Dissertações em Sociologia e Antropologia (Mestrado) - PPGSA/IFCH
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/6623
O Mestrado Acadêmico pertence ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia e Antropologia (PPGSA) é vinculado ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Dissertação Desconhecido Castanhal: a “cidade modelo”, os caminhos e descaminhos do projeto de desenvolvimento(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-20) CRUZ, Laiane Helena Silva da; MOURA, Edila Arnaud Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2154370107837866; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0093-8464Inspired by developmentalism ideas, the Brazilian government implemented several public policies during the second half of the last century intending to promote economic growth, fueled mainly by industrialization. After the 1964 coup d’état, to integrate the Amazon region to the rest of the country, the government adopted several public policies such as road construction and generous tax incentives. This region, which was seen as an empty space by the State, began to attract thousands of migrants in search of plots of land. Thus, the goal of this dissertation is to assess the role of the State in the municipality of Castanhal within a political scenario driven by the ideology of development. The city of Castanhal, located in the state of Pará, is analyzed considering three different periods: its creation associated with the construction of the railway station of Bragança-PA, the revitalization of its downtown, and the creation of the Cupiúba rural settlement. This study was carried out based on bibliographic research and literature review about the history of Castanhal and its surrounding area (Bragantina region), as well as on socio-demographic, economic, and agricultural indicators collected from the following databases: SIDRA and Atlas Brasil. The results indicate that Castanhal stands out positively among the other municipalities that were crossed by the Bragança railway due to a set of investments the city received during the analyzed periods. On the other hand, concerning the social reproduction of farmers in rural settlements, there are still many challenges that need to be overcome. The State’s neglect, to which they are subjected, and the creation of the Cupiúba settlement as a palliative measure in response to their land occupation reveal how familiar farming is devalued by public authorities.Dissertação Desconhecido A dendeicultura em Igarapé-Açu/Pará: um olhar sobre as relações de trabalho que tipificam o trabalhador rural na Agroindustrial Palmasa(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) CARDOSO, Marlon Kauã Silva; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659The objective of this research was to analyze the work relationships that characterize rural workers in the palm oil agroindustry in Igarapé-Açu, notably analyzing Agroindustrial Palmasa. The palm oil agroindustry, at a macropolitical level, was territorialized in the northeast of Pará through state developmental actions in civil-military governments in the 1960s, planned by the Superintendence for Economic Valorization of the Amazon (SPVEA) and the Superintendency for the Development of the Amazon (SUDAM), and, it has a new impulse with the neo-developmentalism of the 2000s, associated with sustainable development, through the National Biodiesel Production Program (PNPB) and the Sustainable Palm Oil Program (PSOP). These led to integration projects, to obtain the Social Fuel Seal (SCS), between palm oil producers and family farmers in municipalities in the northeast of Pará. Through qualitative methodology, combining interview, bibliographic and quantitative data, we verified that the most recent public policies did not cover the economic activities of Agroindustrial Palmasa, in Igarapé-Açu. In the region, contracts predominate, but only for purchase and sale, an associative relationship, between medium/large rural palm oil producers and the company itself. In this way, direct relations between classes gravitate between medium/large farmers and farm workers responsible for working on the farms.Dissertação Desconhecido “Essa casa não é do INCRA, essa casa é minha”: efeitos funcionais e simbólicos do crédito habitacional em uma Resex marinha da Amazônia.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-01) ALVES, Débora Melo; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the implementation of the Housing Credit of the II National Program for Agrarian Reform (II PNRA) in the Caeté-Taperaçu Marine Extractive Reserve (REMCT), which enabled the construction of housing for a portion of the population. REMCT is located in the municipality of Bragança, and it is a territory where fishermen and crab catchers live. This analysis seeks to identify how the local dynamic affects and modifies the functional propositions of housing, which is also constituted by its symbolic dimension, which is inscribed in the life history of the actors and in the way of living in a Resex; and, if the housing policy in question enabled gains in the quality of life of those contemplated by it. The methodology used is predominantly qualitative, based on a bibliographical review, on the analysis of interviews with REMCT residents, leaders and technicians, and on minutes and official documents. Quantitative data collected on official bases are used in a complementary way, with a view to emphasizing the main issues highlighted in the interviews. With regard to the theoretical field, I start from the perspective of sociology that makes it possible to analyze the relations between State and society, highlighting the importance of actors, processes and structures, with emphasis on the social dimension (CORTÊS and LIMA, 2012), and through this approach allow to refine the understanding of the role of social groups, whose interactions have powers to influence the strategies, projects and results of public policies (LASCOUMES and LE GALÈS, 2012). The results have shown that the II PNRA Housing Credit policy has the potential to reduce inequalities, because the construction of housing for impoverished populations provides a roof over which to live and brings functional structures such as bedrooms, living room, kitchen, bathroom and water. piped, capable of providing more quality of life. On the other hand, the public policy in question did not consider regional or environmental aspects, and as it is a type of Conservation Unit, the implementation of the policy should dialogue with the issue of sustainability of the territory, also considering the participation of local populations in the construction and implementation of the housing policy.Dissertação Desconhecido A festa de São Pedro na Vila de Joanes, Ilha de Marajó, Amazônia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-26) RAVAGNANI, Luis Ricardo; SILVEIRA, Flávio Leonel Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1972975269922101The Joanes Village is a fishing village in the municipality of Salvaterra, in Marajó Island (PA). Historically it was an indian village and then a religious and military settlement gained importance and prominence in the local economy as a Real Fishing. The town has the historic site PA-JO-46, which consists of the ruins of the Church of Our Lady of the Rosary and wells of the colonial period marking the changes in time. Fishermen stand out as a craft group recognized and valued in the village for the economy that moves through them and the culture they share. In this work the look was focused on the "Feast of St. Peter" or "party of fishermen", as it constitutes a means of representation and sociability of the group of fishermen. Through ethnographic method tried to describe the different rituals that make up the party and understand the sociability of relations established between organizers and participants. I believe that the party is an important experience in people's lives and social groups and that through it we can understand and explain the various dimensions of society: politics, religion, kinship, work, leisure and economics, like “total social fact” (MAUSS, 1974).Dissertação Desconhecido O “interior” e as águas: entre paisagens, mobilidades e tecnologias de uma vida ribeirinha em São Sebastião da Boa Vista no Marajó-PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-20) LIMA, Joicieli Pereira de; BUENO, Michele Escoura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3126701924384242This research arises from an internal confrontation with my own identity, and so I question whether the people who live in São Sebastião da Boa Vista in Marajó identify themselves as riverside or not. However, upon arriving in the field I realize that people in their daily lives are not using riverside as an identity, except in certain sporadic moments, and what appears constantly is the “interior” category, which in turn will be activated i ) sometimes as something negative and pejorative, considering the entire historical and social process that the word “interior” carries with it, ii) or from the confrontation with the “other”, this category will be one of valorization and reaffirmation. From the practice of people's daily lives, it was possible to notice that they were moving whether through the river, the dry land, the mud, but that within this movement the notion of time and space to refer to what is close and what is far it was being mediated by people's relationship with different landscapes, mainly by the presence or absence of water, understanding it as part of their reality and their way of life, acting in accordance with this connection to their own daily lives. Given this, I try to understand what it means to be from the “interior” for people, and from this I realize that the State reduces what it means to be riverside to a way of life linked only to the river, but that when seen through the practice of life people's daily lives, not only the river matters, but all the waters and their variations will constitute the production of the perception of belonging and their ways of life.Dissertação Desconhecido Maretório: o giro ecoterritorial dos povos extrativistas costeiro-marinhos do litoral da Amazônia paraense do litoral da Amazônia paraense?(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-13) LIMA, Paulo Victor Sousa; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659This dissertation presents a reflection on the socio-anthropological construction of the identity of the coastal extractive peoples of the Amazonian coast of Pará. In view of this, the study aimed to understand how the leaders of the National Commission for the Strengthening of Coastal and Marine Extractive Reserves and Extractive Peoples (CONFREM) from Coastal-Marine Extractive Reserves (RESEXs) on the coast of Pará give meaning to the maretório, that by mobilizing it for the recognition of a singular identity, that of coastal-marine extractivistas, they are drawing a concept in practice - as an ecoterritorial turn. It is qualitative exploratory research, which involved a set of techniques and methodological procedures that include bibliographic research, documentary research, and interviews with semi-structured scripts. This material was analyzed in dialog with a proposal of conceptual synthesis of the theoretical field of social movements. However, given the specificities of socio-environmental struggles in the context of the Pará Amazon coast, there was a need to incorporate other analytical categories, such as socio-environmental conflicts and expropriation of the sea. Currently there are 30 Coastal-Marine RESEXs decreed between the years 1992 and 2018, and 13, are located on the coast of the state of Pará. The mobilizations led by coastal-sea extractive peoples demanding the creation of these Sustainable Use Conservation Units originated from socio-environmental conflicts triggered by the incorporation of the coast of the Pará Amazon into an agenda composed of actions, policies, and initiatives, characterized by literature as the ocean grabbing. The results of the research indicate that it was only in 2008, that is, a little more than a decade after the institutionalization of the first Coastal-Marine RESEXs in Brazil, that the idea of forming an organization to represent the socio-environmental movement emerged. Over the years CONFREM has been expanding its window of action and gaining recognition from the State and Society as a whole. The main agendas defended by CONFREM involve the demand and the monitoring of the processes of creation of new Conservation Units, as well as the access to policies that meet and recognize the specificities of the category. In different participation spaces, such as meetings, forums, and seminars, these leaders of CONFREM of the Coastal-Marine RESEXs of the coast of Pará present a claim directed to academia: the construction of the concept of the maretório. Based on these leaders, it was possible to understand that the maretório, as a concept, would be characterized as the necessary lenses for those who wish to understand the socio-environmental dynamics, which occurs on the coast of the Pará Amazon, of the population segment self-denominated as "coastal-marine extractive peoples," which is linked to the singularity of a way of life based on cultural, political, and economic reproduction amidst the fluidity of the processes of appropriation and use of common resources of coastal and marine environments and ecosystems.Dissertação Desconhecido Partilhando o sensível: práticas dissidentes de cinema na Amazônia paraense(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-14) ARAUJO, Gabriela Laroca; CARDOSO, Denise Machado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2685857306168366; SANTOS, Patricia da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3554364096207512; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-1311This dissertation investigates the democratization of audiovisual media in the Amazon region of Pará, focusing on the Telas em Rede project in Santarém/PA, which uses audiovisual media as a tool for popular communication to amplify the voices of peripheral communities and strengthen their struggles for recognition and rights. The study discusses dissident practices of audiovisual production as a form of countercolonial resistance, exploring the intertwining of art and politics. Anchored in Jacques Rancière's aesthetic theory, the research analyzes how audiovisual media can reconfigure perceptions, sensibilities, and ways of acting, both at the individual and collective levels, proposing new forms of political subjectivation and social transformation. The main objective is to examine the relevance of audiovisual media as a tool for struggle in contexts of popular organization and defense of territories, in addition to discussing the multiple meanings attributed to audiovisual media in the peripheries of the Amazon. The methodology used includes a multi-sited ethnography that combined participant observation, open and semi-structured interviews with members of Telas em Rede, and analysis of the audiovisual productions carried out in the project. The fieldwork was carried out in Santarém and was expanded with analyses of activity reports and digital materials related to the project. The research highlights the importance of democratizing audiovisual production technologies as a way of reconfiguring the sensitive, allowing historically marginalized groups to create their own narratives and question dominant colonial representations, articulating new political and social horizons. In this way, Telas em Rede seeks to reconfigure the perception of the Amazon space, not only as an area of exploration, but as a territory of resistance, creation and collective transformation, where audiovisual becomes a means of amplifying the demands and voices of invisible populations.Dissertação Desconhecido Peregrinos da fé na Amazônia urbana: faces do individualismo religioso(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-29) PINTO, Daniel Silva; MORAES JÚNIOR, Manoel Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2429279552706202; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-7671The study of the dynamics of religiosity in modern times, especially on the processes of individual identity construction, indicate more systematic and far-reaching investigations on the effects of modern religious individualism in the configuration of national religious fields; this phenomenon affects the size and measurement of traditional religions such as Christianity and, mainly, how institutionalized religion is affected in its ability to transmit its memory or authorized religious heritage. The analysis of such a phenomenon in Brazil, at its theoretical level, in this work - which could lead to the production of a sociological literature of religion with less focus on institutions and more on the individual in his free transit through the immense national symbolic-religious market - is centered on Danielle Hervieu-Léger's concept of the pilgrim. The figure of the pilgrim would be the symbol of a new religiosity - or could we call it spirituality? - at the beginning of this century, always on the move and with no vocation for traditional religiosity, accustomed to symbolic borders and fixed rituals. In the Amazon, this more fluid and deterritorialized religiosity can be better exemplified and identified in its urban dimension and with more intensity in the groups practicing those generically classified as New Age religions in fusion or hybridity with practices and cosmologies of the Amazonian religious imaginary. Its adherents or practitioners emphasize more a religiosity of personal search or spiritual development in contrast with the traditional religiosities of Christian transcendence. In turn, Christians, Catholics and Evangelicals, do not cease to manifest practices and beliefs hybridized with other symbolic-religious matrices, and even an intense transit, whether internal or endogenous, that is, between the diversity of evangelical denominations, (Pentecostal and Neo-Pentecostal ), or external, exemplified by the double or multiple belongings of Catholics.Dissertação Desconhecido Trajetórias docentes e formação continuada em relações etnicorracias na Amazônia paraense(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-04-30) FIGUEIREDO, Evillys Martins de; CONRADO, Mônica Prates; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6141735247260273The brazilian educational scope, in the 2000s, was marked by the advancement of public poli-cies for the afro-brazilian population. Among it, there is the law 10.639/03 that made the teach-ing of african and afro-brazilian History and culture compulsory during school education. From that, official documents from the National Education Council (CNE) emphasized the need for continuing teacher education as one of the main means to enforce what the law demands. In this perspective, the methodology of the present research was social trajectory based on biog-raphy (BOURDIEU, 2006; COSTA, 2015; LEVI, 2006; SCHWARCZ, 2013) in conjunction with the non-directive interview technique (MICHELAT, 1987), aiming to understand how teachers of school education, who attended a postgraduate course in ethnic-racial relations, were affected by such continued training and how they perceive it as part of their experiences pro-cessed in to social trajectories in the Amazon, state of Pará. This research had three interlocutors identified by the codenames Ayòbámi Adébáyò, Onyebuchi Emecheta and Édouard Glissant, who are postgraduate in “Especialização UNIAFRO: Política de Promoção da Igualdade Racial na Escola; III Curso de Especialização Saberes Africanos e Afro-brasileiros na Amazônia; Im-plementação da Lei 10.639/03”, promoted by Afro-Amazonian Studies Group (GEAM/UFPA) and financed by the Brazilian Ministry of Education. To comprehend the trajectories of these teachers, I analyze their biographical reports supported on concepts of race, racism, gender, morenity and place prejudice because the reports of their experiences, during and after post-graduation, were around the conflict in learning about particularities of ethnic-racial relations, especially in the Amazon, a place marked by an exogenous and homogenizing knowledge pro-duction that has fixed it on image like “forest” and “demographic void”, making its populations invisible, especially black men and women, in the face of the national axis. Thereby, it was possible to understand that during the continuing education, with the themes and debates, the interlocutors managed to accumulate new knowledge that they could take to their classrooms; during and after the postgraduate course, they realize that the subjects at school still see racism as isolated individual behavior, an idea in which they seek to intervene in order to appropriate the knowledge of postgraduate to rethink together the structures of oppression presents in eve-ryday life and school. This learning about ethnic-racial relationships also affected their personal lives, changing or maintaining their understanding of their social trajectories in the context of the recognition of the oppressions and resistances they experienced. Also, it was possible to understand that the knowledge transposition to the classroom was a laborious process, but ac-cording to the teachers, they achieved some success in attracting the attention of their students during discussions and activities around the ethnic-racial relations theme, something that, even on a small scale, influenced the students’ mentality.