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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alimento e fome: a contradição no processo do desenvolvimento da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, Augusto de; PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780073D7
Hith the concern to explain the relationship between the production of food and hunger in the Amazon region in its process of development, this thesis covers the period before Europeans arrives until our days. Approaches methodological and cognitive historical, socio-cultural, economic, political, ecological, nutritional (and bromatologic) and public health aspects as a way to understand the contradictions between the existence of food in sufficient quantity and quality to feed the Amazon population and the hunger as a phenomenon presents in large part of those living in the region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise dos efeitos de algumas atividades do setor da agropecuária ligados à bioeconomia, sobre a economia paraense: uma abordagem de insumo produto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-26) MOREIRA, Maria Glaucia Pacheco; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639
This study aimed to analyze the effects of certain activities in the agropecuary sector related to bioeconomy on the economy of Pará, using the Input-Output Matrix. The sources of information included the Table of Resources and Uses of Pará 2017, the microdata from the Regional Accounts System, and data from the Agricultural Census. The methodology followed the procedures of the National Accounts System, utilizing the tables of resources and uses and the input-output matrix, applying the Leontief Model. However, some adaptations of the conventional methodology were necessary to obtain results within a perspective attributed to a bioecological bioeconomy. To estimate the value of this bioeconomy, the TRU was reorganized by selecting certain activities and products related to bioeconomy, with the main selection criteria being products that are, in some way, associated with the concepts of a sociobiodiversity bioeconomy and that do not tend toward monoculture, soil degradation, or the process of homogenization, such as commodity production. After defining the activities, the product and activity coefficients were calculated to be used in the disaggregation of TRU Pará 2017, aiming to highlight the valuation of these activities. Subsequently, the Leontief matrix was constructed, involving intersectoral relationships of the sector, which supported the analysis of the degree of integration of this bioeconomy with other sectors of the economy of Pará. The results obtained show that, in 2017, the GDP of the activities selected in the study attributed to bioeconomy was R$ 8,363 million, corresponding to 5.4% of the GDP of Pará (R$ 155,195 million). Considering only the activities attributed to bioeconomy, the key sectors with high backward linkage values were: Forestry (1.150) and the extraction of rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.055). The activities that were close to one, meaning they are significant demanders of other sectors, were: Fishing and aquaculture (0.957); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (0.941); Food (0.932); and Honey (0.913). Forward, the highlighted activities were: Açaí (1.007); Milk (1.006); Cassava (1.001); and Other temporary crop products (1.007). In terms of multipliers, Forestry presented the highest product multiplier (1.41), followed by the activities of: Rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.29); Fishing and aquaculture (1.17); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (1.15); and Food (1.14). Among the employment multipliers, the highlights were: Forestry (1.21); Other temporary crop products (1.10); Rubber, fibers, and tannins (1.09); and Honey (1.06). For income multipliers, the highest indices were: Forestry (3.38); Rubber, fibers, and tannins (2.20); Fishing and aquaculture (1.66); Aromatics, waxes, and oilseeds (1.47); and Food from plant extraction, except açaí (1.42). The results demonstrate the importance of bioeconomy, even considering only some aspects, and provide public management with information and techniques for measuring the impacts of sustainable development policies through the promotion of bioeconomy activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma análise sobre o patrimônio construído do ponto de vista dos aluguéis e usos comerciais da rua João Alfredo – Centro comercial de Belém - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-13) COSTA, Fábio Lúcio de Souza; SILVA, Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821
This Dissertation work, together with the Postgraduate Program in Applied Economics at UFPA, reflects on the economic dynamism that occurred, throughout the decades, from 1980 to 2010, in the historic and commercial center of the Capital of Pará, in terms of the behavior and socioeconomic impacts related to the variation in property rental values, due to several changes that have occurred over time, through constant alterations in the use of commercial activities and their impacts, in addition to that, this work brings an analysis of the changes that this space has undergone, specifically Rua João Alfredo, a street that has a huge history of transformations since the founding of the city of Belém. The dissertation's methodology was developed, through research and interviews with agents, directly linked to the study area and, the data collected, were catalogued, compared and analyzed, initially, in direct relation to the average rental values of m² and the minimum wage at the time, which demonstrated a drop, at the end of the last season (2010), around of 80.62%, when it was evaluated that at the beginning of the first decade, the average rent per square meter from the downtown area, it corresponded to 9.03% of the minimum wage and, at the end of the 2010s, it reached 1.75% of the minimum wage. However, a complementary comparison research was carried out, in the same study period, between João Alfredo Street (section – studied area) and adjacent areas, evaluating the behavior of rental values between these zones, which showed the same downward trend, corresponding to 54% at the end of the last decade of the study, in relation to the comparison zones. It is worth mentioning that the research work was based on newspaper classified ads in archives in the Centur newspaper library – Cultural and Tourist Center Tancredo Neves, as well as interviews with business leaders, property owners and lessors. It was noted that the economic dynamism in that area affected the valuation of properties and, consequently, the reduction in rental values, partly because to the migration of residential use to other areas and the commercial dynamics of modern commerce, very focused on lowerincome social classes, mainly, with growing informality, unlike in past times, signaling opportunities to work, in the future, on public policies aimed at attracting investments and revitalizing space with ordering and search reintroduction of residential use, along with commercial activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação financeira e processos de controle de universidades federais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-27) MENDES NETO, João de França; DIAS, Lidiane Nazaré da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4706661632242562
This study aimed to propose the standardization of budget and financial management routines and the concomitant refinement of resource application control within the UFPA, through the development of a specific finance manual for Federal Universities. By analyzing the context of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), the study identified the need for a manual to standardize and improve budget and financial management routines, contributing to the optimization of public resources. The study focuses on the creation of a tailored finance guide for federal universities in digital format to assist administrators in managing resources in accordance with local public administration standards, along with legally mandated accountability. The research results highlight the relevance of the manual as a crucial tool to aid financial management in an environment marked by political and economic instability and the implementation of budget cuts and contingency measures. The manual contributes to promoting transparency and efficiency in public management and strengthens the accountability of those involved in the administrative process of available resources. Furthermore, the manual addresses essential topics such as fundamental concepts of public finance, relevant legislation, the main operations of SIAFI (Integrated Financial Administration System), budget consultations, GRU (Union Collection Guide) collection, and Treasury Management reports. It is expected that the use of the instruction guide, in conjunction with administrator training, will help improve financial administration in federal higher education institutions and promote efficiency in the use of public resources to meet the objectives of the academic institution in question. This investigation contributes to the field of Applied Economics by examining the financial administration of federal universities and presenting proposals to improve the use of available public resources. The manual produced is considered a tool to guide processes in the public sphere, encouraging transparency, accountability, and stimulating social participation in the oversight of these resources. The manual provides an opportunity to conduct research to provide information to managers and economists, and supports the formulation of strategies for the more efficient use of resources, contributing to the promotion of equity in higher education.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aviamento e redistribuição na Amazônia: uma análise evolucionária do período colonial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-29) SILVA, Luiz Gonzaga Feijão da; SILVA, Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639
The economy and the market are not synonymous. This distinction is essential to understand aviation, our object of study. The thesis presents an alternative way of viewing the economic system of the colonial Amazon: instead of emphasizing the market system or its elements, we adopt redistribution as an institution that dominantly promotes the circulation of society's means of subsistence. This redistributive economy emanates from the State's ability to receive (taxes) and distribute (payer), in a monetary system without coined currency, which uses genres (means of subsistence) as money. This way of interpreting the economy was only possible through the use of Polanyi and Veblen's institutionalist theory, which helped us to define the objective of the thesis in understanding how the economic and social structures of the colonial Amazon, that is, forms of economic integration (FIE), support institutions and organizational structure of society, were decisive in the emergence, growth and persistence of aviation as a financial institution. In this sense, relief is an adapted and coherent manifestation of the financial demands of the redistributive economy, that is, where credit (and the flows of financial resources) are carried out in kind and debt comes from non-economic obligations – which During this period, it uncouples it from market-oriented motivations. Throughout the colonial period, aviation presented several institutional variations, which are in line with the change in the social and economic structure (we highlight the Missions Regiment and the Pombaline reforms), as we defend in our working hypothesis. Among the main variations that we present as a result of the causal and cumulative, therefore, evolutionary process, we highlight commercial aviation, state redistributive aviation and commercial redistributive aviation. To explain these variations in more detailed Darwinian terms, we chose to outline the evolutionary process for the movement of some important resources, such as captives (rescue troops) and drugs from the backlands, facilitating the work of protected Indians (state redistribution) and families caboclas in constitution (mercantile redistribution). Thus, the layout is dynamic and diverse, resulting from its interdependence with the structure in constant transformation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados no Brasil e o papel do Bolsa Família: uma abordagem baseada na pesquisa de orçamentos familiares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) LOBO, Hiran Julio da Fonseca; VOGT, Camila De Moura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5931551158048124
This study focuses on analyzing the composition of Brazilians’ diets, highlighting the proportion of macronutrient consumption from ultra-processed foods and its relation to the Bolsa Família Program (BFP). Considering that the consumption of these food groups is influenced by inequalities in food systems, and therefore related to the socioeconomic and regional characteristics of beneficiaries. Using data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics’ (IBGE) 2017-2018 Family Budget Survey (POF), we applied a multinomial logit model to identify the variables determining the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods in the diet. Additionally, we employed the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method to analyze the impact of BFP on the consumption of calories, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The results of the multinomial logit model indicate that the consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods increases when households are located in urban areas. In these cases, there is a 111% increase in the chances of consuming more than 60% of calories from processed and ultra-processed foods. For the South, Southeast, and Northeast regions, the chances increase by 67%, 96.7%, and 83.3%, respectively. However, for the northern region, the chances decrease by 17%. Regarding the program’s impact results, after conducting PSM, the results indicate a reduction in the average of 2.42% of calories from these foods, a reduction of 1.88% for carbohydrates, a reduction of 1.85% for proteins, and a reduction of 2.32% for lipids. However, even with the program generating this effect, the average consumption of these foods for beneficiaries corresponds to about one-third of their diet.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Continuidade e descontinuidade administrativa: um estudo comparado entre programas de microcrédito municipais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-20) CEREJA, Fabiola Alves; PONT VIDAL, Josep; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4415362518177732
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Determinante associados à insegurança alimentar: panorâmica dos domicílios da região Norte brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-12) ANDRADE, Danilo Amorim de; MACIEL, Marinalva Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7097094334421162; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382
This study's main objective is to evaluate factors that influence the food security of households in the Northern Region of Brazil through a logistic regression model, this model classifies the dependent variable by the linear combination of the independent variables through a link function called lógite. The work data comes from the Family Budget Survey – POF for the year 2017-2018 carried out by IBGE. Per capita disposable income was consistently identified as one of the most relevant factors in all states analyzed. With each increase in per capita income, there was a significant reduction in the chances of the household experiencing some degree of food insecurity. This data reinforces the importance of public policies aimed at generating income and reducing economic inequalities to improve the quality of life of vulnerable populations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Dinâmica das organizações turísticas e o consumo de água em São Luis (MA) e Belém (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) GOMES, Eduardo Lima dos Santos; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
This thesis discusses the limits and possibilities of the natural water resource to become an opportunity of competitive advantage in the tourism sector, particularly in tourist accommodation organizations. From this perspective, questions arise about the place and role of these tourist organizations in the political and socioenvironmental water scenario. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the extent to which the implications of water consumption position the tourist organizations of accommodation, in São Luís (MA) and Belém (PA), the formulation of sustainability strategies for eco-innovation. For this purpose, the study is based on a review of the literature on theories that explain economic development from a Schumpeterian and Neoschumpeterian view, as well as the approach to sustainable development on the path to water sustainability in the tourism sector. Based on the literature review, a hypothesis was suggested and tested in the empirical part of the thesis through an analysis of the dynamics of tourism organizations concerning the implications of water consumption in these two amazonian cities in question. The methodology had the interdisciplinary orientation between economics and anthropology, through the development of qualitative research of an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory type with the procedure of the case study of multiple character. For this, the technique of semi-structured interview with the application of the instrument form was used. This analysis is based on data obtained through interviews-formulary aimed at chief executives of the tourism organizations and water companies. The results show that the strategies adopted by tourism organizations are merely palliative measures directly proportional to the optimization of financial costs. With this, the water issue, especially in the face of the possibilities of a growing water crisis, becomes important for research and, in the tourism sector, water can be an opportunity for sustainability strategy for eco-innovation, promoting the responsible and smart tourism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Economia social e solidária: mapeamento dos empreendimentos solidários eficientes nos municípios paraenses
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-17) OLIVEIRA, Celso Pereira de; SILVA, Harley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382
This dissertation aims to study the efficiency of Social Enterprises (SEs) present in the municipalities of Pará, according to the most recent studies and mappings produced in the country in 2013 and published in 2014, extracted from the National System of Solidarity Economy (SIES). The starting point of this research work is the following question: how to measure the efficiency of social enterprises present in the state of Pará only with data existing prior to 2013? The importance of this study lies in the possibility of a greater understanding of the Solidarity Economy in the Amazon, specifically in the state of Pará, from a conceptual approach of the social enterprises of Pará. The study seeks to measure the number of efficient and inefficient social enterprises that are dedicated to predominantly collective activities in the region of Pará. There is still no appropriate legal and institutional framework in Brazil to define solidarity-based economic enterprises according to their reality, and today there are still strong debates about their origin, which means that they need to be better understood both in terms of their format and nature. For this investigation, an efficiency model known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was adopted, through descriptive statistical procedures, which consist of a scientific method used to solve a problem. Thus, we will make frequent use of the data collected, in the form of statistics, from which the results of all the indexes collected for the proposed study will be presented systematically. As a result, it was possible to observe that social enterprises do not resemble traditional cooperativism, called third sector. However, the Solidarity Economy, through the ES, has been opposing the legal forms of the so-called Brazilian associativism and cooperativism. Throughout their existence, these social entities seek institutional recognition, in their design as a social organism, towards a space of recognition of their socioeconomic activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Economia solidária como estratégia política para o desenvolvimento regional: um estudo do Plano Estadual de Qualificação Social e Profissional do Pará (PQSP/PA) da SEASTER
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-09) COSTA, Everson Luís Moraes; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo
This dissertation presents a reflection on the State Social and Professional Qualification Plan of Pará (PQSP/PA) of SEASTER, from 2016 to 2019, with the general objective of understanding the perspective of a solidarity economy as a political strategy for regional development, present in the aforementioned Flat. As specific objectives, we seek to present a conceptual discussion on solidarity economy; analyze the relationship between solidarity economy and regional development; reflect on solidarity economy policies in the institutional field, with an emphasis on entrepreneurship actions. The methodological direction of the study was bibliographic and documentary research, with a qualitative approach, using as theoretical reference authors such as Singer (2002), Sachs (1990), Silva (2006), Coelho (2006), Cattani (2003), among others, in line with the object of study of this work. As a result, we can draw inferences that the PQSP/PA was structured as a political strategy for regional development, and an important tool in promoting work, employment and income, focusing on social entrepreneurship actions based on the concept of a solidarity economy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ensaios sobre distribuição, mudanças climáticas e produtividade no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-06) LIMA, Andressa Magalhães; ALENCAR, Douglas Alcântara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6019986023580234; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-998X
The dissertation addresses two articles that investigate different aspects of Brazilian economic growth and its relationship with factors such as income distribution and pollution. These studies offer an in-depth analysis of Brazil's economic dynamics, highlighting the importance of understanding the complex interactions between economic and environmental variables. The first article, titled "Brazilian Economic Growth in Light of Post-Keynesian Theory of Functional Income Distribution", examines the application of post-Keynesian theory to understand whether Brazil's economic growth between 2003 and 2015 was driven by wages or profits. The analysis concludes that the period in question was characterized by profit-led growth. The second article, "Growth, Productivity Regime and Pollution Applied to the Brazilian Economy from 1980-2016", explores how pollution, especially CO2 emissions, influence Brazilian economic growth within the context of post-Kaleckian growth regimes. It is concluded that the concentration of pollution has a negative impact on labor productivity, leading to a Brazilian economy under a profit-led growth regime during the period from 1980 to 2016. Both articles contribute to a deeper understanding of the determinants of Brazilian economic growth and offer important insights for the formulation of public policies aimed at sustainable and inclusive development. In short, the dissertation provides a comprehensive and multifaceted analysis of the challenges and opportunities faced by the Brazilian economy in its search for balanced and environmentally responsible economic growth.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégias reprodutivas baseadas em diversidade no campesinato amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-26) VIEIRA, Timni; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908; SILVA, Harley Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485109352201821
This research aims to examine the strategic meanings that various degrees and forms of diversification take on, in contrast with specialized forms, as observed in representative Amazonian peasant groups from traditionally agricultural areas of the region. To this end, an analysis was conducted of different strategies involving diversity versus specialization and the probabilities of their occurrences, their economic logic, and the forms they take. The empirical basis included data from interviews conducted in 345 family units in the northeastern Pará and metropolitan Belém mesoregions, covering 15 municipalities. The methodology considered the stratification of the sample into degrees of family development, area groups and available work, and groups of reproductive efficiency and diversity, with reproductive efficiency measured from the proxy of average rural income per equivalent worker.The allocation of observed and expected frequencies of families regarding their efficiency and use of productive diversity in different structural contexts of land and labor showed that, in general, these families seek to diversify their production, even if they achieve lower reproductive efficiency. Agriculture was the activity with the greatest participation in the average rural family income of families that use diversification, and this strategy resulted in a higher average than families that use productive specialization. Equivalent worker and reproductive efficiency variables are statistically significant in explaining the average rural income of these families. However, average area and diversity are intrinsically related and should be more deeply analyzed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Explorando o impacto do aumento do preço da gasolina sobre as despesas e receitas do Município de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-07) GOMES, Murilo Juliano Ferreira; FARIAS, Hilder Andre Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9699884561814969
This work builds a data exploration framework to analyze the main effects of fuel contracts the public administration of Belém-PA, considering inflation and tax relief scenarios. Based on quantitative models and the VAR methodology, the study identifies the determinants of fuel prices in the region, providing a basis for applications in other areas and regions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde em um hospital universitário no Estado do Pará: análise do faturamento de contratualização
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-17) GUTERRES, Helder Luis da Silva; SOUZA, Armando Lírio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8782066216945002
This study aims to analyze the billing behavior of highly complex procedures contracted between a University Hospital in the State of Pará and the Unified Health System. We also seek to determine the financial impact of hospital disallowances as it is understood that this is one of the difficulties encountered in hospital management. Regarding the methodology, this is an exploratory study with a descriptive focus and quantitative approach, divided into two phases: in the first, the contractualization instrument and its changes in contract amendments are analyzed; in the second, the evidence recorded in regulatory systems is presented and the SUS Contractualization Policy is extensively analyzed in order to construct a situational diagnosis of billing and hospital disallowances. Graphs, tables and analyzes are also used using summary measures (averages and dispersion) and analysis of relative frequencies and percentages. Finally, it is concluded by proposing a Product, that is, the creation of a teaching material project with guidelines regarding the topic studied to be applied continuously by professionals working in sectors involving financial activities in the HU, whose purpose is contribute to the dissemination of knowledge on this topic and, in this way, promote the training of those who carry out this financial role.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Informação pública sob a ótica do cidadão: uma avaliação da transparência ativa nos municípios paraenses à luz do relatório popular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-20) MACEDO, Carlos André Araujo de; SOUSA, Allison Manoel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5391186543607099; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-5959-6078; DIAS, Lidiane Nazaré da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4706661632242562
In the information age we live in today, transparency in public administration has become more vital than ever. Well-informed and engaged citizens are the foundation of a healthy democracy; access to quality public information is essential for them to perform their roles as overseers and active participants in government decisions that affect their lives. Citizen participation is necessary for the most efficient and effective economic decisions to promote an accurate allocation of resources, fostering trust in markets and thereby contributing to building a more prosperous future. This study explores the issue of active transparency in municipalities in the State of Pará, evaluating the quality of information provided in relation to an ideal model of citizen-oriented reporting - the Popular Report. Through the application of the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) model, along with the perspectives of Communication Theory and Disclosure Theory, we investigated the disclosure of information by municipalities in Pará in terms of active transparency, revealing a diverse scenario. We seek to contribute to the field of Applied Economics by offering data based on empirical evidence to guide the creation of public policies that encourage transparency and access to information. It was observed that real-time disclosure of municipal expenditures plays a key role in transparency. The findings support public managers and legislators by providing them with solid arguments to promote more efficient public communication adapted to the needs of citizens. The inclusion of the Popular Report in the monitoring structure of the Courts of Accounts is suggested as a way to promote greater institutional transparency. In this context, the study not only seeks to contribute to the dialogue on government transparency in Brazil, but also makes resources available to promote a municipal administration that is more accessible to citizens and participatory, in which the individual has an active role.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mineração e desenvolvimento local: benefícios e desafios aos municípios amapaenses
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-11-11) OLIVEIRA, Marcelo José de; MATHIS, Armin; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365078023155571
For forty years (1957-1997) the state of Amapá experienced a mining cycle that awarded good social indicators and the implementation of an important logistic infrastructure, resulting mainly from the appreciation of manganese deposits in the Serra do Navio region. However, at the end of the last century, the problems arising from the closure of mining projects, somehow, frustrated the expectations of regional development. After a period of declining mining activity between 1998 and 2004, from 2005 new projects were started, setting a new mining cycle in Amapá. In the lack of productive activities in the region, the mining sector once again presents as an economic opportunity to be used to improve the local and regional development. Today, however, the challenges are even greater, permeates not only by the overcoming of social and environmental liabilities left by the previous cycle, but also by the practice of such a more responsible mining with the community and the local environment, towards sustainability. With this approach that this research was carried out, which aimed at investigating the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of the recent mining projects in the city of Pedra Branca do Amapari and older extractive industries installed in the cities of Vitória do Jari and Mazagão. It was also proposed to examine the contributions and problems of small-scale mining (artisanal mining and extraction of aggregates) in the cities of Porto Grande and Calçoene. For that, were collected and analyzed economic, social and environmental indicators of mining cities in the last decade. In addition, considering the importance of the quality and action of the institutions to take advantage and maximize the benefits of mining toward development, were also investigated institutional indicators of the cities, as well as analysis of the government state performance about the mineral sector. The indicators found were partially favorable for the city that hosts the new mining projects - Pedra Branca do Amapari. The city of Vitória do Jari had, as the only benefit of mining, the increase of public finances, what not necessarily has become in developing or improving local living conditions. The other mining cities seem to be accumulating more losses (mainly environmental) than benefiting from the mining, which little contributes to local development. This scene would be possibly associated with the institutional weakness in municipal and state levels, constituting the main challenge to achieve sustainability in the mining sector of Amapá.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A navegação regional como mecanismo de transformação da economia da borracha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-11-08) MORAES, Rinaldo Ribeiro; HURTIENNE, Thomas Peter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7133222063843073
This thesis treats of the transformation of the Amazonian market in the century XIX, starting from the rubber economy, having as basis theory the sense of market transformation by Karl Polanyi - the author of the classic “The great transformation: the origins of our time”, published in 1944. It is, therefore, a work of economical history with theoretical fundaments extracted from the economical sociology. The transformations that were happening at the Amazonian market could be outlined in several spheres - starting mainly from the 1870's, when the regional economy started to interfer definitively in the pattern of capitalist accumulation. Market transformations occurred in the rubber plantations of Pará (rubber plantations of the rivers Acará, Capim, Guamá and Mojú, Marajó Island, River Xingu and River Tapajós - all of those of pre-capitalist phases) as far as the Amazon (rubber plantations of the rivers Solimões, Madeiras, later Purus and Juruá, in Acre - those then in the stage of capitalist economy), transformations in the profile of the laborers of the rubber plantations (from the tapuios to the Northeastern immigrants), transformations in the infrastructure of the cities, mainly Belém and Manaus, and transformations in the pattern of the capital inversions, mainly of foreigner origins. The regional navigation (from the so traditional sailing boats to the canoes, and mainly of the steamships) is inserted in this context as a effective mechanism, decisive for those transformations, although it was being transformed itself, also, by the economy of the rubber - therefore, a dialectic movement. Without the steam navigation it would not have been possible the accomplishment of the great race to the rubber plantations of the Amazonian area as well as without the use of the canoes, it would have been hard to move ahead through the immense igarapés net, river passages and lakes to supply the countryside, the cities and the rubber plantations themselves. The steam navigation is the great prominence of our work, as it was inserted in the Amazon, in 1853, by Visconde de Mauá, and being part of the technological revolution of the developed countries, it starts to be the most important means of transportation of the local trade - a simple trip from Manaus to Belém on the traditional navigation took two months on average. As for the steamship the same trip was made in about 10 days. The steam navigation introduced the Amazon in the concrete sense of the technological, cultural and economical revolution of the developed countries. The steam navigation company, Amazon River, founded in 1912, was the most innovator enterprise of the rubber economy and during the whole first half of the XX century.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pobreza multidimensional na Amazônia Legal: uma perspectiva das atividades econômicas ambientais entre 2000 e 2010
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-15) OLIVEIRA, Rickson Nixon Barbosa; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382
The Legal Amazon encompasses nine states (Amazonas, Amapá, Acre, Rondônia, Roraima, Pará, Tocantins, Maranhão, and Mato Grosso), comprising 772 municipalities and the Amazon rainforest, rich in natural resources. The dynamics between individuals and the re gion's resources are evident in the diverse environmental economic activities, ranging from agriculture, livestock, mineral extraction, and forest production to activities that seek to reduce or cause environmental impact. Previous studies, such as Celenta no (2010), Diniz (2007), Sousa (2016), Rosa (2021), and Kageyama (2006), identified that the Amazon region presents high levels of multidimensional poverty, with deficiencies in health, education, and housing conditions. Therefore, this research aims to in vestigate multidimensional poverty in environmental economic activities between 2000 and 2010, to identify whether multidimensional poverty is higher in environmental activities compared to non environmental activities. Thus, the central question of this s tudy is: In which environmental economic activities is multidimensional poverty expressed most prominently? The database used was the Brazilian Demographic Census, and the CNAE 2.0 classification was used to identify environmental economic activities. The Alkire Foster method of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was used to calculate poverty, and Moran's I statistic was used to identify spatial correlations of the MPI between municipalities. The research shows that multidimensional poverty is more pr onounced in activities related to agriculture, livestock, fishing, aquaculture, and forest production. Specifically, in the groups of temporary and permanent crop activities. The states of Mato Grosso and Tocantins are where the MPI is lower compared to th e other states, and the spatial correlation was positive, meaning that there are high MPI values concentrated in municipalities of the Legal Amazon that are correlated with neighboring municipalities, mainly in the region known as the "arc of deforestation".
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pobreza na Região Metropolitana de Belém sob os enfoques teóricos das capacidades e do espaço social
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-16) BRASIL, Marília Carvalho; FERNANDES, Danilo Araújo; SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382
The general objective of this study is to study the relationships between poverty and social structure from monetary and multidimensional perspectives for the Metropolitan Region of Belém in the period 2000 to 2010. The main data sources used were microdata from the 2000 and 2010 Demographic Censuses. In the multidimensional analysis, the multidimensional poverty indexes (MPI) were constructed based on the Alkire-Foster method (2007, 2009). The typology developed by the Observatory of Metropolises, which adopts the Bourdieusian perspective, was used to analyze the social structure. In the first decade of the 21st century, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of poor people in the RMB from an income perspective. This trend was observed both for the RMB as a whole and for all metropolitan municipalities. The decline in monetary poverty indicators in the RMB followed the national trend that occurred in the 2000s as a consequence of economic conditions and public policies. By adopting multidimensionality in poverty analysis, it is possible to perceive the heterogeneity that exists in the areas studied, as advocated by Amartya Sen. Comparing the indicators of the two approaches, the results point to higher levels of poverty captured by the multidimensional perspective, when compared to the monetary perspective. This situation occurs for all levels of aggregation: regional, municipal and weighted area. The results of multidimensional poverty indicate that there was a small increase in the proportion of poor people in the RMB as a whole. The levels of multidimensional poverty presented were very high in comparison with the national averages in the period 2000/2010. The public policies that contributed to removing the condition of multidimensional poverty from a significant portion of the national population do not seem to have presented the same results for the RMB. Regarding the social structure of the RMB, it is clear that there is a progressive increase in the population classified as deprived as one advances in the social structure when considering the various indicators that make up the MPI (incidence, intensity and MPI). The population at the top of the social pyramid considered poor is significantly smaller than that at the base. As in the analysis of regional and municipal aggregates, the dimensions that acted to intensify the deprivations of the population residing in the RMB were education and standard of living.