Dissertações em Enfermagem (Mestrado) - PPGENF/ICS

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4815

O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se 01/01/2011 pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem (PPGENF) do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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A compreensão de diabéticos sobre as complicações com os pés e as implicações para o autocuidado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-30) PEREIRA, Odenilce Vieira; SANTANA, Mary Elizabeth de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6616236152960399; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3629-8932
The mellitus diabetes is a chronic disease that in recent years has contributed to the increased mortality in the world. The nurse stands out as a primary actor in diabetic care by performing nursing care at different levels of health care patient. The study aimed to describe the understanding of diabetic complications on his feet; identifying information submitted by nurses and examine factors that contribute to the incidence of vascular complications involving self-care. Descriptive qualitative research, developed in the months from May to July 2013, with thirty diabetic hospitalized at the University Hospital of Belém - Pará. Data were collected through semi-structured and subjected to thematic content analysis according to the model proposed by Bardin interview. All legal requirements have been rigorously considered. The study included seventeen women and thirteen men with a mean age of sixty . Most respondents had low level of education , ignorance and misinformation about diabetes which resulted in the realization of self-care. The data analysis allowed the learning of four core categories: discovery and control of diabetes, complications of diabetes and foot care; evidence that interfere with self-care of the feet; contributions of the healthcare team to practice self-care with their feet. The discussion was based on the theoretical framework that has supported the research and related theory of Orem Self Care. This research sought to emphasize inpatient hospital setting, as a characteristic for the curative treatment environment, however we believe that it can also be a place conducive to educational activities related to self-care and prevention for complications with the feet of diabetic patients.
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Homens autores de violência contra a mulher: a versão da mídia impressa paraense e as contribuições para a enfermagem
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-11-14) CHAVES, Alessandra Carla Santos de Vasconcelos; LIMA, Vera Lúcia de Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5247917929280755; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-4530
This study analyze the profile of men who commit violence against women identified in the news of the Liberal newspaper, of the state of Pará - Brazil, suggesting possible nursing strategies for coping problem. This is an exploratory study of the nature quantitative and qualitative using the statistical method and content analysis of Bardin (2011). Was developed in the Pará Tancredo Neves Cultural Foundation (CENTUR), where 2,190 copies of the newspaper O Liberal were analyzed, in that, 211 notes about marital violence in Pará was observed, of which 85 were published in the period from January 01 2004 and July 31, 2006 (before the Maria da Penha Law), and 126 were published from August 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008 (After the creation of the Maria da Penha Law). In the quantitative approach, it was found that men who commit violence against women are his companions with 25.88% (before the Maria da Penha Law) and 48.41% (after the Maria da Penha Law); are aged between 23 and 33 years with 27.06% (before the Maria da Penha Law) and 23.81% (after the Maria da Penha Law); they exert low specialized activity such as farmer 2.35% (before the Law Maria Penha) and mason with 6.35% (after the Maria da Penha Law). 3.53% have criminal records for assault prior to the creation of the Maria da Penha Law and trafficking in drugs with a percentage of 3.97%, for the years that follow the Maria da Penha Law years. Discussions with rates of 24.71% (before the Maria da Penha Law) and 27.78% (after the Maria da Penha Law) represent the main factor for aggression and/ or death of the woman. Physical violence is the most significant percentage with 89.4% (before the creation of the Maria da Penha Law) and 77.78% (after the creation of the Law). In the qualitative approach five thematic categories were identified: Violence against women is a complex phenomenon; Construction of the identity of the man author of violence committed against women; Major factors that lead men to commit violence against the partner; Applicability of Law 11.340/2006 the newspaper O Liberal; Forms of referencing the perpetrators of violence. Therefore, the prevention of violence against women does not depend solely on their empowerment, but must include transformations from the author of violence. Thus, the nurse plays a key role in the care of this man, as to join forces with other professionals to find a support to work in the education process in health from the authors of violence and their families.
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Autocuidado de mulheres residentes no município de Benevides/PA na prevenção e controle de HPV: participação da(o) enfermeira(o)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12-13) MIRANDA, Shirley Aviz de; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6191152585879205; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-7814
INTRODUCTION: Infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the most common STIs in the world and has high carcinogenic potential for uterine cervix. OBJECTIVES: To identify possible deficits of competence for self-care behavior on the sexual health of women attending the Health Units of Family Paradise of Murinin with positive findings of HPV and develop strategies for health education that contribute to healthy sexual behavior in prevention and control HPV and its consequences. METHODS: A survey conducted in the city of Benevides, Pará. This study was configured as a convergent - care research (PCA), which had as its theoretical framework of Orem self-care. The educational strategy was applied in 11 women aged between 25 and 64 years who were examined in PCCU between the years 2011 and 2012 and who had income from changes related to HPV infection. We use in the development of educational the strategy to focus group technique, which lasted for two months (19/03/13-14/05/2013) with seven group meetings. The procedure for analyzing information collected during group activities, was based on PCA and reference Orem self-care focused on defined objectives, seeking to assess how the change in the perception of health behaviors in the prevention and control of HPV was processed before developed the educational strategy , guided by the precepts of the nursing support OREM - education system. RESULTS: We identified during the research deficit of competence for self-care in the prevention, treatment/control of HPV and appropriate care, lack of knowledge about HPV, its consequences and its confrontation; deficit of competence for self-care practices in sex life satisfactorily shared; deficit of competence to care related to the reduction of socioeconomic risks, lack of self-care health disorders related to the treatment and control of HPV. Later taxpayers educational actions for safer sexual behaviors towards HPV and other STIs have been developed. Throughout the educational process, women began demonstrating cognitive competence for HPV infection and competence in self-care practices successfully shared sex life. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: We concluded that educational strategies used contribute to the learning of HPV infection in women as they showed signs of acquiring skills and abilities to self-care and hygiene healthier sexual practices, shared with their partners so. The implications for nursing practice are related to nursing needs to develop mechanisms to better accommodate the sexual partner as users, according to the policy of prevention of STIs and promotion of women's health. For teaching, we emphasize the importance of in-service training to meet the woman / man unit as marital / sexual partner, as well as training professionals with a comprehensive overview of the unit involved: the couple, the family. For research, the investigation of human behaviors that maintain the high incidence of human papillomavirus, is essential to find strategies in extinction of its incidence, control, treatment and disease prevention by HPV.
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Diagnóstico das condições de vida e saúde de idosos: um estudo de enfermagem na estratégia de saúde da família
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-01-29) SOUSA, Fabianne de Jesus Dias de; RAMOS, Edson Marcos Leal Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8324947891255931; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-8531; OLIVEIRA, Marília de Fátima Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7030765721580568; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-9434
The longevity despite being undoubtedly a triumph , shows important differences between developed and developing countries . While , in the first , aging was associated with improvements in general living conditions in the other , this process happens quickly, with no time for social reorganization and the area of proper health to meet the new demands emerging . This study aims to know the health status of the registered in the city of Benevides - PA family health strategy elderly population , as well as describe the social and demographic characteristics , living conditions and health of the elderly population and to establish that the relationships between variables living conditions and health and socio- epidemiological profile established. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach in the units of the Family Health Strategy , with 441 elderly using statistical techniques such as exploratory data analysis and correspondence analysis . It is noteworthy that most of the elderly is between 60 to 64 years , are female , married ( a) s , catholic (as) and family income 1-3 minimum wages . Most do not drink alcoholic beverages and does not have the habit of smoking , as not practicing physical activity . Hypertension is a chronic disease not - transmitted more prevalent . In the study it was possible to identify the diagnosis of conditions of life and health of the elderly population showing its age with the presence of comorbidities , and can facilitate the implementation of public health policies targeting this elderly population of Benevides to provide better conditions for life and health.
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Saúde mental no cotidiano da formação em enfermagem: modo-de-ser-docente
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-14) QUEIROZ, Aline Macedo de; OLIVEIRA, Marília de Fátima Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7030765721580568; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-9434
Phenomenological qualitative research approach, which used as a theoretical and methodological framework philosophy of Martin Heidegger expressed in his work Being and Time. Study conducted at the School of Nursing, Federal University of Pará in the second half of 2013 and aimed to: reveal the meanings and feelings that the nursing professors of the second and third semesters of the undergraduate nursing of Federal University of Pará express on mental health in daily life to be teaching. Participated in this study of nine nursing professors curricular activities Introduction to Nursing ( 3 ) Integral Attention to Women, Children and Adolescents ( 2 ), Health Care for the older persons ( 2 ), Educational Process I ( 1 ). Professional Practice and Health ( 1 ). The expressed by teachers was captured by phenomenological interview scheduled with each teacher and analyzed by ontic instance as regards the vague understanding and median. Five units of meanings emerged: US1 - mental health is natural phenomenon that manifests itself in the freedom to be and how to be with each other in a balanced relationship. US2 - the significance of mental health as the essence of the experiences expressed in the possibility of access to the things of the world. US3 - mental health is revealed in everyday nursing practice in different stages of life in a given occupation simply. US4 - Mental Health manifested in the training process as a secondary event. US5 - how to be a teacher in their life experience influences relations with each other in the training process. The revealed in the study, through what was spoken, perceived and experienced, expressed concern that mental health is an event, however this does not constitute as possibilities, ie, there is an early occupation of mental health as content formal study of this or that activity. It is possible that teachers in their way of being able to open up again, launch into the world and promote changes in the daily training of nurses, taking care of mental health, because even without this in the syllabus content there the recognition of its existence and its importance in the temporality of life of the people.
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Desafios do Programa HIPERDIA e implicações para a enfermagem
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-27) FERNANDEZ, Darla Lusia Ropelato; POLARO, Sandra Helena Isse; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7875594038005793; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6191152585879205; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-7814
INTRODUCTION: The HIPERDIA Program was established in 2001 in primary care because of the severity of epidemiological Hypertension (HBP) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM), conditions that can lead to serious complications instilling limitations and suffering in the lives of their patients and their families. In this context, it is worth mentioning the importance of primary prevention of these diseases and their complications. Past more than a decade of implementation, it is worth to reflect on the impact on health conditions that the program has generated among its users. OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the principles, philosophy and the guiding policy of HIPERDIA Program of the Ministry of Health (MH); describe how the patient care works, by a health team of HIPERDIA Program; explore the life and health behaviors demonstrated by users of HIPERDIA after its insertion into the program. METHODOLOGY DESCRIPTION: This is a Case Study second Yin (2010) whose object of study was a HIPERDIA Program executed in a Basic Health Unit outskirts of Belém. Data were obtained through interviews with users, staff and managers of the program, in addition to direct field observation, consultation records and official documentation of MS. The data analysis was performed by the analytical strategy "Relying on Theoretical Propositions" and the analytical technique "Standard Combination". RESULTS: The deterioration of the HIPERDIA program management illustrated by deficiencies in infrastructure, supplies, medicines and weaknesses in the reference and counter reference network, excessive spontaneous demand that overloads the health team allocated insufficient in number and the context of poverty and urban violence in users living contribute to poor adherence to treatment regimen and limit the team in its interdisciplinary and integral action. Furthermore, the current model of care is grounded in traditional, based on consultations and prescriptions and that has not proved sufficient to fully meet the needs of care to people with chronic condition requiring long-term care by adopting lifestyles more consistent and healthy. FINAL THOUGHTS: Big challenges are drawn against the data emerged from this study and it involves governmental and intersectoral actions that promote improvements in the living conditions of the population which requires political will to investing the necessary resources. Notwithstanding this, the nurse can make a contribution by promoting cultural care and self-care actions, customizing the plan of action and bringing the responsibility of the user and their families in improving their health condition.
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Educação permanente em saúde: mecanismo indutor do processo educativo no cotidiano do trabalho
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-29) DIAS, Geyse Aline Rodrigues; LOPES, Márcia Maria Bragança; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6740484061412959
The study aims to reveal the development of health continuing education proposal (EPS) on a Pará municipality, identifying difficulties and their influence in the educational process in health work daily, in view of the need to discuss on the National Policy of Permanent Education in health (PNEPS) in order to modify the practices, qualify the health care, to evaluate their influences and reflexes to consolidation of the Unified health System (SUS). In the theoretical referential, are used the assumptions of liberating pedagogical concept of Paulo Freire. Participated in the study forty-three (43) subjects, including coordinators and other health professionals involved in permanent education proposals in the Benevides-PA municipality.It consists a study of holistic single case, from a qualitative approach and, according to its objectives, with an explanatory and descriptive strategy (YIN, 2005). The data collection period was from February to June 2014, through focused interview guided by Yin (2015), from the use of interview protocol. Was used to analyze a general analytical strategy named "Couting on theoretical propositions," directed by Yin (2015), founded on the theoretical propositions of Continuing Education in Health and Educational Process in the Labour Everyday Health, followed by analytical procedure Strauss; Corbin (2008), from which emerged a total of three (03) categories, which are : "Understanding on Permanent Education in Health", "Process of Continuing Health Education experienced in Labor Daily", "Importance of Continuing Education in Daily the work in Health "; eight (08) subcategories, namely: "Concept of Continuing Education in Health", "Objective of Continuing Education in Health", "Demands of actions to be taken", "Development of Permanent Education Project Health"; "Development of the actions of Continuing Education in Health", "Difficulties in the development of the actions of Continuing Health Education", "Evaluation of the actions of Continuing Education in Health" and "Influence of Continuing Education in Health in daily work." The results showed that the development of EPS proposal deployed in the city is in its initial phase, because from that guides the PNEPS, interaction and coordination is essential between the levels of government, health workers, education and the community, however , was evidenced of a vertical relationship process, management hierarchical and centralized, with a predominance of traditional educational processes, the transfer of information with little or no process of critical reflection of reality. It is understood that the municipality is experiencing a challenging phase implementation of EPS, in this perspective, it is suggested to prioritize and create more moments and collective spaces, and dialogic participatory planning with all stakeholders, so as to foster horizontal processes of health production, preparation and development of problem-solving educational activities, critical and reflective, that meet the real needs of workers and users, as well as contribute to the motivation and professional appreciation , developing and expanding the services and collaborating effectively with the SUS consolidation.
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Sintomas depressivos, declínio cognitivo e prejuízo funcional em idosos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) UCHÔA, Verediana Sousa; OLIVEIRA, Marília de Fátima Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7030765721580568; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-9434
INTRODUCTION: Population aging is considered a worldwide demographic phenomenon. In Brazil we specifically observed a rapid and consistent demographic expansion in the elderly population, the country counts with about 21 million people aged 60 years or more, representing a significant portion of the total population, approximately 11.3%. As a consequence of this change in the age pyramid, we have the increased prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, which in turn can lead to functional disability. In addition to chronic diseases, mental health deserves special attention, as they often affect the elderly, with dementia and depression being the most prevalent. Understanding the factors associated with the incidence of depression, as well as the functional and cognitive impairments resulting from this condition, allow us to assist in the prevention and early identification of these symptoms, promoting specific intervention strategies in order to avoid or minimize damages to the quality of life of the elderly. OBJECTIVES: To identify the presence of depressive symptoms, cognitive decline and functional impairment in the elderly enrolled in the program for the control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus of the Municipal Health Unit of Guamá, in the city of Belém, Pará. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 100 The elderly. Data were collected through individual interviews using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), the Katz Scale (ABVD) and the Lawton and Brody Scale (AIVD) for the evaluation of Cognitive ability, presence of depressive symptoms and functional capacity, respectively. Pearson's Chi-square test for trend / adhesion and association between nominal variables and Pearson's Linear Correlation test were used for numerical variables. RESULTS: The profile of the studied population is predominantly female, with low educational level, low income and age range between 60-69 years. The prevalence of depression was estimated in 22% of the sample and was associated with female and sedentary elderly individuals. Regarding mental status, cognitive deficit was identified in 27% of the interviewed elderly, and the age of the elderly presented a moderate negative correlation with the MMSE performance. Regarding the functionality of the elderly interviewed, most of them were considered independent to perform basic activities of daily living, and 46% of the sample had dependence on the instrumental activities of daily living. There was an association between depressive symptoms and functional dependence. CONCLUSION: It was verified that sedentary women and elderly people are more susceptible to the occurrence of depression and that age is a factor strongly associated with a decrease in cognitive performance. It was also observed that the level of dependence of the elderly in the AIVD is strongly associated with the presence of depressive symptoms.
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Estudo dos óbitos maternos na região metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-02-07) CAMACHO, Elyade Nelly Pires Rocha; ARAÚJO, Eliete da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5906453187927460; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-4753
Data on maternal mortality, whether in developed or developing countries, are more disparate than any other indicator of public health in Brazil. During the United Nations Millennium Development Pact, eight Development Goals were adopted, among them, to reduce maternal mortality by 75% by 2015. The aim of the study was to conduct a study on the occurrence of maternal deaths in the region Metropolitan area of Belém that were notified through the Mortality Information System (MIS) from January 2013 to December 2015, in addition to describing the main causes of maternal mortality. The study is an epidemiological, descriptive, quantitative, analytical, retrospective and documentary approach. It is performed with secondary data stored at the Maternal Mortality Committee consisting of results reported as maternal deaths. From January 2013 to December 2015, 53 deaths were reported in 2013, 45 maternal deaths in 2014 and 40 deaths in 2015. The data identified a maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 160.3 deaths per 100 A thousand live births in 2013, 136.0 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2014 and 121.9 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2015. We can say that the epidemiological profile is not well defined, diverging with several Literatures. The main causes of maternal mortality are in the world, in Brazil and especially in the metropolitan region I of the state of Pará, the four apocalyptic horsemen, who kill women, Hypertensive Syndrome, Hemorrhage, Sepsis and Abortion remain. That is, despite all the discussions on the subject, the RMM does not diminish over the years, reinforcing the need for improvements in the state's public health.
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Ensino-aprendizagem em saúde mental e psiquiatria: percepção dos alunos da graduação em enfermagem
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-09) FREITAS, Karina Faine da Silva; OLIVEIRA, Marília de Fátima Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7030765721580568; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-9434
The purpose of this study is to understand the student's perception about the teaching learning process in curricular activities: Nursing in Mental Health and Psychiatry and Semi Internship in Nursing II, identifying weaknesses in the training process. The philosophical theoretical support is based on the libertanting pedagogical conception of Paulo Freire, as well as, it is anchored in authors and documents that discuss the proposed theme. Fourteen graduating students had participated in the curricular activities of Nursing in Mental Health and Psychiatry and Semi-Internship in Nursing II, ministered respectively in the 4th and 9th semesters of the Nursing Course-UFPA, divided between two sessions, the first one composed of four Students and the second session of ten students. Data collection was realized in September and October 2015, throught the technique of group interviews, via the focal group. The data obtained were analyzed following the steps proposed by John W. Creswell (2010), from which four important thematic units appeared: "The critical-curious look for the classes of Mental Health and Psychiatry"; "The Pedagogical dimension"; "Learning in relation to Mental Health and Psychiatry"; "The stigma in relation to the psychiatric patient". The results revealed that the students perceive their training process and critically contemplate the ways of teaching in mental health and psychiatry, and recognize that the way in which the content is worked makes difference in the teaching-learning process. It is inferred, that for teachers it is still a challenge to understand the pedagogical action and the role they play in this process, recognizing the demands and requirements that determine the formation process, as well as, respect for the autonomy of the students. Through this study we perceive the need to consolidate the training of nurses from the perspective of SUS, in order to know the devices of the Psychosocial Attention Network and the precepts of the Psychiatric Reform. The results indicate the need to overcome the pontual formation of mental health, however, it should favor an academic environment that fosters the topic of discussion in all curricular activities because it is a transversal theme and takes place throughout the living process of the human being. It was possible to understand through the praxis, the process of reflection on the action and the critical posture, that the environment changes and people are transformed.
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Indicadores epidemiológicos das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde dos hospitais de Belém-Pa sob a ótica da vigilância sanitária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-03) MIRANDA, Valdirene Barroso; CAMPOS, Ana Cristina Viana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4058636685107892; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0596-6632; VIEIRA, Antonia Benedita Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0692027193243552
The term Hospital Infection (HI) has been substituted by Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) because they embrace the infections the patient can acquire in other healthcare services, besides hospitals. The HAIs show larger incidence in the Intensive Therapy Units (ITUs). The failures in the tools sterilization processes, the lack of antimicrobian patterning and the failure in the hands hygienic technics are some factors that contribute to acquire infections, resulting in the mortality increase, in the internment period increase and in the healthcare expenses elevation. Concerning to the legislation, Federal Law 9.431/1997 made obligatory for each hospital creating HAIs Control Commissions and keeping HAIs Prevention and Control Programs, as measures to prevent and control this phenomenon. It is due to Sanitary Vigilance inspecting the Hospitals’ HAIs Control Commissions, supported by sanitary inspection and documental analysis. This procedure allows picking up epidemiologic information about HAIs in each hospital, enabling the HAIs tax calibration, as well as information about microorganisms which round the hospitals the most. The objective proposed has been describing Belém’s Hospitals’ HAIs epidemiological profile through the Sanitary Vigilance’s view, in the period between 2011 and 2014. It’s about historic series ecologic study, with secondary data, collected in the Belém’s Sanitary Vigilance Department Data Base, referring to the HAIs informed by 32 hospitals, between 2011 and 2014. The study results show that 68,8% of the hospitals are particular and 31,2% are public; that 71,9% have Intensive Therapy Unit rooms, 60,87% of them in the particular net. Concerning to the HAIs Control Commissions’ behave, 56,2% of the hospitals count on active Commissions, while 43,8% don’t count on active ones. About Infection Indicators, HAIs’ tax keeps around 3,3%. The infected patients’ tax reached 2,7% in 2012. HAIs’ obits reached it’s higher increase in 2011, 14,3%. The respiratory tract infection has been the highest incidence topography, reaching the tax of 24% in 2012. Followed by the urinary tract infections (14,2% to 17,6%), blood flows infections (13,5% to 17,9%), skin (7,5% to 5,3%), intestine infections (5,7% to 6,1%), surgery site infections (0,9 to 1,0%), clean surgery infections (0,2% to 0,8%), neonatal blood infections (1,6% to 2,1%) and other topographies’ infections (3,3%). Pathogens that involved the most in infectious process were Pseudomonas aeruginosas (96%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (92%), Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (80%) and Acinetobacter baumanni (72%). We conclude that a considerable number of hospitals in Belém don't monitor adequately the HAIS' occurrence, because the lack of active controls and of HAIS' Control Program implementation in a hospital can reflect unconsistent epidemiological data. Hospitals without active commissions can’t show indicators that reflect its epidemiological reality properly. So, it’s quite necessary that Sanitary Vigilance acts in a more incisive way in the hospitals, towards improving the process of controlling infections and ameliorating epidemiological indicators. This action will contribute to make sanitary department and hospitals comply their institutional missions, that are “eliminate, diminish and prevent risks and damages related to the patient’s health”.
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Vivências de famílias de crianças com câncer no contexto amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-03) CARVALHO, Milene do Socorro Bastos de; CARVALHO, Jacira Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9434086419077532; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-2434
The diagnosis of cancer is a disorganizing moment in the child's life and also in the lives of those who live with him or her, the reactions can be disastrous for the child and their families, leading them to emotional imbalances, insecurity, guilt, fear, and symptoms of depression. Identifying the family system, that is, the family as a complex phenomenon, which demands support among its members, to deal with a particular disease situation, can be the first step towards raising awareness and reflection on the importance and care of the family for the nursing. Family nursing research has contributed to new care experiences, which implies a reflection on new possibilities for nurses / family interaction in different scenarios and contexts. OBJECTIVES: To identify the structure, development and standard of functioning of the children's families with cancer in the region of Amazonia/Belém/Pará, by applying the Calgary Family Assessment Model (MCAF); to describe the children's families history with cancer according to the MCAF in the Amazonian context; to describe the expectations of the children's family members with cancer in relation to the participation of the nurse in the care of the child and his / her family. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach, used as a theoretical and methodological reference, the Calgary Family Assessment Model. It was developed in the city of Belém-PA, in a reference hospital in pediatric oncology. The study included 05 families of children diagnosed with cancer who were being treated in the hospitalization sector. A semistructured interview technique was performed, whose sessions were recorded and transcribed entirety, avoiding the loss or misrepresentation of the information. The analysis of thematic content was carried out in the light of the MCAF in three categories: structural, developmental and functional evaluation, presented through the Genogram and Ecomapa through the statements of each family interviewed. RESULTS: From the experiences of caring for the child with cancer we verified that the families experienced significant changes and problems of several magnitudes that came to compromise some relationships in the internal and external structure of the families. The Calgary Family Assessment Model allowed us to observe a scientific and systematic structure, through its categories of family assessment, because it helped us to gather information, which gave us support in the construction of the Genogram and Ecomapa in a way that allowed a broader and more significant view of the family structure. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The child and his/her family need a qualified and systematized assistance in order to enable paths that foster feelings of hope, security and confidence regarding the treatment and consequently aiming a satisfactory prognosis, so we emphasize the need for new studies related to the family, especially the applicability of the Calgary Family Intervention Model (MCIF), in order to deepen and make possible new dimensions, giving to family nursing new collaborations of great scientific relevance.
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Saúde sexual e HIV/AIDS na terceira idade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-10) MENDONÇA, Evelyn Tayana Maciel; ARAÚJO, Eliete da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5906453187927460; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-4753; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6191152585879205; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-7814
The rate of HIV infection has increased among the elderly. Likewise, the improvement of social life and the growth of the pharmaceutical industry have stimulated the prolongation of sexual activity in old age. However, the conception of the elderly as an asexual person, including among health professionals, has reduced the space for the elderly to express their sexuality or to discuss the subject in a way that provides information, resulting in dangerous sexual practices and remoteness of their sexual health. The objective of this study was to analyze how the knowledge about HIV / AIDS reflects the sexuality experience of the elderly users of a Health Center in the city of Belém-PA. For this purpose, it was opted for the evaluation research approach, adopting the triangulation method. In compliance with the first objective that was assessing the knowledge of the elderly about HIV / AIDS, applying the Questionnaire about HIV to Third-Age (QHIV3I). Already to reach the second objective, which was to explore how the elderly think and experience their sexuality, it was adopted the focus group technique, applying for two separate groups of men and women. The data obtained through the questionnaire were treated and analyzed by simple descriptive statistics, resulting in the fact that the elderly people who participate of this research have some knowledge about AIDS, mainly in relation to the areas "concept", "transmission" and "prevention ". However, it was observed the existence of knowledge gaps especially about the asymptomatic phase of the disease and ways in which virus transmission does not occur. In addition, 93% of them do not use condoms in their sexual practice and only 40% have already had the HIV test. The data obtained through the study group were treated by the Thematic Content Analysis, thus emerging four categories: sexuality of the elderly among the challenges of aging and prejudice; elderly widows – the influence of marital status on sexuality; the negotiation of condom use among couples of the elderly – between trust and suspicion of infidelity; Nursing between the old and new: the conversation about IST and HIV / AIDS with the elderly. It was concluded that knowing does not always reflect positive attitudes toward HIV / AIDS prevention and other STIs. The elderly do not use the condom because of the following reasons: trust in the partner, relationship of power of the man to the woman, biological changes and lack of habit.
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Conhecer para atuar: propostas para ações mais eficazes na prevenção do HIV/AIDS em adolescentes no município de Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-31) LIMA, Mariana Souza de; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530
The State of Pará and Belém occupy the tenth and sixth position between the Federative Units and the Brazilian capitals, respectively, in the detection rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV infection has grown a mong young adolescents, even th ough the government media campaigns for HIV preventio n. From the year 1980 to the year 2013, the Northern Region presented a 111% increase in the detection rate among subjects aged 15 to 24 years. With the objective of designing more effective and timely health education campaigns against HIV infection in yo ung adolescents in the city of Belém, in this work I was PROPOSED in the foreground to outline the epidemiological profile for HIV infection or A cquired Immunodeficiency S yndrome (AIDS) among adolescents between the ages of 15 and 24 years for each of the administrative district of Belém, and secondly to evaluate the knowledge about HIV / AIDS among high school students of state schools in these administrative regions. The survey of the epidemiological profile will be done at the Center for Testing and Coun seling (CTA) of the Municipal Health Department of Belém (SESMA) using questionnaires filled by users, aged 15 to 24 years, whose tests were positive for HIV in the period between 2010 and 2015. The data were grouped by location of the user's residence. In order to assess the level of knowledge about HIV/A ids in high school students, semi - structured questionnaires with closed questions were used where the student has options to agree to the question, do not agree or mark "I do not know". It is hoped that th e results provided by this study will provide further subsidies to public health policies to combat HIV/ A ids . We hope that our findings will be sources for further studies and that they alert us to effective action in the fight against HIV in public school students by municipal, state and even federal agencies.
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A representação social dos enfermeiros sobre o câncer e suas implicações para o cuidado de enfermagem prestado aos pacientes oncológicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-22) JESUS, José Maria Barreto de; SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0084512862619143; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-0348
Presented to the Graduate Program in Nursing of the Health Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Pará, Master's Degree in Nursing of the UFPa as part of the requisites required to obtain the Master's Degree in Nursing. This research aims to study the social representation of nurses on cancer and its implications for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. Interest in this subject appeared when I began to perceive the change in the profile of patients hospitalized at the hospital where they worked, from acute patients (leptospirosis, rabies, bacterial and viral meningitis, among others) to chronic diseases, specifically cancer. Cancer is a disease that first affects the cognitive level of the individual, who after the process of assimilation, comes to understand and fear. For this reason it accepts the treatment, which also implies suffering (mutilating surgeries, radiotherapy and chemotherapy). But when the manifestations of the disease materialize in the patient's body, his previous biotype is altered which translates into signs and symptoms, such as: severe weight loss, loss of muscle strength and others. The disease, now visualized by others, leaves the psychological sphere passing, also, to the sociological one - it becomes a psychosocial disease. Regarding the professional's view, cultural dimensions imply the understanding that cancer is a terminal illness, that is, when the individual is affected by the pathology, however great the dedication of the health team to death is inevitable . I emphasize that this reality is grounded not because cancer is a terminal disease, but because of the existence of a strong bureaucracy present in health services. It is worth mentioning that in the state of Pará, this problem is more pronounced due to the large size of the territory, which makes it difficult for patients to access health services. Cancer is a disease that is widely exploited by many types of research, including those of a psychosocial nature. But I would like to point out that the discussion about the social representations of nurses about cancer is of fundamental importance for a rethinking of nursing about the care given to a patient with a chronic and almost always terminal illness. Based on this understanding, I formulated the following objectives: characterize the social representation of nurses on cancer and analyze the implications of this social representation for the nursing care provided to cancer patients. The study is descriptive-exploratory, with a qualitative approach and theoretical contribution of the concepts of Theory of Social Representations. The work is based on primary sources: statements of nineteen nurses and a nurse, produced from a semi-structured interview and the technique of free association of ideas. I first opted for the application of the technique of free association of ideas, as a way to deepen the themes that emerged in the free association of ideas, I used the semi-guided interview as a second technique. The information was worked through the thematic analysis, which allows to know a reality, through the communications of individuals who have ties with it. I sought to follow the guidance of this author who unfolds this type of analysis in three stages: the first is the pre-analysis, which consisted in the selection and organization of the material, with the realization of floating reading and the constitution of the corpus; The second the exploitation of the material and the third, the data treatment and interpretation. As a result of the consolidation of two thematic units, so-called: cancer a chronic, degenerative, suffering and deadly disease and cancer patient: the experience of a new nursing care. The results evidenced the suffering experienced by the nurses in providing care to the cancer patient due to the frustration of the unreached cure. The implementation of a new care allowed the deponents to insert in their care practice an integral and humane care to this clientele.
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As representações sociais de mulheres alcoolistas sobre o alcoolismo e suas implicações para o cuidado de si
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-29) CUNHA, Natacha Marina Farias da; SILVA, Sílvio Éder Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0084512862619143; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-0348
Alcohol is a psychotropic substance that has a depressant effect on the nervous system and causes alcohol dependence in those who abuse them, recognized by the WHO as progressive, incurable and fatal disease, but each year is growing worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the social representations of alcoholic women about alcoholism and its implications for self care, outlining its profile and characterizing the images (objections) and the senses (anchors) that alcoholic women have about alcoholism. To achieve this purpose a qualitative study was carried out and the method of Social Representation Theory was adopted. As a field of research for the study we had a few groups of Alcoholics Anonymous, participating in the study 12 alcoholic women, who were attending assiduously anonymous alcoholic support groups. The data collection was done individually, following an interview script with questions of free association of words and semi-structured questions, as well as a socio economic and cultural questionnaire, so that we could know the women who participated in the research. Data collection took place from July to December 2016. In order to work on the information collected, we chose thematic analysis, following six stages in the analysis. At first the data were transcribed, later codified so that it could identify in all other transcriptions homogeneous and significant results for the objective, allowing the creation and grouping of possible themes, the grouping of themes gained meaning in which it could understand its statement, Thus writing the data of this study. After analyzing the data, we obtained five categories that gave life to the categories of discussion: Alcoholization: from pleasure to reified knowledge of disease, where the search for sobriety led the women involved in the research to seek to know the social object that Affected. Woman: her rooted mother destroyed in which we identified the objectification of all the family consequences that alcoholism caused. Demoralization of female alcoholism: search for empowerment where the stigmatizing judgment of female alcoholism is presented, experienced and shared by these women, today seek to deconstruct the imagery that society has built against them. Daily struggles against the pleasures of alcohol, where the confrontation presented by these women is presented, in order to avoid a return to alcoholism, so they avoid avoiding the first drink, but also show that several aspects can contribute to the disfigurement, such as the media; And lastly The representation of self care as the starting point for nursing care where it presents that the search for health care as methods used to care for themselves, lost with alcoholization. Emphasizing the importance of nursing care to promote health education and strengthen self care. However, it is necessary to the nursing comprehension about the problem that involves alcoholism so that it can provide the care that the AA can not provide, that the sooner realized, the smaller the chances of psychological, physical and social damages, thus the greater the chances of Successful treatment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Letramento funcional em saúde dos idosos acerca de acidentes por queda e sua prevenção
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12) NEVES, Aline Bento; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6191152585879205; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-7814; ARAÚJO, Eliete da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5906453187927460; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-4753
Background: Fall accidents, especially amongst the elderly, are considered to be events of external cause of deaths that are responsible for about five million deaths each year, which represents about 9% of the worldwide mortality. In Brazil, this event is the third cause of death. Health literacy relates to knowledge, motivation, and one’s competence in searching, comprehending and analyzing health related information so they can eventually make decisions over health promotion, disease prevention and improvement in quality of life. Aim: Finding out the level of health literacy amongst an elderly group on the topic of fall accidents and its prevention. Methods: This is an exploratory-descriptive study using a qualitative approach. The participants are 80 elderly that were also public square goers, from these, 40 elderly were interviewed in the Public Square A (located in a middle class neighborhood) and the other forty were interviewed in Public Square B (located in a low-income neighborhood). The interviews used the instrument “Health Literacy”, translated and adapted by Lisiane Paskulin et al. for use within the Brazilian scenario. The sociodemographic data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The qualitative analysis over the content of the responses to the open questions were categorized according to its different dimensions, considering its nature and frequency. The research project was approved by UFPA - Hospital Barros Barreto’s Research Ethics Committee, under the protocol number 2.095.048. Results: In between both groups there was a predominance of the female gender. A higher formal education rate was found amongst the elderly interviewed in the Public Square A, with the years of formal education varying from 5 to 9 (62,5%), against 1 to 4 years of formal education amongst the elderly found in Public Square B (42,5%). The majority of the elderly in both public squares were house owners. The analysis of the health literacy data was distributed in five dimensions: finding fall accidents information, comprehending fall accidents information, sharing fall accidents information, repercussion of the fall accidents information to the elder, and participation in health education groups. Health literacy in both the middle class neighborhood group and in the low income neighborhood group reached a low level. Conclusion: The low level of health literacy over fall accidents and its prevention was found to be a very important lack in health education. The low percentage of responses from the elderly when questioned over the different dimensions of health literacy revealed an apparent conformity and passivity over general health information.
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Enfermagem de família: o enfrentamento de famílias cuidadoras de idoso com doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-19) CANTO, Maria Gorete Bentes; GONÇALVES, Lucia Hisako Takase; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6191152585879205; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-7814
Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease that causes the decline of cognitive functions, reducing physical and social abilities, interfering in behavior and personality. With the evolution of the picture, Alzheimer's causes a great impact on the daily life of the person becoming more and more dependent on the help of family members. This study had as objective To know the ways of functioning of caregiver families who experience the coexistence of the care of the elderly person affected by Alzheimer's disease, in the domestic sphere. METHODOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach, used as a theoretical and methodological reference point, the Calgary Family Assessment Model. It was developed in the city of Belém-PA, in a reference hospital in geriatrics. The study included 08 families of elderly people diagnosed with Alzheimer's who were being treated at the outpatient clinic of the João de Barros Barreto University Hospital. The semistructured interview technique was used, whose sessions were written in full and drawn (genogram), avoiding the loss or misrepresentation of the information. The analysis of thematic content was carried out in the light of the Calgary Family Assessment Model in three categories: structural, developmental and functional evaluation, presented through the Genogram and Ecomapa through the statements of each family interviewed. RESULTS: From the experiences of caring for the elderly with Alzheimer's, we found that families experienced significant changes and problems of various magnitudes that compromised some relationships in the internal and external structure of families. The Calgary Family Assessment Model allowed us to observe a scientific and systematic structure, through its family assessment categories, because it helped us gather information, which subsidized us in the construction of the Genogram and Ecomapa in a way that allowed us a more structure of the family structure. Conclusion: We concluded that the objective of the research was achieved, since the elderly and their family members require a qualified and systematized assistance in order to enable paths that favor feelings of hope, safety before treatment and, consequently, aiming a satisfactory prognosis. we emphasize the need for new studies related to the family of the elderly with Alzheimer, especially the applicability of the Calgary Family Intervention Model (MCIF), in order to deepen and enable new dimensions, providing to family nursing new collaborations of great scientific relevance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Enfermagem de família: uso do modelo Calgary para avaliação de famílias ribeirinhas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-12-19) IMBIRIBA, Jéssica Mayara Marques Barboza; CARVALHO, Jacira Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9434086419077532; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-2434
The family constitutes an important social group, in which the health-disease process occurs and is most often solved, in this way the family acts as a unit of primary care in the health and care of its members. It should be relevant to the study on the health of the Amazon family especially the riverside, as can be observed that the familiar system of these populations present complexities unique evolutionary and contextual features, developed over the years in their interaction with the environment and regional characteristics of the Amazon, besides the professional nurses not being able to carry out evaluations of families, in the perspective that the health models today propose equity, universality, resolubility with co-responsibilities. This dissertation aimed to describe how the families living on the Island of Combu face the problems of life and health in the family everyday. This is a descriptive and explanatory research of a qualitative nature. Where families were evaluated according to the Calgary Model of Family Evaluation (FHH), using observation, the Figueiredo interview form (2012) based on Wright, Leahey (2012) and adapted, field diary, the Genogram and the Ecomapa. As a context of the study we have the Combu Island, and as a target population 10 families attended in the Family Health Strategy that have an area of easy access for the research team. This research complied with Resolution Nº. 466 of 12 of December, 2012 of the National Health Council (CNS). As results the predominant type of family is the single parent led by the woman, the occupation of the mothers was of the home, the occupation of the parents was extractive and the occupation of the student children. The type of contact with the family occurs through personal, and they use the extended family mainly for social company. It has as form of sustenance as being the work of own account, those who have children in school stage reports that all attend the school. They use the ESF mainly for disease prevention and hospital services only when referenced. They have a very present religiosity. The way of access is by means of boats, and the houses do not have refrigeration or heating, the discharge of garbage is given by means of the burning. Regarding family planning, most did not plan their children despite knowing about contraceptive methods, social rights in pregnancy, and social rights of motherhood and fatherhood. We have the most active member as being the figure of the mother, the relatives have shown to have a very strong relationship with each other, and the approximation in relation to the resolutions of problems and affective occurs mainly in the contact mother and first-born. In conclusion, it was possible to observe that the nursing professional only has to carry out actions of health education with the purpose of guiding the families and reducing the impacts of the absence of the public power in relation to the issues of basic sanitation and water supply.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discurso dos(as) enfermeiros(as) da atenção básica sobre saúde sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres lésbicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019) FARIAS, Gesiany Miranda; LIMA, Maria Lúcia Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2883065146680171; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3062-2399; LIMA, Vera Lúcia de Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5247917929280755; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-4530
Among the priority areas of Primary Health Care (PHC) is the attention on sexual and reproductive health, which must be offered to the population with ethics and humanization, being human rights that are part of public health policies. Refering for women, it reports that they can exercise their sexuality without repression and violence. However, countless people have their rights violated because of their sexual orientation. It cites here, the lesbians who often have their sexual and reproductive rights infringed within health services. Among the professionals who work in these services, the nurse is mentioned, who has an important role in the care and, therefore, should seek the improvement of their practices to provide a better assistance to the lesbians, within their demands and specificity. Thus, this research had the objective of characterizing the discourses of nurses who work in Primary Health Care (PHC) of Belém about sexual and reproductive health of the lesbians. The methodology used was exploratory with a qualitative approach, collected in the city of Belém in a UBS of each one of the 07 administrative districts of that capital. Participants were nurses that atued in these health sectors and that prested assistance to Ministry of Health programs that involved women's health. It were consulted a total of 23 nurses were consulted for the research. However, 10 discorded about the inclusion criteria, resulting in 13 nurses interviewed. The research happenned through a sociodemographic questionnaire, followed by a semistructured interview script. The content analysis was according to the structure proposed by Bardin, perpassing for the steps of preanalysis, material exploration, treatment of results, inference and interpretation. The results and discussions of this research were divided into four categories, the first about stereotypes involving lesbianity, the second reporting the need for training and qualification of these professionals, the third mentioning sexual health in primary care, and the fourth citing the reproductive rights of lesbians. Through this research it can characterize the discourse of these professionals, being fundamental to propose strategies for the reduction or eradication of some fragilities found such as heteronormativity in health care, lack of capacity, the stereotype that affect lesbians and the assistence question in sexual health and reproductive. All these themes were analyzed with theoretical bases, through discussions involving authors that discuss lesbianity, lesbian health, as well as publications of the Ministry of Health through its guidelines and concepts.