Teses em Letras (Doutorado) - PPGL/ILC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6713

O Doutorado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2012 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras (PPGL) do Instituto de Letras e Comunicação (ILC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 18 de 18

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aprendizagem autônoma de línguas adicionais e formação docente em um centro de autoacesso no ensino superior
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-19) RABELO, Jhonatan Allan de Andrade; MAGNO E SILVA, Walkyria Alydia Grahl Passos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6129530461830312
Self-access centers are spaces dedicated to the fostering of autonomy in language learning. They hold a variety of materials for self-directed learning (GARDNER; MILLER, 1999; COTTERAL; REINDERS, 2000; DOFS; HOBBS, 2011). At the Federal University of Pará, this space is the Base de Apoio à Aprendizagem Autônoma (BA³), which offers different forms of support to the undergratuation students of the School of Modern Foreign Languages since 2004. The positive effects that BA³ has had on students’ language learning can be found in publications of the field (MAGNO E SILVA. 2017; RABELO, MORHY, 2019). However, there is a noticeable gap which is the potential self-access centers can have on teacher education. The Applied Linguistics literature shows that Brazilian universities give little attention to the matter of autonomy in Teacher Education syllabi, even though it has been studied for over five decades. Educating teachers so they are able to foster autonomy demands practical experiences founded on a solid theoretical basis, especially when one considers the complex dynamic character of the autonomization process (PAIVA, 2006; LARSEN-FREEMAN; CAMERON; 2008). This reason justifies further debates on Teacher Education with a focus on learner autonomy and, consequently, the contributions that can emerge from the establishment of self-access centers in universities. Thus, this doctoral dissertation aims at comprehending the role of self-access centers on Teacher Education. The objectives include identifying how the work at BA³ may have benefited ten undergraduation students who worked there as teaching assistants or volunteers. Furthermore, it was attempted to verify how their perception on language teaching and learning was reframed based on the experiences they had while working there. Finally, participants’ competence on developing autonomous language learning activities was assessed, as well as the possible roles the researcher may have had while mediating this process. The theoretical references of this dissertation covered different themes, which constitute the mainframe of a theory on Teacher Education with focus on Learner Autonomy: motivation (USHIODA, 2008. DÖRNYEI, USHIODA, 2011), beliefs (BARCELOS, 2006), language learning strategies (OXFORD, 1990, SANTOS, 2011), and language assessment (ALVES, 2005; CUNHA, 2006). Concerning the methodological procedures, an ethnographic research was conducted at the autonomy and self-access study group, formed by the researcher and the participants. Research instruments included observations diaries, meetings recordings, and interviews. Results showed that self-access centers are spaces with great potential to Teacher Education, as they do not impose restrictions and give opportunities for pre-service teachers to experience autonomous environments, both as learners and teachers. In this process, the self-access center coordinator may act as an advisor for language teaching, bridging the gap between theory and practice and encouraging this practice by creating an atmosphere of experimentation and collaboration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Apropriação teórica e formação de professores na graduação em Letras: o processo enunciativo em análise
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-11-08) PEREIRA, Eunice Braga; FAIRCHILD, Thomas Massao; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1771292039081039
In this work we will present the results obtained from the research developed in the PhD program in Language and Arts of UFPA (Federal University of Pará). In this research, we will investigate the theoretical appropriation as it is understood as a fundamental part of the teacher training process. We seek to answer the following question: what kind of relation do the undergraduate students that are considered training teachers establish in their speeches according to the different theoretical frameworks presented to them during the language and arts course? The initial hypothesis is that as long as there is no theoretical appropriation in fact, the theory will not have a constitutive role in the students' discursive practices neither in their training for future teaching work. Thus, our general objective is to understand how English and Arts undergraduate students appropriate and mobilize the theoretical constructs taught in the course which will be or should be used in their future professional activity as teachers. The corpus used is composed of two types of academic productions carried out by undergraduate students: 1) Online didactic interactions carried out in a social network when it is re-designated as a teaching platform; these data are the result of an educational project executed in the undergraduation of Language Major in Portuguese of the Federal University of Pará for two years; 2) Written productions more common in academic environment such as internship report , essays and thesis, also held at Federal University of Pará. As a theoretical contribution, we work with The Polyphonic Theory of Ducrot (1987) and also the Theory of Semantic Blocks (TSB) by the same author; we also applied the Authier-Revuz framework (1990, 1998, 2004) on discursive heterogeneities; we also resort to some features of Foucault's enunciative analysis (1999, 2014), mainly the concepts of ritual and discipline. The results of the research show that training teachers tend to trace theory in their academic productions in a superficial and ritualistic way, we mean that, the appropriation is not fully solidified yet, consequently, theory is used more as a base form than a constitutive role.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação formativa como estratégia de desenvolvimento profissional de professores de português língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-01-01) SILVA, Fernanda Sousa e; CUNHA, Myriam Crestian Chaves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0057919162522146; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9635-5054
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuições do paradigma da complexidade no desenvolvimento de estratégias motivacionais empregadas no aconselhamento linguageiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-27) MATOS, Maria Clara Vianna Sá e; SILVA, Walkyria Alydia Grahl Passos Magno e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6129530461830312
Recent studies see motivation for learning an additional language as a complex system. This way, nothing is examined in isolation; connections among system components are valued as they become conglomerates of factors that mutually influence each other; and, motivation is investigated through interwoven relations among agents, elements and phenomena, as well as patterns of behavior and transformations. The overall goal of this study is to offer insights to become better equipped to deal with motivation under such perspective in language learning advising circunstances. Our specific objectives involve mapping motivation in action during a language advising trajectory in order to observe the influence of contextual factors on the osci-lation of the motivational process; verifying the implementation motivational strategies that follow these perceptions; as well as identifying patterns of behavior and transformations that are linked to their practice. Our theoretical framework is based on Borgatti (2008), Mariotti (2010), Osorio (2013), Capra and Luisi (2015) who clarify complex system principles; Larsen-Freeman and Cameron (2008) who foster the understanding of complex systems for applied linguists; Dörnyei and Ushioda (2011) who approach motivation as a dynamic and complex phenomenon; Mozzon-Mcpherson (2001), Carson and Mynard (2012), and Kato and Mynard (2012) who present language learning advising as support for students to learn a new language through dialogue, reflection and action in more effective and autonomous manners. We carried out a longitudinal qualitative research, employing empirical, descriptive and interpretative mo-ves. As for a qualitative research method, we chose a mixed approach of action research (THI-OLLENT, 2011) and case study (YIN, 2016). In this setting, results indicate that dealing with motivation involves exploring interpersonal relationships and experiences that favour language learning and their dynamic, patterned and connected aspects. Besides this, in our study moti-vational strategies were coconstructed and fostered collaborative network to protect motivation. The observed transformations embraced language learning advising encounters and other acti-vities experimented by the language advisor and the advisee.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Correndo terra... Furando mundos... : as culturas na escrita de graduandos do PARFOR-Letras no Marajó
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-30) SILVA, Herodoto Ezequiel Fonseca da; FAIRCHILD, Thomas Massao; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1771292039081039
This thesis aims to investigate how the academic, school and local cultures materialize in discourse in writings about the Portuguese Language teaching practices of PARFOR Portuguese students, in Marajó. The data analyzed are selected statements from experience diaries, teaching activities and internship reports. In this sense, we sought to discuss how the writing indicates the discursive movements through which one perceives the process of formation of the Portuguese Language teacher. In the first part of the thesis, besides the introductory chapter, researches already developed about the formation of the Portuguese Language teacher in the context of PARFOR are discussed. In the second part of the thesis, the theoretical and methodological framework of the research was developed. In this part, the nature of the research, the presentation of the place and the research subjects, the process of material collection, the constitution of the corpus and the data analysis protocol are presented. Some concepts of “culture” and the notion of “cultural hybridization” are discussed. As theoretical basis, the notions of "statement" and "dialogic relations" are approached from the studies of Foucault (2016), Bakhtin / Volochínov (2009) and Bakhtin (2011; 2013). Then we discuss the concept of “interdiscourse”, through the theoretical proposals of Pêcheux (1995), Courtine (1981) and Maingueneau (1997; 2005). Likewise, some mechanisms that function as “apparent forms of constitutive heterogeneity” are presented, which help to account for the linguistic materiality of the data, through the studies of Ducrot (1987) and Authier-Revuz (1990; 2004). The third part of the thesis is dedicated to the presentation of the analyzes and its results. The analyzes sought, firstly, to characterize the elements that inscribe the referred cultures in discourse and, later, to analyze the statement movements through which these cultures are articulated in the writings of the undergraduates. It was observed that there was a predominance of three types of dialogical relations among academic, school and local cultures: juxtaposition relations of cultural elements, relations based on the construction of culture simulacrum, and controversial relations between cultures. The academic and school cultures are in constant conflict of forces, yielding to controversial relations between them. The elements of local culture are, in most cases, managed by the individuals as objects of the processes of translation, silencing, and interdiction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A didática do plurilinguismo e o repertório linguístico discente no ensino-aprendizagem do Português língua estrangeira: um encontro entre proficiência e formação para diversidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-30) CUNHA FILHO, Francisco Arimir Alves; CUNHA, José Carlos Chaves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3117544056791050
The main objective of this work is to ascertain to what extent a plurilingual didactic favors the learning of Portuguese as a foreign language in linguistically and culturally heterogeneous classes. Our data was generated from the recording of several didactical situations and interviews with students who evaluated the practices at the beginning until the end of the course. We chose to follow the qualitative model for data generation, description and analysis (CROKER, 2009; OLIVEIRA, 2015; DÖRNYEI, 2007). In addition, we use the multi-method approach to establish a dialogue between teaching actions and students' considerations (CRESWELL; CLARK, 2011; OLIVEIRA, 2015; SPRATT; WALKER; ROBISON, 2004). Action research is associated with ethnographic research (THIOLLENT, 2000; MONTAGNEMACAIRE, 2007; DÖRNYEI, 2007; JOHNSON, 1995). In relation to theoretical references, we utilize the concept of pluricultural and plurilingual competence, with a focus on linguistic, psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic aspects of hers (PY, 1991; DABÈNE, 1994; DEPREZ, 1994; MOORE, 1995; CASTELLOTTI; MOORE, 1997; COSTE; MOORE; ZARATE, 1997, 2009; CONSELHO DA EUROPA, 2001). In this perspective, we highlight the notion of linguistic repertoire of the plurilingual individual. Also, we betake the didactic and methodological guidelines of the actional approach and plural practices - gathered in so-called didactics of plurilingualism - to guide activities with the students (PICCARDO, 2014; CONSELHO DA EUROPA, 2001; BOURGUIGNON, 2012; PUREN, 2002; BLANCHET, 2014; CASTELLOTTI, 2010; CANDELIER, 2008; MEISSNER, 2002b). These ones come from African and Caribbean countries. They are plurilingual, two or more languages speaker. We take in account these prior knowledges to favor and improve their learning. We put in place actions susceptible to create a propitious environment to plurilingual practices. Throughout the course, we verified group's the more open positioning with regard to the didactics of plurilingualism: the alternation of languages, previously reserved, gradually became shared with us; little by little, students also started to understand and appreciate all their languages, no more barriers to learning, but partners in this process. These and others results through this research-action led us to consider viable and important the insertion of students‘ prior linguistic capital during their learning of portuguese, either to learn more effectively or to help them to become persons who respect all languages and cultures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Emergência da identidade profissional na formação inicial de professores de inglês: um estudo sob o viés da teoria da complexidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-09-30) GAIGNOUX, Kelly Cristina Marques; SILVA, Walkyria Alydia Grahl Passos Magno e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6129530461830312
The process of becoming a teacher of an additional language reveals different faces. In the contemporary world, it is a challenge to foster reflective and critical professionals who can question themselves as social and professional individuals, the ones that are always problematizing reality to take a stand politically, culturally, and economically in the contexts they work. Thus, this research proposes as a general objective to comprehend the development of the professional identity in English Language undergraduate students from the campus of the Federal University of Pará in Bragança (PA), during the last four academic semesters, from the perspective of Complexity Theory. To substantiate our discussion on the notions of subject and identity, we sought support in the studies of Bakhtin (2006 [1929]), Bauman (2005), Block (2007), Giddens (2002), Hall (2006), Moita Lopes (2002), and Resende (2009). In the field of professional identity, we concentrated on the writings of Tardif (2014 [2002]), Pimenta (2010), and Pimenta & Lima (2012). On the paradigms in teacher training and apprenticeship concepts, our discussion is underpinned by Ghedin (2006), Libâneo (2006), Pimenta (2006), and Pimenta & Lima (2006). In the scope of English teacher education, the researches of Burns (2017), Freeman (2002), Freeman, Orzulack & Morrissey (2009), Graves (2009), Gimenez & Furtoso (2008), Johnson (2009a; 2009b), Paiva (2003), Richards (2002), among others, led the discussion around teaching concepts, the knowledge base in second language teacher education, and the English Language program. The studies by Almeida Filho (2005 [1993]), Bandeira (2015), Basso (2001), Bricks (2019), Coelho (2019), Lima (2013), Sant'ana (2007; 2017), Santana (2005), Santana & Ortiz Alvarez (2015), and Souza & Souza (2013; 2015), regarding competencies, also underlay our reflections. As regards the beliefs, we are endorsed by Barcelos (2006a; 2007; 2011; 2015). Perceiving the initial teacher education as a complex adaptive system, we sustain our discussion in Bertalanffy's (2009 [1968]) General Systems Theory, in Larsen-Freeman and Cameron (2008) on Complex Adaptive Systems, and in Borges (2016), whose chaotic model of reflective development of the additional language teacher’s professionalism helped us understand the reorganization of the last two apprenticeship terms. We applied a qualitative approach from an ethnographic perspective, focusing on the participants' experiences. Case study and documentary research were our methodological procedures. The data were constituted from narratives, apprenticeship reports, lesson plans, and daily audio recorded by the nine participants of this research. The results showed that, in the learning-teaching system dynamics, beliefs emerge as their trajectory’s most influencing elements. In the interaction with other systems, such as apprenticeship, school, and teaching, these beliefs expand in the learning-teaching system. Different attractors are evident in the teaching system, especially in the construction of the methodology applied by the participants. Moreover, in the professional identity system, we notice attractors related to the construction of teachers’ knowledge and competences. The data also revealed that the traditional model of supervised apprenticeship, supported by the course pedagogical syllabus, is not ideal for the development of a professional identity that aims at the critical reflection. However, the interaction of the learning-teaching system with other systems favored the participants’ action and brought out possibilities of new paths and initial conditions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ensino e aprendizagem de línguas adicionais na complexidade: a emergência do método por projetos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-22) CARNEIRO, Tiago da Fonseca; MAGNO E SILVA, Walkyria Alydia Grahl Passos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6129530461830312; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8572-147X
Project-Based Learning (PBL) has increasingly garnered attention in both international and national discussions as it aims to bring students closer to everyday issues of high relevance in their communities, as well as to 21st-century life skills and competencies. This approach allows the learning of school content to emerge from reflecting on these community problems and challenges (Bender, 2014). Thus, PBL meets the demands outlined in the Brazilian National Common Core Curriculum (BNCC) by making learning meaningful in its context and time. However, in the context of additional language teaching and learning (ALTL), the absence of a Project-Based Method (PBM) grounded in discussions specific to Applied Linguistics (AL) poses challenges for teachers in its implementation, particularly when considering the classroom as a complex adaptive system (CAS). In view of this, the general objective of this study is to propose the PBM in light of complexity theory. Specifically, the following objectives were met: 1) to situate the PBM within AL by referencing the approach from which it derives, namely the Multiple Intelligences Approach; 2) to describe how the design of the PBM functions as an initial condition for PBL; and 3) to indicate how viewing the classroom as a hologram can support teachers in using the PBM as a complex method. Regarding the methodology, we conducted action research with first-year high school students at a public school in Belém, employing the following research instruments: focus group, observation protocol, and evaluation protocol. The results indicate that the PBM proposal and the suggestion of underlying procedures mitigated the difficulty of incorporating elements of PBL into ALTL, particularly due to the emergence of the managerial axis. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the PBM should operate as an initial condition, with its design being open to contingencies, and that viewing the classroom as a hologram facilitates the retroactive adaptation of the method's design. Prospectively, we hope that the PBM can support the implementation of a bilingual curriculum at the aforementioned school, as it can be utilized as a method within another approach, namely Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fluência em leitura oral, compreensão e hábitos de leitura: influência da leiturabilidade no desempenho em textos narrativos e informativos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-08) MOUTINHO, Michell Gadelha; PICANÇO, Gessiane Lobato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8504849027565119; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5699-1470
This research aims to investigate, from two dimensions of oral reading fluency (rate and accuracy), the performance of 6th and 9th graders from public and private schools from Belém in reading narrative and informative texts (extracted from textbooks adequate for both grades) with different Readability levels. Moutinho (2016) noticed in his research that students’ performances in relation to accuracy in oral reading of both types is distinct, confirming previous researches (PAIGE et al., 2015). To evaluate more deeply these performances, it was used Curriculum-based measurement (CBM), which states that 1-minute oral reading is enough to assess global performance in reading. However, it was necessary to establish if the texts used to the assessment were actually adequate to the development level of students. Moutinho e Picanço (2022) observed that there is a great difference in textual complexity in texts from textbooks used for 5th to 9th grades. Considering this, in order to manage to more reliably evaluate students’ performance, the Flesch Readability Index was used, adapted to Portuguese (MARTINS et al., 1996) with the tool Coh-Metrix (SCARTON; ALUÍSIO, 2010). The research was conducted in seven schools from Belém’s metropolitan region, four private and three public schools. Each student read two narrative and two informative texts, one simpler and another more complex from each type, according to the Flesch Index. Moreover, to measure students’ comprehension, at the end of each oral reading, participants retold what they had read in the texts and also told, in a semi-structured interview, their reading habits. Results were divided according to the different tasks. To assess reading rate and accuracy, it was observed that both grades are below the stipulated level set up by research and official institutions. There was a difference between narrative and informative text reading for the 6th grade, whereas for the 9th grade the differences were inverted, as the complex texts been read with better performance than the simple ones. In the comprehension task, results show that many of the students had difficulty in retelling what they had read, especially for the 9th grade, which mentioned less propositions than the 6th grade. Regarding the reading habits, most of the students from both grades stated they read at home and are encouraged to read. Both the comprehension task and the statements from reading habits interview had no statistically significant correlation with their performance related to the accuracy performance, though data may suggest possibilities for intervention which can encompass all three variables, so that they promote development in reading performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Formação inicial de professores de Francês língua estrangeira no ensino remoto: a ótica da avaliação formativa no desenvolvimento do agir didático
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-28) ALVES, Luciana de Oliveira; CUNHA, Myriam Crestian Chaves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0057919162522146; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9635-5054
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Imagens do professor de Língua Portuguesa: A racionalização do trabalho docente em dissertações do Mestrado Profissional em Letras em Rede Nacional (ProfLetras)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-26) OLIVEIRA, Silvana Bandeira; FAIRCHILD, Thomas Massao; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1771292039081039
In this dissertation we analyze the images of the Portuguese language teacher inside the speech of a continuing education materialized in Profletras’ documents and required thesis of a master’s program. We presume that these images bring on a teaching work rationalization movement displayed in the teaching proposals that integrate these thesis. These teaching proposals are configured in a way to privilege the translation of theoretical knowledge taken as a standard such as “guideline packages” directed towards the teacher. Our intention is to reflect on the elementary school Portuguese language teacher re-qualification process at the beginning of the 21st century, when the nature of this profession and its relationship with the knowledge production processes seem to go through changes. The theoretical framework which our study is based on relies on the field of Discourse Analysis under the French perspective, with emphasis on the concepts of imaginary formation, discourse, discursive formation, interdiscourse, among others addressed by Michel Pêcheux (1993, 2012, 2014). We also add contributions from Eni Orlandi (2015), Jacqueline Authier-Revuz (1990, 2004) and Cleudemar Fernandes (2008). This research also presents Mikhail Bakhtin/Volochinov (2006)’s discussions about the “ideological” character of the sign and its particularities as a verbal sign (word), as well as the discussions about the sign in Rama (2015), which associates it with the notions of “guiding idea” and “writing”. In the Education field, this study relies mainly on the discussions about the changes that affect this job, in particular, the changes in the teacher’s career at the end of the 19th century and throughout the 20th contury . For that discussion we bring Michael Apple (1989, 1995), Magda Soares (1989) and João Wanderley Geraldi (1997)’s ideas. In addition, Maria Malta Campos (2000), Mariano Fernández Enguita (2001), Pablo Gentili (2001) and José Carlos Libâneo (2004) contribute to this reflection, bringing issues of teaching “quality” discourse and its different meanings which are a part of the change of educational actions. The corpus used in the research consists of: a) three Profletras presentation texts taken from institutional websites (UFRN, UFPA and CAPES); and b) eighteen thesis from the Profletras master's program (UFPA/thesis defense 2015-2016), with introductions and teaching proposals being chosen as the portions selected for the discussion. We found that the image of the vernacular teacher stands out for what it lacks, and in return, the master's program arises as an opportunity to fill this gap being responsible for the changing pedagogical practice and, consequently, his/her image. This framework of disqualification of the teacher, in turn, integrates a professional requalification process that relies on the institutional educational discourse, supported by a rationalization movement, due to the use of technical/administrative knowledge in the thesis teaching projects. These projects show forms of control that intend to: 1) switch from a theoretical framework into a technical knowledge; 2) share roles in the knowledge building process; 3) emphasize procedures, processes and teaching aims instead of actors’ building knowledge; and 4) Enhancement of knowledge sign (writing), speeches and images.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Letramento e autoria profissionais docentes: mobilizações de saberes e fazeres em contexto de formação continuada decolonial nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-04) BARRETO, Missilene Silva; RODRIGUES, Isabel Cristina França dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0226549641470972
This qualitative-interpretive research, of ethnographic and collaborative type, started with the following problem-question: To what extent does the "Sociocultural Practices, Languages, and Teaching and Learning Processes in Teacher Training" project (IEMCI/UFPA), hereafter referred to as "Sociocultural Practices," contribute to teacher professional literacy and authorship, and the implementation of decolonial practices in the classroom? To answer this question, we followed three teachers from the early years of Elementary Education from September 2020 to April 2022, in continuous training, within the Research Project "Sociocultural Practices" (IEMCI/UFPA), as well as in their professional contexts. Our general aim was to reflect on the mobilization of teachers' knowledge and actions in continuous training using a decolonial approach, based on the "Sociocultural Practices" Research Project (IEMCI/UFPA) and within a professional context. Specifically, we aimed to: a) identify the theoretical-methodological references of teachers working in the early years concerning oral language actions, reading, and writing; b) describe short courses implemented in the "Sociocultural Practices" project, as an extension of continuous training for professional literacy and authorship and for a decolonial practice; c) characterize the specificities of teacher professional literacy, authorship, and decoloniality in teaching practices after continuous training events. The sociocultural and ethnographic approach of Literacy Studies (STREET, 2014; KLEIMAN, 2005; FREIRE, 2013; 2017), the dialogical perspective of language (BAKHTIN, 2011 [1979]; VOLÓCHINOV, 2018 [1929]), and Decolonial Studies (LANDER, 2005; QUIJANO, 2005; MIGNOLO, 2005; WALSH, 2009; MOTA NETO, 2015) make up the theoretical-methodological framework of this investigation. As criteria for analysis, we guided the concepts of teacher professional literacy and authorship, and decoloniality, from the categories: ethical responsibility (BAKHTIN, 2011[1979]), conceptions of knowledge (TARDIF, 2014), and decoloniality of power, knowledge, and being (QUIJANO, 2005; LANDER, 2005; MIGNOLO, 2005). The results indicate that the professional literacy and authorship of the investigated teachers resonate in: ethical responsibility, consideration of others, class as a responsible political act, assumption of theory and practice, awareness of incompleteness, active responsive attitude, consciousness of teaching action, refraction of cultural identity in class, intersection of knowledge, evaluation and reformulation, estrangement of teaching action, awareness of change, reconfiguration of practice, unconscious teaching action, ethical commitment. Regarding decoloniality, teachers show traits of assuming cultural knowledge, promoting student co-authorship, confronting impositions, breaking away from the teacher-transmitter and student-receiver model, creative pedagogical alternatives, breaking away from hegemonic knowledge, demystifying knowledge, materiality of knowledge, interdisciplinary pedagogical practice, class innovation, uniqueness of knowledge, consideration of student discourse, awareness of knowledge built from a regional perspective, otherness, and promoting student engagement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mulheres indígenas em redes: cosmologias, singularidades históricas, resistências e conhecimentos em elaborações ativistas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-08-31) TOCANTINS, Raimundo de Araújo; NEVES, Ivânia dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2648132192179863
The present research offers an analysis of the profiles of indigenous women in order to investigate their discursive productions inserted in multiple networks. The starting point of this undertaking is the web, understood as a heterotopic territory for the writing of their self-narratives that tell the stories of the present through enunciated activists. In addition to this network, indigenous people undertake their narratives spread in other spaces such as universities, movements of political organizations and also in their poetics, spaces where art can be understood from its original perspectives. The theoretical-methodological enterprise is guided by the articulation between two fields: the Discourse Analysis of an archegenealogical character undertaken by Michel Foucault, basically in the definition of “device”. In this architecture, we use the association of the theoretical displacement undertook by Neves (2009, 2015) on the Foucaultian device, which resulted in the apprehension of the “colonial device”. In addition to this field, Decolonial Studies focusing on Walter Mignolo, Aníbal Quijano, Julieta Paredes and Maria Lugones are also relevant. In this endeavor, we base our analyzes on the understanding of the four lines that make up the Foucaultian device: Visibility, Enunciability, Strength and Subjectivity. These lines outlined by Deleuze (2006) make it possible for us to apprehend the sedimentations implanted by the device throughout history towards indigenous subjectivities. On the other hand, the self-narratives undertaken by indigenous women activists reveal the fissures or fractures they create within the device. From this theoretical perspective, the subjects of this research (re) elaborate their subjectivities and build resistances through making activists visible on the web.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil geossociolinguístico do Português em contato com línguas Tupí-guaraní em áreas indígenas dos estados do Pará e Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-04) GUEDES, Regis José da Cunha; RAZKY, Abdelhak; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8153913927369006
The present thesis consists of a mapping of the geossociolinguistic profile of the Portuguese language in contact with languages belonging to the Tupí-Guarani family, in indigenous areas in the states of Pará and Maranhão, aiming at contributing to the knowledge of the linguistic attitudes of speakers and the phonetic variation of Portuguese language in contact with five indigenous languages, which are: Suruí Aikewára, Asuriní from Tocantins, Tembé, Guajajára and Guaraní Mbyá. The theoretical-methodological assumptions of Dialectology and Linguistic Geography (GILLIERON, 1902; NASCENTES, 1953; ROSSI, 1963), Modern Dialectology and Geosociolinguistics (RAZKY, 1996; CARDOSO, 1999; AGUILERA, 2008), Pluridimensional and Relational Dialectology (RADTKE; THUN, 1996), and languages contact (WEINREICH, 1953, FISHMAN, 1978 and THOMASON, 2001) guided this study. The methodological approach adopted was inspired by the instruments developed by the National Committee of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil (ALiB), especially one of its instruments of data collection: the Phonetic-Phonological Questionnaire (PPQ), which has 159 questions. This questionnaire was adapted, including a request for the correspondence in the indigenous language for each of the answers obtained in Portuguese. In addition to the instrument, a Complementary PPQ with 37 questions was applied, aiming at the registration of phonetic phenomena specific to Portuguese contact with indigenous languages, and a Sociolinguistic Questionnaire of 21 questions on linguistic attitudes and metalinguistic/epilingual comments. Ten respondents per survey point, of both gender, stratified into three age groups (1: 5 to 10 years old, 2: 18 to 37 years old and 3: 47 to 75 years old) had been planned. The adults were divided equally into two levels of schooling (1st: illiterate to elementary school and 2nd: from high school to college). The analysis of the results showed that the Portuguese language spoke in these indigenous areas also showed influence of the linguistic substrate originated from Tupí-Guarani mainly in the speech of a portion of older informants (3rd age group) whereas the realization of the phones studied seem to be part of a speech continuum in relation to non-indigenous communities in the region (compared to Linguistic Atlas of Brazil – ALiB and Linguistic Sound Atlas of Pará – ALiSPA data). The results of the sociolinguistic mapping point to the diffusion of the Portuguese language and to a low degree of linguistic competence in the indigenous language among the youngest informants (1st and 2nd age groups), although there are indications of a process of awareness of these informants about the importance of maintaining indigenous languages from their communities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Práticas de ensino de professores de português-língua estrangeira: os impactos da heterogeneidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-19) SANTOS, Janderson Martins dos; PAREJO, Isabel García; CUNHA, José Carlos Chaves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3117544056791050
With this present research, we tried to contribute with the studies that deal with the teaching and learning of foreign languages / cultures in classrooms marked by the linguistic-cultural heterogeneity of the learners. From this perspective, we carried out an investigation to assess the impacts of the linguistic-cultural plurality of learners on the role of teachers in PLE classes. In particular, we investigated how the presence and interaction of different cultures have influenced, the planning, didactic-methodological decisions in the PLE / PEC-G classes of UFPA, and, effectively, the teachers‟ act, who participated in our study, in the classroom in that context. Our investigation was mainly based on theories concerning the teaching activity (CICUREL, 2007, 2011, 2013) and the didactic repertoire (CAUSA, 2012, CICUREL, 2011) and, also on the theoretical contributions of the French line ergonomics, and, in particular, to the dimensions of the analysis of the work, which are: the prescribed work, the actual work and the work represented (DANIELLOU, LAVILLE, TEIGER, 1983, AMIGUES, 2004 and LOUSADA, 2004). In addition, we have supported our reflections to studies focused on interculturality and intercultural approach in the foreign language classroom (ABDALLAH-PRETCEILLE, 2001; LEIVA, 2010; BESALÚ, 2002; 2004; WALSH, 2005; CONSELHO DA EUROPA, 2001; TATO, 2014). We used, as data analysis, classroom observations documented in audio and observation records, as well as interviews with teachers. The main subjects of our research were the teachers who worked in the preparatory course for the Celpe-Bras exam - between the years 2013, 2014 and 2015 - for the students of the Program Graduation Agreement (PEC-G) of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), which come from different cultures. Our research has shown that teacher action is impacted in different ways by the diverse educational cultures present in the classroom and that is associated with the nature of the didactic repertoire of each teacher. It also pointed out that in plurilingual and pluricultural PLE classes, the teaching practices based on a more actional and intercultural approach are more effective in decreasing recurrent cultural conflicts when working with such audiences.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O processo de autonomização à luz do paradigma da complexidade: um estudo da trajetória de aprendizagem de graduandos em letras-inglês
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-28) BORGES, Larissa Dantas Rodrigues; SILVA, Walkyria Alydia Grahl Passos Magno e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6129530461830312
This work aims to understand how the autonomization occurs in the learning trajectories of English undergraduate students, under the perspective of the complexity paradigm (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 1997; 2017; LARSEN-FREEMAN; CAMERON, 2008). Autonomy is considered a complex, dynamic and multidimensional phenomenon, developed along one‘s lifetime (FREIRE, 1996; [2006]; PAIVA, 2006; BENSON, 2013), subject to setbacks, stability, and advances. After a reflection about the existing models of autonomization in the literature (NUNAN 1997; SCHARLE; SZABÒ, 2000; BENSON, [2001]; 2011; TASSINARI, 2010; [2012]), this dissertation proposes a dynamic model of autonomy development as a complex phenomenon. The context of this research was the Faculdade de Letras Estrangeiras Modernas (FALEM) at the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), located in Belém. This multiple case study (DORNYEI, 2007; YIN, 2010) was developed in a longitudinal way, applying analytical and retroactive movements, comprising the undergraduate period of time of four English major students. In the first semester of the course, four participants with elementary level of English were selected based on their narratives written in the course ―Learning to Learn Foreign Languages‖. Through these narratives, it was possible to perceive the initial conditions of their English learning in the academic context. Along the following semesters, when the participants studied five levels of English language at the university, learning diaries were collected in which they reflected about their own language learning. Finally, continuing the study of the trajectories, an interview was conducted in the last semester of the course with the aim of analyzing the manner in which the autonomization in the English learning contributed to empower students, enabling or not a more effective participation in the academic and professional community (VYGOTSKY, 1978; [1991]; OXFORD, 2003; MURRAY, 2017; NICOLAIDES, 2017). Among the results of this investigation, the multidimensional and personalized character of autonomization was evidenced, hence it happens in diverse ways to each student in different time scales and in different contexts. The influence of nested subsystems such as motivation, beliefs, identities, and emotions was verified, which contributed to enhance or inhibit the process in focus in the learners‘ trajectories.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Rearranjo de valência na Língua Parkatêjê (Timbira)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-24) NEVES, Cinthia de Lima; FERREIRA, Marília de Nazaré de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4291543797221091
Several researchers described Timbira languages as Apaniekrá (CASTRO ALVES, 2004, 1999); Apinajé (DAVIS, 1966; OLIVEIRA, 2003); Krahô (SOUZA, 1997, 1990); Krinkati (CASTRO ALVES, 2004; AMADO, 2004); Parkatêjê (NEVES, 2012; FERREIRA, 2003; ARAÚJO, 1989) Pykobjê (SÁ, 1999; AMADO, 2004); amkokamekrá (DAVIS, 1966; POPJES & POPJES, 1986). In addition to the contrastive studies of Alves (1995), Alves & Sá (2000) and Alves (2002), Timbira does not have descriptions to compare and contrast some aspects in the languages of the dialect complex, especially those that are recurrent and productive in these languages, such as the valency changing process. In some languages, such as Parkatêjê, the phenomenon needs to be more studied, analyzing general questions that allow the research to be described in the other Timbira languages and later to other Jê languages (Panará, Suyá, Kayapó). The purpose of this work is to describe, from the morphosyntactic and semantic point of view, the mechanisms involved in the valency rearrangement processes in Parkatêjê, comparing them to those in other Timbira languages, in order to contribute with descriptive, historical or comparative works in Jê languages and languages in general.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relatório de estágio: a formação do professor de língua portuguesa no modo de narrar a aula
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-12) MORAES, Dione Márcia Alves de; FAIRCHILD, Thomas Massao; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1771292039081039
We started a research on the writing of reports in the supervised teaching practice, at the Universidade Federal do Pará, campi Marajó-Breves, Belém, and Castanhal, and the interrelationships between the writing process and the production of knowledge, specifically when dealing with the form in which the students narrate the class. In the reports, the student teacher makes images over the events of the class through writing. In this study, one of the hypotheses that we make is that it is possible that the form in which the student teacher narrates produces a polyphonic discourse (discourses that structure the teaching field) that highlights points of views that make clear forms of knowledge upon the role of the participating subjects in the supervised teaching practice, the school and the teaching. Such knowledge is manifested bt the selection or concealment of a term, and expression, the organization of an utterance, and so forth. Considering that the report is a predominantly narrative text, we propose to analyze it both in the sphere of the narration, where the speaker builds images of such interactions through writing, and on the sphere of the narrative, where the interactions experienced in class appears as the object of the report. In both, "action" is an accentuated element. We set up the notions of the spheres of both narration and narrative based on the studies of Todorov (2008); our base for the concept of polyphonic discourse is in the works of Bakhtin (2008), Ducrot (1987), and Authier-Revuz (2004). The concept for "action" is build based on Bakhtin/Volochínov (2010) and Geraldi (2013). Finally, we approach the way that the actions in the narrative sphere are linguistically materialized (and their relationship with the empirical status of these actions) based on the works of Castilho (1968), Travaglia (2016), Ducrot (1987), and Austin (1990). Our general goal is to understand how the report, as essentially narrative text, presents to us indications of the formation process of the teacher and how the knowledge, incorporated by the student teacher in its formative process, is characterized. To achieve this goal, we arranged the analysis of three reports of the conducting sections in two moments. In the first moment, starting from the narrative sphere, we discuss the action attributed to the students of the class and to the student teachers, and the report about either the content or the methodology used in the classroom. In the second moment, starting from the narration sphere, we discuss the ways in which the student teachers exhibit the actions in the sphere of the narrative in producing a text in which they describe those things. With this study, we answered two questions that we raiste. The first one being "when can we say that a report gives us clues of a process of knowledge growth?". We notice that, although as reports they are full of generalizations and concealments, they shows that produces knowledge about the conceptions of the teaching practice that guides the student teacher. The second question is "what can be considered as a 'good' report?", that we also answered. We conclude that a "good" report must fulfill at least two goals: a detailed and reflective writing, and a writing that undermines preconceived knowledge. The first goal is important to the student teacher to revisit his text and surpass his initial positions, reflecting on his data from the conceptions learned during the undergraduate course. The second goal concerns that the report needs to be understood as a practice in which the student teacher undermines his preconceived options, often "archaic and authoritarian", that he has about the subjects who take part in the class, about the school, and about the teaching process.