará, including the rural space, and their numerical predominance as producers in various forms of peasantry. However, the research also points to the persistence of racial inequalities in land access, with a concentration of larger areas under the control of white producers. The in-depth analysis of the prevalent historical peasant forms in Pará (CbO, CbF, and ReC) reveals that the Black population is the majority in the number of establishments in all of them, confirming the historical constitution of a Black peasantry in the most traditional forms of the Amazonian peasant economy. The thesis concludes that Blackness is a substantial and central element in the contemporary Amazonian agrarian sector, and the results reinforce the urgency of considering the racial dimension in the formulation of public policies for sustainable rural development in the Amazon, aiming at overcoming historical inequalities and promoting equity in access to resources and opportunities for the Black peasantry.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Passivo ambiental de nutrientes e matéria orgânica na agricultura empresarial de Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-24) GOMES, Vallência Maíra; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829
The intensive exploitation of soils of Mato Grosso-Brazil savanna, associated with inadequate farming techniques has taken to an increasing and noticeable soil degradation. As a result, grows among the large farmers of Mato Grosso the adoption of the no-tillage system. The environmental chemistry and agronomy allied to ecological economics and environmental management provide the interdisciplinary basis of this study, which aims to estimate the environmental liability of nutrients and organic matter of the soil in the mato-grossense savanna from the perspective of the economic viability of different soil management systems. After the identification of areas in which the environmental costs were or were not incorporated, was made the economic-financial feasibility analysis, considering the different types of management. The results point to a segmented reduction of environmental liabilities in areas where no-till farm system is adopted. However, in the short term, higher profitabilities is still combined with less sustainable traditional management techniques. However, other externalities are still associated of the no-tillage not addressed in this study, such as more intensive use of herbicides and insecticides, which may compromise its environmental results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Produção familiar de commodities em Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-18) RODRIGUES, Marcos; CAMPOS, Índio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9134366210754829
Soybean is the most important Brazilian agricultural product, highlighting Mato Grosso as the largest national production of this commodity. This activity in Mato Grosso has some characteristics as predominance of large farms, high capital investment, high productivity and strong coordination among the agents of the productive chain. Although historically these characteristics have excluded family farmers from soybean production, it is possible to identify these farmers in the rural area of Mato Grosso, raising the question of how they are able to overcome the limiting conditions for soybeans production. This study aimed to analyze the mechanisms of insertion of family farmers in North of Mato Grosso in the soybean supply chain. A questionnaire was applied with small family farmers in six municipalities in Mato Grosso to gather information about production, profitability and institutional practices. With an exploratory factorial analysis, it was possible to identify the factors that correlate institutional practices, also was performed the Productive Technological Index of Family Agriculture (ITPAF) with the factors scores, which analyzed the variables that most interfere in the technological adoption and profitability of the family farming soybean production. The results demonstrated that the economic viability of soybean production in small family farms is achieved with institutional practices that complement the technical improvements technologies. The presence of two markets, one for trading used machinery between farmers and other of contract services of harvesting, allows the reduction of investment in an essential machinery in soybean production, the harvester. Other mechanisms such as Rural Product Certificate (CPR), contracts of future sale and commercialization of soybean to the biodiesel program help the viability of production by providing credit, reducing exposure to risk and adding new markets for soybean negotiation. ITPAF has shown that farmers have moderate adoption to institutional innovations, requiring the diffusion of knowledge in supply chain, mainly with public policies of rural extension. Within family production, although economies of scale still influence the production of commodities, in general small farms can develop the commodity production and provide income to families. Identify institutional mechanisms that contribute to the production of soybean in family farming allows them to be disseminated and improved in the institutional environment, through public policies, consequently promoting rural development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Re-existências de mulheres no território agroextrativista Pirocaba, Baixo Tocantins, Pará: por uma comunicação agroecológica, feminista e popular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-08) REIS, Tatiana Nazaré Amaral Ferreira; GONÇALVES, Marcela Vecchione; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9274854854102856
Women from the Pirocaba Agroextractivist Territory, in Abaetetuba, in the Baixo Tocantins region, actively participate in resistance movements against the installation of the Private Use Terminal by the Cargill global trader, aimed at accelerating the export of commodities, mainly soybeans and corn. Women from Pirocaba dedicate themselves to working in activities such as agroecological agriculture, extractivism, craftwork and fishing, recording production in Agroecological Logbooks, instruments based on feminist economics, aimed at valuing women's work and production. It is argued that the use of Logbooks since 2018 has encouraged the productive and socio-territorial organization of Pirocaba, among other benefits. This thesis adopts action research as its main methodology in order to understand how counter-hegemonic communication, which opposes the hegemony of large media corporations, can strengthen Pirocaba women's resistance by promoting visibility of their Amazonian ways of life and the feminist and popular economy that they practice. In the first stage of the research, the potential of Agroecological Logbooks was investigated to support territorialized communication processes facing the challenges experienced by women of the Pirocaba territory. In the second stage, we proceeded to understand how large enterprises, especially Cargill's Private Use Terminal project in Abaetetuba, use “community relations” tools to defend their hegemonic interests. In the final stage of the research, conversation circles and communication workshops were put into practice with a group of women from the territory, resulting in the creation of the Vozes do Pirocaba podcast, an instrument of agroecological, feminist and popular territorial based communication carried out in a participatory manner throughout its design and distribution process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tjina ydubry gap pom mo (Nosso território com morro grande): histórias, memória coletiva e percepções sobre o território e a biodiversidade entre os Arara (Karib) da TI Cachoeira Seca
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-01-28) BUILES PUERTAS, Diego Fernando; FOLHES, Ricardo Teophilo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5612208724254738
The Arara (Karib) indigenous people of Pará, were particularly famous in the 1980s, when news became widespread from local media to national and international spheres, about conflicts between, Arara people groups with settlers and non-indigenous workers who arrived following the colonization and development initiatives of the military government in the 1960s. To continue the works and projects, the government created the Arara Attraction Front (AAF) since 1971. In 1982 and 1983, a AAF was contact the Arara groups that make up the current “Arara Indigenous Land”, and in 1987, was contact the last Arara group that inhabiting a current “Cachoeira Seca Indigenous Land”. Even though the limits of the Cachoeira Seca Indigenous Land were approved in 2016, the regularization was not completed, due to the setbacks in the process, and non-indigenous people, remain in the Indigenous Land. Taking advantage of loopholes in the process, illegal invaders deforest, traffic in timber, grab land, raise livestock, and exploit resources for exclusive use, ignoring constitutional and legal provisions. Another structural issue, consisting of the legitimization of asymmetrical actions of invasion and seizure of the territory of indigenous peoples, based on the rhetorical discourses of “empty territory” or inhabited by “people lacking useful knowledge for civilization”, has also taken effect, in imposition of economic and political interests. Due to the interaction of all these elements, and their continuity, despite permanent community complaints and the actions of institutions in charge of protecting the territory and biodiversity, the situation is framed as a problem of lack of efficiency and effectiveness in policies and actions of territorial protection of the Cachoeira Seca Indigenous Land. To contribute to improving this situation, we analyzed the forms of use of the territory and biodiversity, based on documentary information, the record of collective memory and the documentation of perceptions and the traditional knowledge collection of the Arara people of Cachoeira Seca Indigenous Land. Documentary review, interaction in the villages and recording in a field diary were used. Participatory and collaborative workshops, mapping and zoning, conversations, interviews and monitoring expeditions to areas of biodiversity use were also held. In chapter I, the historical elements analyzed are presented, focusing on the Arara (Karib) people and their traditional territory in Xingu Region. In chapter II, elements of the diaspora and mobility of the Arara groups are presented in dialogue with the collective memory of Tjibie Arara and her daughter Iogo Arara about of contact experience with the karei (non-indigenous people). In chapter III, elements on perceptions and the traditional knowledge about the territory and biodiversity use, for food and survival are presented. Maps and figures are presented with reconstructions of historical mobility; details of the fragmentation of the Arara groups territory by colonization and development projects; cultural and food calendars; and the ethno zoning of Special Indigenous Management Areas (AMEIs in Portuguese language) and Territorial Areas of Recurrent Invasions after the “Transamazonic highway” construction (ATRITs in Portuguese language).

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